Effects of Temperature Fluctuation and Air Aridity on Architecture(Case Study: Dastkand Village Located at Kerman Province)

Subject Areas : Urban Design

Zahra Barzegar ¹ , Nooshin Karimi ²

1 - Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Art and Architecture, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 - Ph.D., Department of Architecture, Shahre Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahre Rey, Iran

Received: 2012-04-02 Accepted : 2012-06-20 Published : 2013-06-01

Keywords: Climatic architecture, Local architecture, Meymand village, Kerman province, Materials, Earth-profiting,

Abstract :

Constructed upon a height (by footing) or breaking in to the ground, in a building, making a close relationbetween earth and soil is of great importance. In addition, earth as a prior factor in creation of a shade and residence, plays acrucial role in architecture history. Throughout the different area, earth is paid attention differently: as a source of cool (inChina), a source of heat (Cappadocia, Turkey), and conversely as an offensive source in Amazon forests. In hot-arid climates,proximity to earth is useful to apply the heat in the buildings. Present study aims to investigate the mentioned factor inDastkand village located at Kerman province. Mountainous moderate climate, cold and icy winters and moderate summers isof the considerable properties of the studied area. The maximum and minimum temperature was recorded, 42 and -18° C duringsummer and winter, respectively. Hence, in addition to cultural as well as economic factors, temperature fluctuation played akey role in breaking the buildings in to the ground. So, this study assists to investigate the studied area within natural bed, in planand section. On this basis, technical methods of earth profiting throughout the studied area have been investigated, in order toprofit earth in modern architecture. Results showed a harmony between dominant winds and buildings in winter and summer.Moreover, profiting from high sun shining with special architecture is of Meymand village characteristic. Using breaking in tothe ground technique, 26.57 % decrease occurred in cooling need, annually. On the other hand, Day-Degree heating need hasreduced to approximately 13.65 % annually solely by earth profiting technique. Overall, results demonstrate a harmonybetween applied technique and the studied region climate. Besides, there reported a proper isotropy between temperaturefluctuation and air aridity throughout the region.