تحلیل حساسیت انتشار آلودگی هوای یک کارخانه فولاد نسبت به جهت باد غالب
محورهای موضوعی :
آلودگی هوا
زهرا منصوریان
1
(کارشناس ارشد آلودگی محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و کویر شناسی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران)
فرهاد نژاد کورکی
2
(دانشیار، گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و کویر شناسی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات))
تاریخ دریافت : 1401/09/05
تاریخ پذیرش : 1402/01/17
تاریخ انتشار : 1402/04/01
کلید واژه:
آلودگی هوا,
AERMOD,
کارخانه فولاد,
ذرات معلق,
باد غالب,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: صنعت فولاد نقش اساسی در اقتصاد ملی و رفاه جوامع دارد و لذا توسعه این صنعت، عاملی اثربخش در توسعه سایر بخش‌های اقتصادی، صنعتی، علمی و اجتماعی کشور به شمار می رود. از طرفی، مکان یابی های غلط و بارگذاری بیش از حد در صنعت فولاد، منجر به ایجاد مشکلات محیط زیستی توسط این صنعت شده است. جهت وزش بادها و شرایط تلاطمی و شارهای درون جو مجاور سطح زمین از مهم ترین عوامل جوی موثر در الگوی پراکنش و پخش انواع آلاینده های هوا پس از خروج از منابع انتشارات آن هاست. هدف از این مطالعه مدل سازی پخش آلودگی هوای کارخانه فولاد و تعیین نقاط بیشینه غلظت ناشی از کارخانه در شرایط وزش باد غالب می باشد.
روش بررسی: در این رابطه با استفاده از داده های هواشناسی یک دوره 5 ساله از ایستگاه هواشناسی سینوپتیک نزدیک به منطقه مورد مطالعه، شرایط وزش بادهای غالب منطقه، گلباد سالیانه و فصلی توسط نرم افزار AERMET مدل سازی شد. سنجش پارامترها و آلاینده های خروجی از دودکش، میزان ذرات معلق به عنوان مهم-ترین آلاینده در منطقه نمونه برداری شده و سپس به کمک مدل AERMOD، مدل سازی پخش و پراکنش ذرات در مناطق و مراکز جمعیتی اطراف محدوده کارخانه فولاد شهرستان اردکان در دو بازه زمانی 24 ساعته و 6 روزه تحلیل شد.
یافته ها: نتایج نشان می دهد بادهای غالب در این منطقه در جهت شمال، شمال غربی و جنوب شرقی هستند و بیش ترین مقادیر آلودگی مربوط به فواصل 5000 تا20000 متری از محل دودکش ها و در راستای شمال و شمال غربی می باشد که هم جهت با باد غالب منطقه هستند. هم چنین مقدار آلودگی در هوای منطقه ناشی از خروجی های دودکش کارخانه در مقیاس زمانی 24 ساعته پایین تر از حد استاندارد هوای پاک است.
بحث و نتیجه گیری: در این مطالعه، میزان کارایی مدل AERMOD در مدیریت و کنترل بهتر آلاینده‌های هوا و کاهش اثرات سوء بر محیط زیست بررسی شده و راهکارهای مناسب برای کنترل و کاهش آلودگی‌‌های حاصل از کارخانه و افزایش کیفیت هوای منطقه ارایه می شود.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objective: wrong locations and overloading in the steel industry have led to the creation of environmental problems by this industry. Wind direction, turbulent conditions and fluxes in the atmosphere near the earth's surface are among the most important atmospheric factors affecting the distribution pattern of air pollutants after leaving their emission sources. The purpose of this study is to model the spread of air pollution in a steel factory under prevailing wind conditions.
Material and Methodology: Using meteorological data, prevailing wind conditions, annual and seasonal windrose were modeled by AERMET software. Suspended particles as the most important pollutant in the area of the steel factory were sampled and then analyzed with using the AERMOD model, particle diffusion and dispersion modeling in two time periods of 24 hours and 6 days.
Findings: The prevailing winds in this region are in the north, northwest, and southeast directions, and the highest amount of pollution is related to distances of 5000 to 20000 meters from the location of the chimneys and in the direction of the prevailing wind in the region. Also, the amount of air pollution caused by the factory chimney on a 24-hour time scale is lower than the clean air standard.
Discussion and Conclusion: In this study, the effectiveness of the AERMOD model in the direction of better management and control of air pollutants and reduction of adverse effects on the environment is investigated, and appropriate solutions to reduce pollution are provided.
منابع و مأخذ:
Shamsipour, A., Ashrafi, A., Alikhah Asl, M., Ashrafi, Kh. (1394). Modeling the dispersion pattern of suspended particles in the southern region of Tehran (case study: Tehran cement factory). Environmental Journal, 4(14): 814-799.
Bani Naimah, Samia., Rafiei, Massoud., Karimi, Siros., Rasakh, Abdurrahman. (2016). Estimation of the distribution of pollutants released from mobile sources of air pollution (study area: Ahvaz). Environmental Science and Technology Quarterly. 19 (Special Letter No. 5). 67-76.
Sun, W., Zhou, Y., Lv, J., Wu, J. (2019). Assessment of multi-air emissions: Case of particulate matter (dust), SO2, NOx and CO2 from iron and steel industry of China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 232: 350-358.
Crowl, D. A., & Louvar, J. F. (2001). Chemical process safety: fundamentals with applications. Pearson Education.
Khebari, Z., Nejadkorki, F., Talebi, Sh. (1395). Development of air pollution distribution (AERMOD) in MATLAB software. Journal of Natural Environment (Natural Resources of Iran), 69(2): 377-399.
Noorpoor, A. Rahman, H. (2015). Application of AERMOD to local scale diffusion and dispersion modeling of air pollutants from cement factory stacks (Case study: Abyek Cement Factory). Pollution, 1 (4):417-426.
Atabaki, M., Sakhaei, M., Hoveidi, H., Poteh Rigi, M., Karimi Menesh, E. (2016). Investigating changes in the concentration of PM10 particles and the influence of meteorological parameters on it in 2013 (case study: Zahedan city). Journal of Environmental Health Research, 3(3).
Shamsipour, Ali Akbar, Hosseinpour, Zainab, & Najibzadeh, Fahima. (2012). Thermodynamic modeling and synoptic analysis of air pollution in Tehran city (PM10 suspended particles). Climatology Research. (12): 77-95.
Najafpoor AA, Joneidi Jafari A, Dousti S. Trend analysis of Air Quality Index criteria pollutants (CO, NO2, SO2, PM10 and O3) concentration changes in Tehran metropolis and its relationship with meteorological data, 2001-2009. (2014). Journal of Health in the Field. 3(2): 26-17.
Ahmadi H, Ahmadi T, Shahmoradi B, Mohammadi S, Kohzadi S. The effect of climatic parameters on air pollution in Sanandaj, Iran. (2015). Journal of Advances in Environmental Health Research. 3(1): 61-49.
Masoudi M, Sakhaei M, Behzadi F, Jokar P. Status of PM10 as an air pollutant and its prediction using meteorological parameters in Tehran, Iran. Fresenius environmental bulletin 2016; 25(6): 2017-2008.
Mignanou Amouzouvi, Y., Mikesokpo Dzagli, M., Sagna, K., Török, Z., Andreea Roba, C., Mereuţă, A., Ozunu, A., Sidéra Edjame, K. (2020). Evaluation of Pollutants Along the National Road N2 in Togo using the AERMOD Dispersion Model. Journal of Health and Pollution, 10(27): 1-11. Kalher, M., and Qala Asgari, S., and Magregi, M. (2017). Performance of AERMET preprocessor in calculating boundary layer parameters and investigating its impact on carbon monoxide concentration outputs in AERMOD model compared to upper atmosphere data. Health and Environment, 11(3), 365-376.
Venkatram, A., Brode, R., Cimorelli, A., Lee, R., Paine, R., Perry, S., Peters, W., Weil, J., Wilson, R., (2001), A complex terrain dispersion model for regulatory applications‖. Journalof Atmospheric Environment, 35, 4211–4221.
Ghiyathuddin, M, 2015, air pollution, Tehran University Press.
Salahi, Broumand, Behrouzi, Mahmoud. (2022). Evaluation of the distribution of air pollution from the chimneys of Tabriz oil refinery using the AERMOD model. Earth science research. Anwari, A. (1400), Modeling of xNO pollutant distribution using AERMOD software in Assalouye Combined Cycle Power Plant, 7th International Conference on Environmental Engineering and Natural Resources, Tehran.
Noorpoor, A. Rahman, H. (2015). Application of AERMOD to local scale diffusion and dispersion modeling of air pollutants from cement factory stacks (Case study: Abyek Cement Factory). Pollution, 1 (4):417-426.
Shamsipour, A., Ashrafi, A., Alikhah Asl, M., Ashrafi, Kh. (2015). Modeling the dispersion pattern of suspended particles in the southern region of Tehran (case study: Tehran cement factory). Environmental Journal, 4(14): 814-799. Maqsoodlou, M., Rashidi, Y. (2017). Modeling the emission of airborne particles with emphasis on the AERMOD model, the first international conference on the application of engineering sciences in the development and progress of Iran 1404, Mashhad.
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Shamsipour, A., Ashrafi, A., Alikhah Asl, M., Ashrafi, Kh. (1394). Modeling the dispersion pattern of suspended particles in the southern region of Tehran (case study: Tehran cement factory). Environmental Journal, 4(14): 814-799.
Bani Naimah, Samia., Rafiei, Massoud., Karimi, Siros., Rasakh, Abdurrahman. (2016). Estimation of the distribution of pollutants released from mobile sources of air pollution (study area: Ahvaz). Environmental Science and Technology Quarterly. 19 (Special Letter No. 5). 67-76.
Sun, W., Zhou, Y., Lv, J., Wu, J. (2019). Assessment of multi-air emissions: Case of particulate matter (dust), SO2, NOx and CO2 from iron and steel industry of China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 232: 350-358.
Crowl, D. A., & Louvar, J. F. (2001). Chemical process safety: fundamentals with applications. Pearson Education.
Khebari, Z., Nejadkorki, F., Talebi, Sh. (1395). Development of air pollution distribution (AERMOD) in MATLAB software. Journal of Natural Environment (Natural Resources of Iran), 69(2): 377-399.
Noorpoor, A. Rahman, H. (2015). Application of AERMOD to local scale diffusion and dispersion modeling of air pollutants from cement factory stacks (Case study: Abyek Cement Factory). Pollution, 1 (4):417-426.
Atabaki, M., Sakhaei, M., Hoveidi, H., Poteh Rigi, M., Karimi Menesh, E. (2016). Investigating changes in the concentration of PM10 particles and the influence of meteorological parameters on it in 2013 (case study: Zahedan city). Journal of Environmental Health Research, 3(3).
Shamsipour, Ali Akbar, Hosseinpour, Zainab, & Najibzadeh, Fahima. (2012). Thermodynamic modeling and synoptic analysis of air pollution in Tehran city (PM10 suspended particles). Climatology Research. (12): 77-95.
Najafpoor AA, Joneidi Jafari A, Dousti S. Trend analysis of Air Quality Index criteria pollutants (CO, NO2, SO2, PM10 and O3) concentration changes in Tehran metropolis and its relationship with meteorological data, 2001-2009. (2014). Journal of Health in the Field. 3(2): 26-17.
Ahmadi H, Ahmadi T, Shahmoradi B, Mohammadi S, Kohzadi S. The effect of climatic parameters on air pollution in Sanandaj, Iran. (2015). Journal of Advances in Environmental Health Research. 3(1): 61-49.
Masoudi M, Sakhaei M, Behzadi F, Jokar P. Status of PM10 as an air pollutant and its prediction using meteorological parameters in Tehran, Iran. Fresenius environmental bulletin 2016; 25(6): 2017-2008.
Mignanou Amouzouvi, Y., Mikesokpo Dzagli, M., Sagna, K., Török, Z., Andreea Roba, C., Mereuţă, A., Ozunu, A., Sidéra Edjame, K. (2020). Evaluation of Pollutants Along the National Road N2 in Togo using the AERMOD Dispersion Model. Journal of Health and Pollution, 10(27): 1-11. Kalher, M., and Qala Asgari, S., and Magregi, M. (2017). Performance of AERMET preprocessor in calculating boundary layer parameters and investigating its impact on carbon monoxide concentration outputs in AERMOD model compared to upper atmosphere data. Health and Environment, 11(3), 365-376.
Venkatram, A., Brode, R., Cimorelli, A., Lee, R., Paine, R., Perry, S., Peters, W., Weil, J., Wilson, R., (2001), A complex terrain dispersion model for regulatory applications‖. Journalof Atmospheric Environment, 35, 4211–4221.
Ghiyathuddin, M, 2015, air pollution, Tehran University Press.
Salahi, Broumand, Behrouzi, Mahmoud. (2022). Evaluation of the distribution of air pollution from the chimneys of Tabriz oil refinery using the AERMOD model. Earth science research. Anwari, A. (1400), Modeling of xNO pollutant distribution using AERMOD software in Assalouye Combined Cycle Power Plant, 7th International Conference on Environmental Engineering and Natural Resources, Tehran.
Noorpoor, A. Rahman, H. (2015). Application of AERMOD to local scale diffusion and dispersion modeling of air pollutants from cement factory stacks (Case study: Abyek Cement Factory). Pollution, 1 (4):417-426.
Shamsipour, A., Ashrafi, A., Alikhah Asl, M., Ashrafi, Kh. (2015). Modeling the dispersion pattern of suspended particles in the southern region of Tehran (case study: Tehran cement factory). Environmental Journal, 4(14): 814-799. Maqsoodlou, M., Rashidi, Y. (2017). Modeling the emission of airborne particles with emphasis on the AERMOD model, the first international conference on the application of engineering sciences in the development and progress of Iran 1404, Mashhad.
