The Effects of Pistachio (Pistacia vera) on Health Factors and Disease Treatment of Human
Vida Hojati
1
(
Department of Biology, Da.C., Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
)
Keywords: Anemia, Cancer, Diabetes, Diet, Pistachio, Pistacia vera,
Abstract :
The pistachio tree is a drought and salinity tolerant plant that is known as one of the most important horticultural crops in Iran due to its adaptability to hot and dry climates. The native Iranian pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) is a good source of fiber, saturated fatty acids (myristic, palmitic and stearic acid), and unsaturated (linoleic and oleic acid), minerals (selenium, zinc, calcium, potassium, iron and magnesium, phosphorus and copper), vitamins (A, B, C and E), carotenoids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, saponin and tannins, low fat and cholesterol, high protein and a high percentage of absorbable iron. Domestic pistachios have long been prescribed for the treatment of anemia, but due to their high nutritional value and high consumption, few clinical studies have been conducted on them. This review study examines the therapeutic effects of various parts of various pistachio plant species in Iran by examining reliable domestic and foreign sources. For this purpose, 76 articles were selected and reviewed using the Scientific Information Database (SID), Scopus and PubMed, with an emphasis on the most recent and relevant sources. Pistachios, as a rich source of vitamin B6, can improve the body's immune system. Research results show that pistachios have many antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiviral, antiparasitic, and therapeutic effects, the most important of which are: strengthening the mind and memory, preventing pain, anxiety, and depression, helping to quit addiction, treating anemia, helping to treat diabetes, cancer, heart, liver, and kidney damage, osteoarthritis, increasing male sexual desire and potency, improving blood parameters, biochemical, sex, and thyroid hormones, immune response, and healing various wounds. Pistachios are useful for reducing high triglycerides, cholesterol, and bilirubin in the blood.
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Carughi A, Bellisle F, Dougkas A, Giboreau A, Feeney MJ, Higgs J (2019) A randomized controlled pilot study to assess effects of a daily pistachio (Pistacia Vera) afternoon snack on next-meal energy intake, satiety, and anthropometry in French women. Nutrients. 11(4), 767.
Dreher ML (2012) Pistachio nuts: composition and potential health benefits. Nutrition Reviws. 70(4), 234-40.
Esmaeili Nadimi A, Ahmadi Z, Falahati-Pour SK, Mohamadi M, Nazari A, Hassanshahi G, Ekramzadeh M (2020) Physicochemical properties and health benefits of pistachio nuts. International Journal of Vitamin and Nutrition Research. 90(5-6), 564-574.
Fantino M, Bichard C, Mistretta F, Bellisle F (2020) Daily consumption of pistachios over 12 weeks improves dietary profile without increasing body weight in healthy women: A randomized controlled intervention. Appetite. 144, 104483.
Fattah M, Afshari H, Kashef B, Laei G, Zarrinpour V (2026) Assessment of chilling stress effects on physiological and biochemical attributes and gene expression on ‘Abbas Ali’ pistachio cultivar. International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology. 13(3), 507-522.
Fitzgerald E, Lambert K, Stanford J, Neale EP (2021) The effect of nut consumption (tree nuts and peanuts) on the gut microbiota of humans: a systematic review. British Journal of Nutrition. 125(5), 508-520.
Fogacci F, Cicero AFG, Derosa G, Rizzo M, Veronesi M, Borghi C (2019) Effect of pistachio on brachial artery diameter and flow-mediated dilatation: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized, controlled-feeding clinical studies. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 59(2), 328-335.
Ghanavati M, Rahmani J, Clark CCT, Hosseinabadi SM, Rahimlou M (2020) Pistachios and cardiometabolic risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 52, 102513.
Gholamhosseinian A, Fallah H, Sharififar F (2008) Hypoglycemic effect of four plant extracts effective on alpha-glucosidase in healthy and diabetic mice. Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 16(1), 35-44.
Gulati S, Misra A, Pandey RM, Bhatt SP, Saluja S (2014) Effects of pistachio nuts on body composition, metabolic, inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters in Asian Indians with metabolic syndrome: a 24-wk, randomized control trial. Nutrition. 30(2), 192-197.
Hadi A, Asbaghi O, Kazemi M, Khadem Haghighian H, Ghaedi E (2023) Effects of pistachios on glycaemic control: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. British Journal of Nutrition. 129(10), 1693-1702.
Hadi A, Asbaghi O, Kazemi M, Haghighian HK, Pantovic A, Ghaedi E, Abolhasani Zadeh F. (2023) Consumption of pistachio nuts positively affects lipid profiles: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 63(21), 5358-5371.
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