مدلسازی انتشار و پخش آلاینده‌های هوا در پایانه مسافربری بیهقی تهران تحت سناریوهای گوناگون
محورهای موضوعی :
آلودگی هوا
مریم کریمی
1
,
فرزام بابایی
2
,
هومن بهمن‌پور
3
,
علی محمدی
4
,
محمدرضا تابش
5
1 - دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت محیط‌زیست، گروه مدیریت محیط‌زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط‌زیست، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
2 - گروه مدیریت محیط‌زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط‌زیست، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - گروه محیط‌زیست، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، واحد شاهرود، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شاهرود، ایران.
4 - گروه مدیریت محیط‌زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط‌زیست، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
5 - گروه مدیریت محیط‌زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط‌زیست، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
تاریخ دریافت : 1401/07/02
تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/11/25
تاریخ انتشار : 1402/07/01
کلید واژه:
آلودگی هوا,
ذرات معلق,
پایانه مسافربری,
شبیه‌سازی انتشار,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: هدف از این تحقیق سنجش آلاینده‌های هوا (اختصاصاً ذرات معلق) در پایانه بیهقی تهران و مدلسازی انتشار این آلاینده تحت شرایط گوناگون است.
روش بررسی: به منظور سنجش آلاینده ذرات معلق با قطر 10 میکرون (PM10) از دستگاه پرتابل مدل Grimm 108/109 استفاده شد. در نقاط انتخاب شده، نمونه‌برداری به صورت ماهی یک مرتبه در طول سال و سه روز در ماه و 3 بار در روز انجام گرفت که عمل نمونه‌برداری در زمان‌های مختلف روز یعنی صبح، ظهر و غروب با توجه به افزایش و کاهش تردد وسایط نقلیه انجام گرفت و به منظور مدلسازی از نرم‌افزار Austal view, version 7 استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که غلظت سنجش شده در فصول پاییز و زمستان بالاتر از ششماهه ابتدایی سال بوده است. از آنجا که در استاندارد سازمان جهانی بهداشت، حد مجاز روزانه برای این آلاینده 50 میکروگرم بر مترمکعب می‌باشد، می‌توان دریافت که در سناریو اول، در برخی محدوده‌ها (فاصله‌های کمتر از 300 متر از مبدا)، غلظت آلاینده فراتر از استاندارد بوده است. مابقی محدوده‌ها در حد استاندارد قرار دارند. در سناریو دوم و براساس ضریب کاهش انتشار 70 درصدی، مشخص گردید که تمام مناطق در محدوده استاندارد قرار دارند.
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: در نهایت، کاهش زمان توقف خودروها، عدم روشن بودن درجا و استفاده از فیلترهای جاذب اگزوز کمک شایانی به کاهش انتشار آلاینده ذرات معلق می‌نماید.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objective: The purpose of this research is to measure air pollutants (especially PM10) in Beyhaqi Terminal of Tehran and to model the release of this pollutant under various conditions.
Material and Methodology: In order to measure the pollutant of suspended particles with a diameter of 10 microns (PM10), a portable device model Grimm 108/109 was used. In the selected points, sampling was done once a month during the year, three days a month and 3 times a day, and the sampling was done at different times of the day, i.e. morning, noon and evening, according to the increase and decrease of vehicle traffic. And for the purpose of modeling, Austal view, version 7 software was used.
Findings: The results showed that the concentration measured in the autumn and winter seasons was higher than the first six months of the year. Since in the standard of the World Health Organization, the daily limit for this pollutant is 50 micrograms per cubic meter, it can be seen that in the first scenario, in some areas (distances less than 300 meters from the source), the concentration of the pollutant exceeded the standard. The rest of the ranges are within the standard range. In the second scenario and based on the emission reduction factor of 70%, it was determined that all areas are within the standard range.
Discussion and Conclusion: Finally, reducing the stopping time of cars, not turning on lights and using exhaust absorbent filters will help to reduce the emission of suspended particles.
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Arnesano, M, Revel, G., M, Seri, F, A. (2016). Tool for the optimal sensor placement to optimize temperature monitoring in large sports spaces, www.elsevier.com/locate/envres, 2016, Automation in Construction 68 (2016) 223–234
O’Reilly, Norm, Berger, Ida E, Hernandez, Tony, Parent, Milena M, Se´guin, Benoit. (2015). Urban sports capes: An environmental deterministic perspective on the management of youth sport participation, Www.Elsevier .com /lo cate/s m r,Sport Management Review,2015 ,18, 291–307
WHO. (2018). World Health Organization. Effects of air pollution on children's health and development: a review of the evidence. No. EUR/05/5046027. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe, 2018.
WB. (2015). Air pollution cost in global, World Bank Reports, www.worldbank.org/en/.../air-pollution-deaths-cost-global-economy
WHO. (2017). Air quality and health, www.who.int. Retrieved 2011-11-26.
Rohani, A., Tayebi Sani, S.M., Morsal, B., Bahmanpour, H. (2017). Spatial assessment and environmental sustainability assessment of Tehran Shemiran sports complexes in relation to air pollution zoning: towards sustainable development and environmental protection, Quarterly of Geography (Regional Planning). 2017; Vol 8, No 1, 215-236 pp. www.geography.journals.iau-garmsar.ac.ir › article_663739
Bahmanpour, H., Naghibi, H., Abdi, H. (2021), Environmental risk of carbon monoxide pollutants in outdoor sports and recreational spaces in Tehran, Geographical Research Quarterly, Volume 36, Number 2, 165-155 pp.
TAQCC. (2018). Teharan air quality control Company. Report of Tehranz, Tehran Municipality, Nashr-e- Shahr. pp 265.
Qiasedin, M. (2015). Air pollution and control, University of Tehran Press, 380 p.
Tavassoli, M., Afshari, A., Arsene, A.L., Mégarbane, B., Dumanov, J., Bastos Paoliello, M.M., Tsatsakis, A., Carvalho, F., Hashemzaei, M., Karimi, G., Rezaee, R. (2019). Toxicological profile of Amanita virosa – a narrative review, Toxicol. Rep. 6, 143–150, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.01.002.eCollection 2019.
Asilian, H. (2013). Air pollution, Sobhan publication, 3th edt, 152 p.
Bahmanpour, H. (2017). Content of environmental education for members of Islamic councils of cities and villages, the Office of Education and Public Participation of the Environmental Protection Organization.
Mohaghegh, SH., Hajian, M. (2013). Air pollution and sport, Scientific Journal of the Organization of the Medical System of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Volume 31, Number 3, Fall 2013: 239-249
Tabrizian, K., Shahriari, A., Rezaee, R., Jahantigh, H., Bagheri, G., Tsarouhas, K., Docea, A.O., Tsatsakis, A., Hashemzaei, M. (2019). Cardioprotective effects of insulin on carbon monoxide-induced toxicity in male rats, Hum. Exp. Toxicol. 38 (2019) 148–154, https://doi.org/10.1177/0960327118788134.
Buga, A.M., Docea, A.O., Albu, C., Malin, R.D., Branisteanu, D.E., Ianosi, G., Ianosi, S.L., Iordache, A., Calina, D. (2019). Molecular and cellular stratagem of brain metastases associated with melanoma, Oncol. Lett. 17 (2019) 4170–4175, https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.9933.
Mattiuzzi, C., Lippi, G. (2019). Worldwide epidemiology of carbon monoxide poisoning, Hum. Exp. Toxicol. (2019), https://doi.org/10.1177/09603271119891214.
Can, G., Sayili, U., Sayman, Ö.A., Kuyumcu, Ö.F., Yilmaz, D., Esen, E., Yurtseven, E., Erginöz, E. (2019). Mapping of carbon monoxide related death risk in Turkey: a ten-year analysis based on news agency records, BMC Public Health 19 (2019) 9, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-6342-4.
Bahmanpour, H., Askari Rabori, A., Gholami, M. (2013). The qualitative and quantitative evaluation of urban parks and green spaces in city of Tehran, Advances in Environmental Biology, American-Eurasian Network for Scientific Information, Vol. 7, Issue. 11, 3474-3481 pp. http://www.aensiweb.com/old/aeb/2013/3474-3480.pdf
Fathtabar Firoozjaei, S., Sheikh, A.A., Rangzan, K., Chinipardaz, R. (2011). Zoning of air pollutants using statistical models and GIS techniques. Case Study (Tehran), Fifth Specialized Conference on Environmental Engineering, Tehran.
Mansoori, N., Ghasemabadi, N. (2011). Field determination of air pollutants and PSI index in Tehran city bus stops, Quarterly Journal of Man and Environment, No. 19, Winter 90, 12 p.
Yekpai Najafabadi, A., Haji Seyed Mirzahoseini, S.A., Mohammadi, A. (2021). Evaluation of the amount of gaseous pollutants and airborne particles in the internal terminals of Tehran Bus Company, J. Env. Sci. Tech., Vol 22, No.12, March, 2021
Bahrami, A. (2017). Air pollution control engineering methods, Tehran, Fanavaran, 303 p.
Tawakli, A. (2017). Assessment of the level of suspended particles and sound level in underground terminals - Isfahan Majlesi Park, Journal of Health and Environment, Volume 11, Number 1, pp. 137-148.
Shafipoor Motlagh, M., Pardakhti, A., Mojezi, M. (2015). Risk Assessment of Air Pollutants Emissions in Beihaghi Terminal by Modeling, Study on Environment, 9 (41), 1, 97-105 pp.
Ramezani, A., Shabankhoo, H. (2013). Management of environmental damage reduction of passenger terminals in west of Tehran, Journal of human and the environment, No. 26, 37-61 pp.
IRIMO. (2021). WWW.IRIMO.ORG
NIOSH. (2014). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
(2019). Air quality and health, www.who.int. Retrieved 2017. https://www.who.int/
USEPA. (2004). An examination of EPA risk assessment principles and practices. EPA/100/B-04/001. Washington (DC): OSA, USEPA; 2004, http://www.epa.gov/OSA/pdfs/ratf-final.pdf [accessed 30.10.13].
Tehran Terminals and Parks Organization. (2014). https://terminals.tehran.ir
Can, G., Sayili, U., Sayman, Ö.A., Kuyumcu, Ö.F., Yilmaz, D., Esen, E., Yurtseven, E., Erginöz, E. (2019). Mapping of carbon monoxide related death risk in Turkey: a ten-year analysis based on news agency records, BMC Public Health 19 (2019) 9, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-6342-4.
Govorushko, S., Rezaee, R., Dumanov, J., Tsatsakis, A. (2019). Poisoning associated with the use of mushrooms: a review of the global pattern and main characteristics, Food Chem. Toxicol. 128 (2019) 267–279, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2019.04.016.
