بررسی رابطه بین حس زیبایی‌شناسی و باورهای مذهبی با رفتارهای محیط زیستی (مورد مطالعه شهر کرمان)
محورهای موضوعی :
آلودگی های محیط زیست (آب، خاک و هوا)
علی مرادی
1
(دانشیار گروه جامعه‌شناسی، واحد اسلام‌آباد غرب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اسلام‌آباد غرب، کرمانشاه، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات))
جمیله اسفندیار پور
2
(دانش‌آموخته دکتری جامعه‌شناسی واحد دهاقان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دهاقان، ایران)
تاریخ دریافت : 1399/04/13
تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/06/10
تاریخ انتشار : 1401/10/01
کلید واژه:
رفتارهای محیط زیستی,
باورهای مذهبی,
حس زیبایی‌شناسی,
رسانه جمعی,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: بحران محیط زیستی در قالب تغییر در آب و هوا، کاهش تنوع زیستی، تخریب محیط‌زیست، فجایع به وجود آمده ناشی از آن، کمبود آب و بسیاری دیگر از مشکلات، واقعیت‌هایی هستند که تغییراتی را در الگوهای زندگی نسل حاضر ایجاد کرده‌اند و آینده را نیز تحت تأثیر قرار خواهند داد. سؤال اصلی این پژوهش این است که رابطه بین حس زیبایی‌شناسی و باورهای مذهبی با رفتارهای محیط زیستی با تأکید بر شهر کرمان چیست؟ هدف این پژوهش بررسی رابطه بین حس زیبایی‌شناسی و باورهای مذهبی با رفتارهای محیط زیستی است.
روش بررسی: روش مطالعه پیمایشی و ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها، پرسشنامه می‌باشد. جامعه آماری شهروندان بالای ۱۶ سال شهر کرمان است. بر اساس فرمول نمونه‌گیری کوکران تعداد 374 پرسشنامه مبنای تحلیل قرار گرفتند. تحلیل‌های آماری با استفاده از دو نرم‌افزار SPSS و AMOS انجام گرفت.
یافته ها: نتایج حاصل از تجزیه و تحلیل (SPSS) نشان می‌دهد که حس زیباشناختی محیط زیستی و باورهای دینی مردم با رفتارهای محیط زیستی رابطه معنادار دارند. به این معنا که با ارتقای حس زیبایی‌شناسی مردم و همچنین تقویت باورهای دینی آن‌ها، گرایش به انجام صحیح رفتارهای محیط زیستی افزایش می‌یابد. نتایج حاصل از رگرسیون چندگانه نشان می‌دهد که حس زیبایی‌شناسی با (21/7 T=) و معنی‌داری (000/0Sig.T=) توانسته است به تنهایی 35/0 درصد از تغییرات درونی رفتارهای محیط زیستی را تبیین نمایند. نتایج حاصل از مدل معادله ساختاری (AMOS) نشان می‌دهد که میزان استفاده از رسانه‌ها با ضریب رگرسیون 175/0، حس زیبایی‌شناسی با مقدار 183/0 و پایگاه اقتصادی اجتماعی با مقدار ضریب رگرسیون استاندارد برابر 160/0- بر متغیر وابسته تأثیر معنادار دارند.
بحث و نتیجه گیری: استنباط می‌شود که در جامعه‌ای که افراد از ذوق و سلائق زیبایی‌شناسی برخوردار باشند و نسبت به محیط‌زیست خود علاقه نشان دهند، رفتارهای مسئولانه و صحیح خود را در برابر طبیعت و زیست‌بوم خود انجام خواهند داد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objective: Environmental crises in the form of climate change, biodiversity loss, environmental degradation, catastrophes, water scarcity and many other problems are facts that have changed the way of life of the present generation and the future. Will be affected. The main question of this research is what is the relationship between aesthetic sense and religious beliefs with environmental behaviors with emphasis on the city of Kerman? The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between aesthetic sense and religious beliefs with environmental culture.
Material and Methodology: The method of survey study and data collection tool is questionnaire. Statistical population is citizens of Kerman city over 16 years. According to the Cochran sampling formula, 374 questionnaires were analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS and AMOS software.
Findings: The results of the analysis (SPSS) show that the sense of environmental aesthetics and religious beliefs of people have a significant relationship with environmental behaviors. This means that by promoting people's sense of aesthetics as well as strengthening their religious beliefs, the tendency to perform environmental behaviors correctly increases. The results of multiple regression show that aesthetic sense (T= 7.21) and significant (Sig= T = 0.000) were able to explain 0.35 of internal environmental variations alone. The results of structural equation modeling (AMOS) show that media use with 0.175 regression coefficient, 0.183 aesthetic sense, and socioeconomic base with standard regression coefficient of -0.160 have significant effect on dependent variable.
Discussion and Conclusion: It is inferred that in a society where people have aesthetic tastes and are interested in their environment, they will behave responsibly and correctly towards nature and their ecosystem.
منابع و مأخذ:
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Callicott, J. B., 1987. Companion to a Sand County Almanac: Interpretive and critical essays. Univ of Wisconsin Press.
Callicott, J. B., 1989. In defense of the land ethic: essays in environmental philosophy. Suny Press.
Hosseinzadeh, A., 2010. Investigating consumer behavior concerning green Products purchasing decision. Master's Thesis Shahid Beheshti University. (In Persian)
Kim, S., & An, K., 2017. Exploring psychological and aesthetic approaches of bio-retention facilities in the urban open space. Sustainability, 9(11): 2067.
Vanstockem, J., Vranken, L., Bleys, B., Somers, B., & Hermy, M., 2018. Do looks matter? A case study on extensive green roofs using discrete choice experiments. Sustainability, 10(2): 309.
Carroll, N., 1993. On being moved by nature: Between religion and natural history. Cambridge University Press.
Rolston, H., 2002. From beauty to duty: Aesthetics of nature and environmental ethics. In Environment and the Arts: Perspectives on Environmental Aesthetics; Berleant, A., Ed.; Ashgate: Burlington, VT, USA, 2002; pp. 127–141.
Woodrum, E., & Hoban, T., 1994. Theology and religiosity effects on environmentalism. Review of Religious Research, 35(3): 193-206.
Mohaghegh Damad, M., 2011. Environmental Theology, monthly of Religious News, 1(1): 38-45. (In Persian)
Javadi-Amoli, A., 2007. Islam and the environment, Qom: Esra Publishing. (In Persian)
Benthall, J., 2003. The greening of Islam?. Anthropology today, 19(6): 10-12.
Nasr, S.H., 2003. Islam, the Contemporary Islamic World, and the Environmental Crisis. In Islam and Ecology: A Bestowed Trust, eds. R.C. Foltz, F.M. Denny and A. Baharuddin, 85-105. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Nokel, Z., 2010. Environmental Concepts in Islam, monthly of Religious News, 29: 36-37. (In Persian)
Stren, P. C., 2000. Toward a coherent theory of environmentally significant behaviour. Journal of Social Issues, 56(3): 407-424.
Valizadeh, N. & Bizhani, M., 2016. Application of Maslow's Needs Theory to Analyze Environmental Aesthetics Attitude of Rural people in Miandoab Township, Journal of Iranian Agricultural Extension and Education Sciences, 12(2):73-87. (In Persian)
Karimi, L., 2010. Investigating sociological factors affecting environmental behavior (relying on water use behavior), Master's Thesis Payam Noor University Parand Center. (In Persian)
17- Shahnoshi, M. &Abdollahi, A.S., 2018. An Analysis of Environmental Culture of Isfahan People and Some of its Factors. Journal of Humanities, University of Isfahan, 23(2): 17-34. (In Persian)
Wang, P. C., & Yu, C. Y., 2018. Aesthetic experience as an essential factor to trigger positive environmental consciousness. Sustainability, 10(4): 1-16.
Heydari Sarban, V. (2019) In a study entitled Study and analysis of social factors affecting the improvement of environmental protection behaviors in rural areas, a case study: Ardabil city, Journal of Applied Sociology, 30(74): 47-64.
20- Available, F. And Khajeh Nouri, B. (2019). Investigating the Relationship between Sociological Factors and Environmental Behavior of Shiraz Citizens, Journal: Applied Sociology, 76: 35-58.
Kose, S., Gencer, A. S., Gezer, K., Erol, G., & Bilen, K., 2011. Investigation of undergraduate students’ environmental attitudes. International Electronic Journal of environmental education, 1(2): 85-96.
Novah, A., & Foroutankia, S., 2011. The study of relationship between the constructs of rational action model with environmental attitudes and behaviors. Green Vows Quarterly, 9(37): 3-7.
Barry, J., 2001. Environment and social theory, Translated by Hassan Pouyan and Nayereh Tavakoli, Tehran. Environmental Protection Agency, First Edition. (In Persian)
Soleiman porumran, M., 2014. Natural Resources Conservation Approach: A Hidden Priority in the Sustainability Development Program. The Iranian National Conference on Environment and Energy, Kharazmi International Educational and Research Institute, Shiraz. (In Persian)
Salehi, S., 2010. People and the Environment: A Study of Environmental Attitudes and Behaviour in Iran. LAP Lambert Academic Publishing.
Inglehart, R., & Flanagan, S. C., 1987. Value change in industrial societies. American Political Science Review, 81(4): 1289-1319.
Tohme, G., 1994. Cultural Development and Environment, ranslated by Mahmoud Sharepour, Tehran: Center for Fundamental Research. (In Persian)
Dunlap, R. E., 2008. The new environmental paradigm scale: From marginality to worldwide use. The Journal of environmental education, 40(1): 3-18.
Nosrati, F., Serajzadeh, S.H, Dihol, M., 2016. Sociological explanation of environmental behavior, Case Study: Citizens of Tehran, Journal of Sustainable development of geographical environment, 1(3): 1-18. (In Persian)
Kollmuss, A., & Agyeman, J., 2002. Mind the gap: why do people act environmentally and what are the barriers to pro-environmental behavior?. Environmental education research, 8(3): 239-260.
Rabbani Khorasgani A., & Ghasemi, V., 2007. The relationship between social security and religious attitude. Journal of Humanities, University of Isfahan, 4: 1-18. (In Persian)
Birou, A., 1991. Social Science Culture. Translated by Bagher Sarokhani. Tehran, Kayhan Publications. (In Persian)
