بررسی جایگاه و اهمیت دروس پایداری رشتۀ معماری در مقطع کارشناسی
محورهای موضوعی : معماریجواد احمدی 1 , محسن فیضی 2 , معصومه احمدی 3
1 - کارشناس ارشد معماری پایدار، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران
2 - استاد دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران
3 - کارشناس ارشد معماری، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.
کلید واژه: آموزش, معماری, پایداری زیست محیطی, دروس, اصلاح,
چکیده مقاله :
آموزش معماری پایدار به دنبال تربیت دانشجویانی بامهارت جهت طراحی ساختمآنهایی با بهره‌وری انرژی بالاست که شرایط حاضر بروز مشکلات محیط‌زیستی، توجهات فراوانی به‌سوی خود جلب کرده است. پرسش این پژوهش این‌است‌که در دانشگاه‌های کشور تا چه حد به مباحث پایداری و دروس تدوین شده در ساختار آموزشی اهمیت داده می‌شود؟ و مشکلات حاضر به چه حوزه‌هایی مربوط‌‌اند ؟ راه حل را می‌توان در محتوای دروس مربوط به طبیعت و انرژی دید که بایستی مورد توجه قرار گیرند. هدف این پژوهش کیفی‌موردی با رویکرد کیفی‌تفسیری، در مقطع کارشناسی معماری، بررسی اهمیت و جایگاه دروس پایداری است و با به‌کارگیری روش اسنادی، به مقایسه تطبیقی دروس مصوب وزارت علوم کشور با سه دانشگاه موفق خارج کشور، از لحاظ آموزش پایداری پرداخته تا مشکلات وپیشنهادات مربوطه را استحراج نماید. نتیجه این بررسی نشان داد که مباحث پایداری در کشور از جایگاه لازم برخوردار نبوده و بازنگری دروس ضروری به نظر می‌رسد.
Education of sustainable architecture seeks proficiencies for students in order to design buildings with high energy efficiency since in current situation; environmental problems have attracted a lot of attention. Studies all over the world, demonstrate that the best way of saving energy through architecture is designing buildings with high energy efficiency in the light of appropriate and reasonable education. Studies all over the world have suggested that in order to reduce effects of pollutions caused by non-appropriated architecture, education and presenting main solutions for improving its methods should be considered as educational program or educational method. This education usually starts from undergraduate programs. But in Iran all efforts are summarized in one or two-credit courses and this is inadequate for gathering knowledge about new energies for bachelors. So, it seems that cognition of current situation and deficiencies is necessary. The main question of this study is that, to what extent sustainable subjects take into consideration in Iranian universities’ Curriculum and to what context the current problems are related. The solution could be found in the content of subjects related to nature and energy. Today, with an emphasis on sustainable development and coexistence with the environment, education of various sectors of applied science have found their direction and the result of this attitude can be seen in educational system of developed countries. Education can have the most important role in promoting and improving environmental sustainability issues and implementing them correctly. Educating sustainability topics is a new field which has only a little part of common educational courses. The purpose of this qualitative case study is investigating the importance and placement of environmental sustainability subjects, since educating sustainability topics is a new field which has only a little part of common educational courses in Iran. In other words, this case study research tries to investigate the importance and position of courses related to sustainability and their application in architectural design projects. Using attributive method, we compare the subjects approved by the Ministry of Science, with three successful foreign universities in terms of education of environmental sustainability, in order to extracting problems and presenting suggestions. Results indicate that students’ level of satisfaction about the content and applicability of issues related to environmental sustainability in undergraduate curriculum is low and sustainability topics does not have appropriate position in educational system of architecture, so it is necessary to review the presentation of these courses. It seems that, new topics and courses such as energy economy and energy policies should be considered for architects and engineers in order to cover the main subjects in energy decision makings. Because sustainable architecture is a pervasive issue and is not only dedicated to issue of reducing energy and materials consumption. There are fields like architectural technology, green architecture, smart architecture and also environmental design, behavioral architecture, economy-oriented architecture and so on. The seminal result of this study revealed the academic education in the bachelor of architecture needs to be more attended than before especially in the terms of sustainability.... Keywords: Educations, Architecture, Environmental sustainability, Courses, Revise.
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