بررسی تأثیر ارزش‌های فرهنگی بر ارتقاء راندمان عملکردی فضا در خانههای روستایی با تکیه بر نقش الگوهای رفتاری
محورهای موضوعی : معماری
علی اکبر حیدری
1
(استادیار معماری، عضو هیئت‌علمی دانشکده فنی و مهندسی دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران .)
مریم کیایی
2
(دکتری معماری مدرس گروه معماری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد قزوین، قزوین، ایران.)
کلید واژه: خانه روستایی, راندمان عملکردی, فرهنگ, الگوهای رفتاری,
چکیده مقاله :
عملکرد مطلوب فضا، موضوعی است که تحت تأثیر شرایط مختلفی شکل می گیرد. در همین ارتباط الگوهای رفتاری و نظام های فعالیتی جاری در یک فضا ازجمله مواردی هستند که بر کیفیت عملکردی آن تأثیر زیادی دارند و این موارد نیز تا حد زیای تابع شرایط و هنجارهای فرهنگی حاکم بر جامعه هستند. بر همین اساس می توان به ارتباط میان ارزش های فرهنگی و کیفیت استفاده از فضا پی برد. لذا پژوهش حاضر باهدف تحلیل نقش ارزش های فرهنگی در ارتقا راندمان عملکردی خانه ها به تحلیل دو نمونه از خانه های بومی روستایی پرداخته است. روش مورداستفاده در این تحقیق ترکیبی از روش های کمی و کیفی است و از نرم افزار Depthmap و نیز روش تحلیل محتوا به‌منظور تحلیل داده ها استفاده‌شده است. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که وجود ارزش های فرهنگی، با تأثیر بر الگوهای رفتاری و نحوه چیدمان فضاها در محیط داخلی خانه، بر ارتقاء راندمان بهینه ی عملکردی فضا تأثیرگذار بوده است.
Culture is a set of values that exists in a community or a nation and reflects the approach, think, believe, behaviors, and lifestyle of people. The notion of public culture refers to the common values that are common in society. These values are in the domain of thinking, belief, views, and structural aspects, as well as practical aspects such as the behavior and lifestyle of human beings, and are characterized by being collective and transformative. The views of some theoreticians in the field of housing and culture, especially traditional and rural housing, reflect the significant impact of culture on the physical aspects of space and current behavior patterns. On the one hand, Rapoport believes that from a far past, home for man has been more than shelter, and spiritual and religious aspects are fully evident throughout the construction process of the houses until it is established and used. On the other hand, the influence of cultural factors along with factors such as climate, building techniques, indigenous materials and etc., on the formation of the physical-spatial structure of the house is undeniable, and in some of its traditional types, the arrangement of various organs it significantly affects. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of cultural values on the formation of behavioral patterns in the home environment. Behavioral patterns are also dependent on the function and form of the house, which its proper shape has led to enhance the performance of the space function. The process of this research is defined in four stages. In the first stage, several cultural indicators were extracted as a sample of related literature and the behavioral dimensions associated with them were explained in the home environment. In the next step, the components of functional performance were investigated. These components were extracted through "space syntax" indicators and the collected data was evaluated and analyzed by "Depthmap" software used in the space layout method. The third stage consists of extracting the theoretical framework of research in which the relationship between elements of architecture affecting the functional efficiency and cultural values prevailing on the way of life is explained and, finally, in the fourth stage in order to demonstrate the hypothesis that the impact of the cultural values governing the lives of people on enhancing the performance of space in the home, the above are tested in two examples of rural - traditional homes. The results showed that the existence of cultural and spiritual values, in addition to the impacts on behavioral patterns and the arrangement of spaces in the internal environment, is also effective on improving the optimum functional performance of space in traditional homes and specifically rural settlements. Therefore, the goal of this study is to answer this question, “How can one affect the use of cultural values of inhabitants in the architecture of houses on formation of some behavioral and structural-physical forms in homes?”, In other words, can these behaviors lead to proper functioning of homes by adjusting the relationships of individuals in space?
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