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List of Articles
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Open Access Article
1 - Typology of Earth-shelter Architecture in Iran
Meghedy Khodabakhshian Seyed Majid Mofidi Farah HabibEarth-Shelter construction is one of the aspects in architecture where the thermal mass of the earth behind theouter walls are applied in order to reduce heat loss and keep the internal temperature at human comfort range. In case of earth-shelterbuildings, housing is es MoreEarth-Shelter construction is one of the aspects in architecture where the thermal mass of the earth behind theouter walls are applied in order to reduce heat loss and keep the internal temperature at human comfort range. In case of earth-shelterbuildings, housing is especially important. As for its applicability the earth-shelter provides good housing. Typological studies ofearth-shelter construction in Iran by introduces various Iranian examples of this type, could be a model for the today’s innovativedesigns with an approach to energy saving. This type of construction responded to human comfort requirements when modernismwas absent to claim that it could do the same through mechanical technology. The study method adopted here consists of qualitative-descriptiveand deductive analyses. The categories of earth-shelter architecture are three worldwide: Earth Mound, Rocky or In-Hill and Bellowground. Here the genotype of earth architecture and phenotype of earth-shelter are studied in details. The same is of two in Iran:Rocky, which is divided in continues and discontinues types and closed underground type. Studies conducted in Iran have revealeda new type of these structures named Combined Continues Rocky open Underground by the author. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Eco-Village and Climatic Design
Marzieh Ghasemi EshtaftakiEco village design is a new field of knowledge still under development. It will be the physical manifestationof the unfolding of the ecovillage dream held by so many. It is generally agreed that concept of sustainability should playan increasing role in future urban dev MoreEco village design is a new field of knowledge still under development. It will be the physical manifestationof the unfolding of the ecovillage dream held by so many. It is generally agreed that concept of sustainability should playan increasing role in future urban development world-wide. In order to ensure ecological sustainability, cities around theworld have to decrease their environmental footprint. In this article, will try to find some principles of designing eco-villagesin Iran that have less environmental footprint. Two aspects are important in this regard: the decrease of energy consumptionand the decrease of waste products and its subsequent management. The concept of eco-village, despite having arguablylimited influence, does have the potential to serve as an alternative urban model. As relatively small experimentalcommunities, eco-villages are in the position to explore and apply novel solutions, the necessity of which is evident in theglobal concern for sustainability. Valuable practical lessons can be provided in the current for suitable urban development.In this article, some eco-villages around the world have been compared with each other and will suggested some solutionsfor designing eco-villages in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Analysis of Factors Affecting the Ecotourism Development
Masoomeh Shemshad Iraj Malek MohammadiThis research was carried out to investigate the role of natural resources cooperatives in ecotourismdevelopment. This was an analysis-descriptive study conducted through survey method. Statically population of study was123 members of the directors of these cooperatives MoreThis research was carried out to investigate the role of natural resources cooperatives in ecotourismdevelopment. This was an analysis-descriptive study conducted through survey method. Statically population of study was123 members of the directors of these cooperatives. A structured questionnaire was designed and distributed among thecooperative directors. Census technique was applied in this study. The validity of the questionnaires was proved by panel ofcounselors and experts of pastures and forests organization. In order to measuring the reliability of the questionnaires, apilot test was carried out. Result of Alfa-Cronbakh 87% for ecotourism development was obtained. In order to dataanalyzing was used SPSSwin15 software. Results of stepwise regression test showed that organizing service providers andtraining local population in cooperatives have positive effects on ecotourism development. Totally those factors explained50% of effective factors on measure of ecotourism development variable by natural resources cooperatives. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Investigating Sustainability Factors According to the Image of Iranian Bazar
Behzad Alipoor Sara RaeesolmohadesinThe aim of this paper is investigate the social sustainability of the bazaar according to viewpoint ofcitizens as the main owners. What factors are the main reasons for back to this place in the image of people. Bazaar is notonly a shopping center like modern commercial MoreThe aim of this paper is investigate the social sustainability of the bazaar according to viewpoint ofcitizens as the main owners. What factors are the main reasons for back to this place in the image of people. Bazaar is notonly a shopping center like modern commercial center in the city, but as one of the oldest urban spaces which is also activetoday, has an important role in shaping urban communities, creating interactions between citizens and has been known asthe center of economic exchange in the Iranian cities too. In this term, causes of obtaining this long-term’s stabilityaccording to the image of citizens is the main purpose of this paper. Methodology of the paper is Qualitative andquantitative. First we used questionnaire, then we had formal/informal interviews. Parameters of the questionnaire obtainedfrom studying samples and review main factors in creating bazaar. Findings show that “memorable” is the most importantfactor in viewpoints of people. “Responsibility”, “diversity”, “safety”, and “accessibility” are the other factors. Resultsexpress “economic dependence of cities and citizens is not the main reason for bazaar sustainability, there are moreimportant meaningful factors such memorable and diversity with determinant roles Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Social and Cultural Sustainability
Hengameh Haghi Hossein ZabihiOf building cultural centers in all communities and with any kind of attitude has always been one of the designers’issues. When we use the term in ordinary daily conversation, we often think of culture as an equivalent to the “higher things of themind” MoreOf building cultural centers in all communities and with any kind of attitude has always been one of the designers’issues. When we use the term in ordinary daily conversation, we often think of culture as an equivalent to the “higher things of themind”- art, literature, music and painting. According to sociologists, the concept of culture includes such activities, but also farmore. Culture can be conceptually distinguished from Society, but there are very close connections between these notions. Cultureconcerns to the “life Style” of the members of a given Society- their habits and customs, together with the stuffs they produce.Society refers to the system of interrelationship which connects the individuals who share a common culture. No culture couldexist without a society and no society could exist without culture, as well. Nature, as a sort of context for society has always beenthe catalyst for cultural issues. Architecture is considered as a link between man and environment around, which is a step forwardto close up the society, culture and nature. By considering human attitudes to nature and the principles of sustainability, GreenArchitecture, helps to expand the favorite Cultural themes for designers in such cultural centers. This paper aims to assess andanalyze the connection between society, culture and nature. Also, investigating this form of addressed sustainable cultural centersregarding the improvement of society in the case study of Cultural Center and Garden of Niavaran. It is prepared on the basis oflibrary-based phase of the research, case study method and observation for its field study phase. At the end, to sum up, the findingsof this study comprise the distinguishing characteristics, strengths and weaknesses of our case study and some efficient proposalshave been used to achieve sustainable development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Vernacular Architecture Values
Sasan KhatibiVernacular architecture has always had appropriate answer in conformity with the environment and climate.This paper has considered values of Iran vernacular urbanization and architecture in humid and moderate climate looking throughsustainability and sustainable develop MoreVernacular architecture has always had appropriate answer in conformity with the environment and climate.This paper has considered values of Iran vernacular urbanization and architecture in humid and moderate climate looking throughsustainability and sustainable development concepts. Gorgan city has been studied using laboratory studies and available sourcesand relying on the content analysis and values hidden in the vernacular architecture in humid and moderate region of GolestanProvince. Effects of weather on urban structure, landscape and views have been analyzed and considered in this regard in order toprovide designers with some strategies for their future designs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Evaluation of the Urban Settlement s Optimal System
Melika Mehriar Kianoosh Zaker HaghighiIn developing countries, the domination of peripheral and dependent capitalism relations and the lack ofappropriate structures and channels of attracting, this system have caused some kind of spatial-anatomic unbalances that hasresulted in the appearance of single citie MoreIn developing countries, the domination of peripheral and dependent capitalism relations and the lack ofappropriate structures and channels of attracting, this system have caused some kind of spatial-anatomic unbalances that hasresulted in the appearance of single cities with national and regional prevalence. This situation is the main reason for small,medium and intermediate cities to lose their role in the third-world countries and, therefore, for some kind of urban network toappear having consequences, especially at regional scales, like the deceleration or, in some cases, the stop of the dispersion of theexpected effects of development and the lack of a chain or network of settlement focuses connecting the settlement system of theregion together. The presented work has been planned to focusing on the study and analysis of the urban system of Hamadanprovince, Iran, with aims to present an appropriate pattern for mentioned province according to the common models and techniquesof urban system analyses and methods. Results showed that currently the urban system of Hamadan province is unbalanced;however, the analysis of this system at a regional scale could be useful in regional development management and planning.Nevertheless, it is necessary that the urban system is considered in relation to neighbor regions and national space and in systematicterms. Finally, improvement of systematic viewpoints in planning for urban system and Location and leveling of new activities andsettlement areas are recommended to be implemented in coincidence with the suggested urban system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Definition of Architecture
Afra GharibpourThis paper seeks to investigate a new definition for architecture by unifying the three Vitruvian principlesof firmitas, utilities, and venustas via a phenomenological approach in the interpretation and analysis of their role indefining architecture. The paper is compos MoreThis paper seeks to investigate a new definition for architecture by unifying the three Vitruvian principlesof firmitas, utilities, and venustas via a phenomenological approach in the interpretation and analysis of their role indefining architecture. The paper is composed in two main sections. The first section investigates the nature of architecturebased on the mentioned principles, where architecture is interpreted and analyzed in terms of its “thingly,” “equipmental,”and “artistic” characters. While it seems that architecture could be in view of its “thingness” alone, or “equip mentality”,or “artless”, but each perspective reveals only a dimension of the nature of architecture. Therefore, the second section ofthis paper focuses on unifying the Vitruvian Triad, attempting to define architecture from the single stance of “architecturality”the sphere from which architecture is seen as a way of disclosing the truth in the desired life of humans in an architecturalwork. In this definition, there is the simultaneous presence of thingness, equip mentality, and artless of architecture, thusestablishing an integral unity between the principles of the Vitruvian Triad. Thus, the three Vitruvian principles come tounify in architecture which is defined as “the manifestation of truth of human desired life in the work of architecture.” Thisdefinition also allows us to assume three fundamental principles for architecture, “truth of human desired life”, “work ofarchitecture” and “manifestation of truth”. These three principles are themselves, in fact, reflections of the threeVitruvian principles. Manuscript profile
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