مقایسه ویژگی‌های شخصیتی و هوش هیجانی افراد وابسته به اینترنت و ناوابسته به اینترنت برحسب جنسیت
محورهای موضوعی :سیده پریسا باقریان 1 , مالک میرهاشمی 2 , رحیم داوری 3
1 - دانشجوی دکترای روانشناسی، گروه روانشناسی، واحد رودهن، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، رودهن، ایران
2 - دانشيار گروه روانشناسي، واحد رودهن، دانشگاه آزاداسلامي، رودهن، ايران
3 - دانشيار گروه روانشناسي، واحد رودهن، دانشگاه آزاداسلامي، رودهن، ايران.
کلید واژه: اعتیاد به اینترنت, روان نژندگرایی, برونگرایی, تجربه پذیری, خوشایندی و وجدانی بودن, هوش هیجانی, جنسیت.,
چکیده مقاله :
وابستگی به اینترنت در نوجوانان یکی از اعتیادهای جدید در جوامع مدرن محسوب می شود. لذا هدف این پژوهش، مقایسه ویژگی‌های پنج عامل شخصیت و هوش هیجانی در نوجوانان وابسته به اینترنت و ناوابسته به اینترنت بر حسب جنسیت در تهران بود. این پژوهش یک مطالعه علی ـ مقایسه ای است. جامعه آماری این پژوهش، تمامی دانش‌آموزان دختر و پسر نوجوان در شهر تهران در سال 1401 بودند که از طریق نمونه‌گیری تصادفی خوشه‌ای، 360 نفر انتخاب شدند. ابزار جمع‌اوری داده‌ها پرسشنامههای اعتیاد به اینترنت یانگ (1996) و فرم کوتاه ویژگی‌های شخصیتی نئو(1989) و هوش هیجانی شات و همکاران (1998) بود. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها به وسیله نرم افزار آماری SPSS 27 انجام شد. یافته‌ها نشان دادند که بین نوجوانان پسر وابسته و ناوابسته به اینترنت از نظر ویژگی شخصیتی روان نژندگرایی (05/0>P) تفاوت معناداری وجود داشت؛ اما از نظر ویژگی‌های برونگرایی، تجربه پذیری، خوشایندی و وجدانی بودن تفاوت معناداری وجود نداشت (05/0<P). در مورد دختران نوجوان وابسته و ناوابسته به اینترنت نیز از نظر ویژگی‌های شخصیتی برونگرایی و وجدانی بودن (01/0>P) تفاوت معناداری وجودد داشت، ولی از نظر روان نژندگرایی، تجربه‌پذیری و خوشایندی تفاوت معناداری وجود نداشت (05/0<P). در نتیجه می‌توان گفت وابستگی به اینترنت تأثیرات متفاوتی بر ویژگی‌های شخصیتی و هوش هیجانی نوجوانان دارد و این تأثیرات به جنسیت وابسته است. درک این تفاوت‌ها می‌تواند به مشاوران و روان‌شناسان در طراحی برنامه‌های مداخله‌ای مناسب برای هر جنسیت کمک کند.
Internet addiction in adolescents is considered one of the new addictions in modern societies. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the characteristics of the Big Five personality traits and emotional intelligence in internet-dependent and non-dependent adolescents based on gender in Tehran. This research is a causal-comparative study. The statistical population of this research consisted of all male and female adolescent students in Tehran in the year 2022, from which 360 individuals were selected using cluster random sampling. The data collection tools were the Young Internet Addiction Questionnaire (1996), the short form of the NEO Personality Inventory (1989), and the Schutte Emotional Intelligence Scale (1998). Data analysis was performed using SPSS 27. The findings showed that there was a significant difference between internet-dependent and non-dependent adolescent boys in terms of the neuroticism personality trait (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in terms of extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness (P>0.05). In terms of adolescent girls, there was a significant difference between internet-dependent and non-dependent groups in terms of the personality traits of extraversion and conscientiousness (P<0.01), but there was no significant difference in terms of neuroticism, openness to experience, and agreeableness (P>0.05). In conclusion, internet dependence has different effects on the personality traits and emotional intelligence of adolescents, and these effects are gender-dependent. Understanding these differences can help counselors and psychologists design appropriate intervention programs for each gender.
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