Effects of Nutritional Systems on Early Weaned Lambs
Subject Areas : CamelM.S. Simeonov 1 * , D.L. Harmon 2
1 - Research Agricultural Institute, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
2 - Department of Animal and Food Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
Keywords: Nutrition, body weight, lambs, baits, pelleted protein concentrate, starter mixture,
Abstract :
The aim of this study was monitor the effect of inducement baits and to test four nutrition systems after early weaning lambs of Blackhead Pleven sheep breed. The experiment was conducted with 80 early weaned lambs. The study shown that during partial deprivation of milk (from 14 days of age), lambs intake more feed when an inducement is placed baits. In both groups, on the last day before weaning, the lambs intake over 100 g of concentrated feed, which proved sufficient and allowed the animals to be weaned at 19 days of age. Growth of animals after weaning is higher at fed on pelleted protein concentrate and barley grain (p <0.01). This is indicative of the fact that age and body weight do not influence the growth of early weaned lambs, but the kind of forages used. Studies shown that the early weaning of lambs at an average body weight of 8.80 and an age of 19.4 days kg allowed an additional 41.8 kg of milk per sheep to reach 15 -16 kg body weight of lambs.
Abbas S.F., Abd Allah M., Allam F.M. and Abon-Ella A.A. (2010). Growth performance of Rahmani and Chios lambs weaned at different ages. Australian J. Basic Appl. Sci. 4(7), 1583-1589.
Alcock D. (2006). Creep feeding lambs. Primefacts. 224, 1-4.
AOAC. (2007). Official Methods of Analysis. 18th Ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, Washington, DC., USA.
Askar A.R., Guada J.A., González J.M., de Vega A. and Castillo C. (2006). Diet selection by growing lambs offered whole barley and a protein supplement, free choice: Effects on performance and digestion. Livest. Sci. 101, 81-93.
Bimczok D., Röhl F.W. and Ganter M. (2005). Evaluation of lambs performance and cost in motherless rearing of German Grey Heath sheep under field conditions using automatic feeding systems. Small Rumin. Res. 60, 255-265.
Brown T.H. (1964). The early weaning of lambs. J. Agric. Sci. 63, 191-204.
Castrillo C., Guada J.A. and Gasa J. (1989). Effect of barley processing and straw supplementation on diet utilization by fattening lambs. Investig. Agrar. Prod. Sanid. Anim. 4, 111-119.
Cazes J.P., Vallade C. and Van Quackebeke E. (1990). Effect of concentrate on quality of subcutaneous tissue of lamb carcasses. World Rev. Anim. Prod. 25, 55-62.
Davies D.A.R., Lerman P.M. and Crosse M.M. (1974). Food preferences after weaning of artificially reared lambs. J. Agric. Sci. 82, 469-471.
Flamant J.C. and Ricordeau G. (1969). Adjustments between the ovary breeds Prealpes du Sud and Frisonne (East African Milk). I: The Oriental Fries Press Elavage in purebred. Use in crossings. Ann. Zootec. 18(2), 107-130.
Folman Y., Volcani R. and Eyal E. (1966). Mother-offspring relationships in Awassi. I: The effect of different suckling redimes and time of weaning on the lactation curve and milk yield in dairy flocks. J. Agric. Sci. 67, 359-368.
Frederiksen K.R., Jordan R.M. and Terrill C.E. (1980). Rearing Lambs on Milk Replacers. Farmers Bull. 2270. Science and Education Administration, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC., USA.
Göncü S., Boğa M., Kilic U., Görgü M. and Doran F. (2010). Effects of feeding regime without roughage and performances and rumen development of calves during pre-weaning period. J. Agric. Sci. 16, 123-128.
Heaney D.P., Shrestha J.N.B. and Peters H.F. (1984). Postweaning performance of artificially reared lambs weaned at 21 vs. 28 days of age under two post-weaning housing regimes. Canadian J. Anim. Sci. 64, 667-674.
Hinds F.C. (1972). Feeding for Growth from Early Weaning to Market. Intensive Management Symposium, Sheep Industry Development Program, Denver, Colorado.
Koenig K.M., Beauchemin K.A. and Rode L.M. (2003). Effect of grain processing and silage on microbial protein synthesis and nutrient digestibility in beef cattle fed barley-based diets. J. Anim. Sci. 81, 1057-1067.
Kyriazakis I. and Oldham J.D. (1993). Diet selection in sheep: The ability of growing lambs to select a diet that meets their crude protein (nitrogen×6.25) requirements. British J. Nutr. 69, 617-629.
Landa R., Mantecon A.R., Frutos P., Rodriguez A.B. and Giraldez F.J. (2001). Effect of type of cereal (barley vs. maize) on ingestion, weight gain and carcass characteristics of lambs fed on feed and straw or only on feed. ITEA Prod. Anim. 97(3), 204-216.
Large R. (1965). The effect of concentration of milk substitute on the performance of artificially reared lambs. Anim. Prod. 7, 325-332.
Neres M.A., Garcia C.A., Moneiro A.L.G., Costa C., Silveira A.C. and Rosa G.J.M. (2001). Alpha hair and physical form of the ratio, no pattern of cords in creep feeding. Rev. Bras. Zootec. 30(3), 941-947.
NRC. (2007). Nutrient Requirements of Sheep. National Academy Press, Washington, DC, USA.
Ørskov E.R. (1982). Protein Nutrition in Ruminants. Academic Press, London, United Kingdom.
Ørskov E.R., Fraser C. and McHattie I. (1974). Cereal processing and food utilization by sheep. 2. A note on the effect of feeding unprocessed barley, maize, oats and wheat on food utilization by early-weaned lambs. Anim. Prod. 18, 85-88.
Poe S., Glimp H., Deweese W. and Mitchell G. (1969). Effect of pro-weaning diet the growth and development of early-weaned lambs. J. Anim. Sci. 28, 401-405.
Ricordeau G. and Denamur R. (1962). Production laitière des bredis prélpes du Sud pendant les phases d’allaitement, de sevrage et de traite. Ann. Zootec. 11, 5-38.
Rodríguez A.B., Bodas R., Fernández B., López-Campos O., Mantecón A. and Giráldez F.J. (2007). Feed intake and performance of growing lambs raised on concentrate-based diets under cafeteria feeding systems. Anim. J. 1, 459-466.
Simeonov M. (2013). Effect of diferent methods of early weaning of lambs of dairy breeds and systems for feeding them. Ph D. Thesis. Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria.
Simeonov М., Todorov N., Krachunov I. and Ribarsci S. (2010). Study of starts for early weaned lambs of dairy breeds. Bulgarian J. Anim. Sci. 47(1), 84-95.
Simeonov M., Todorov N., Kirilov A. and Stoicheva I. (2013). Using baits for inurement lambs to dry feed at an early age. Bulgarian J. Anim. Sci. 50(1), 40-48.
Statistica. (2006). Statistica for Windows, StatSoft Inc., Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA.
Stoykova M., Kirilov A., Krachunov I. and Todorov N. (2009). Economic assessment of different variants for feeding of lambs weaned on the 30st days after birth. “Early weaning” economic effect. J. Mount. Agric. Balkans. 12, 349-360.
Ward Abou G.A. (2008). Effect of Pre-Weaning Diet on Lamb’s Rumen Development. American-Eurasian J. Agric. Environ. Sci. 3(4), 561-567.