مطالعه امکان سنجی تثبیت لجن فاضلاب شهری با استفاده از گیاه‌پالایی (مطالعه موردی: تصفیه خانه فاضلاب شهر کرمانشاه)
محورهای موضوعی : آلودگی محیط زیست (آب و فاضلاب)بهاره نوروزی 1 , علی الماسی 2 , رضا حاجی سید محمد شیرازی 3 , مجتبی سلمانی 4
1 - دانشیار گروه بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده علوم و فناوری‌های همگرا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقيقات، تهران، ايران.
2 - استاد گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه، کرمانشاه، ایران.
3 - استاديار گروه مهندسی محيط زيست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محيط زيست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقيقات، تهران، ايران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
4 - کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی محيط زيست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محيط زيست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقيقات، تهران، ايران.
کلید واژه: تثبیت لجن, گوجه فرنگی, پنبه, سرب, کادمیوم, کربن آلی.,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: گیاه پالایی نوعی تکنولوژی بر پایه استفاده از گیاهان است که کم هزینه و با محیط زیست سازگار است. هدف این مطالعه تعیین کارایی گیاهان گوجه فرنگی و پنبه در تثبیت لجن فاضلاب شهری با تاکید بر تثبیت کربن آلی و حذف فلزات سنگین سرب و کادمیوم می باشد.
روش بررسی: در این مطالعه تجربی آزمایشگاهی که در مقیاس پایلوت انجام شد، جهت دستیابی به اهداف تحقیق اقدام به کاشت گیاهان گوجه فرنگی و پنبه در بستر لجن ابگیری شده گردید. عملکرد گیاه پالایی با استفاده از سنجش تغییرات پارامترهای کربن آلی، pH، هدایت الکتریکی و فلزات سنگین سرب و کادمیوم طی مدت 120 روز مورد سنجش قرار گرفت.
یافته ها: نتایج حاصل از آنالیزهای آماری نشان داد که پس از گذشت زمان 120 روز راندمان تثبیت کربن آلی، حذف سرب و کادمیوم در گوجه فرنگی به ترتیب به میزان 4/0 ± 35درصد، 3/0 ± 29/74 درصد و 42/91 درصد و در پنبه به ترتیب به میزان 7/3 ± 38 درصد، 2/3 ± 93/54 درصد و 3/0 ± 2/93 درصد نسبت به کنترل کاهش معنا داری یافت. علاوه بر آن اختلاف میانگین کارایی گیاه پالایی در تیمارهای پنبه و گوجه فرنگی تا زمان 30 روز با یکدیگر معنادار نبود (05/0
Background and Objective: Phytoremediation is a low-cost and environmentally-friendly technology. The aim of this study was to determine the efficiency of tomato and cotton plants in stabilizing urban sewage sludge with an emphasis on organic carbon, lead and cadmium removal. Material and Methodology: In this experimental study on pilot scale, in order to achieve the research objectives, we planted Tomato and Cotton plants in a condensed sludge bed. Also, a non-plant bed was considered as control bed. The performance of the phytoremediation was measured by the changes of organic carbon, pH, electrical conductivity and heavy metals of lead and cadmium during 120 days. Findings: Results of statistical analysis showed that after 120 days, the removal efficiency of organic carbon, lead and cadmium in Tomato were 35 ± 0.4%, 74.29 ± 0.3% and 91.42% respectively and in Cotton were 38 ± 3.7%, 54.93 ± 3.2% and 93.2± 0.3% respectively. The difference in mean efficiency in Tomato and Cotton was not significant until 30 days (p>0.05). Moreover, the results of this study showed that the concentration of organic carbon, cadmium and lead in sludge treated with Tomato and Cotton plants was significantly lower than that of control treatment sludge. Discussion and Conclusions: The results showed that the noted plants have a high ability to stabilize urban sewage sludge and eliminate organic carbon, lead and cadmium. Therefore, this method can be used as an option to stabilize sewage sludge and reduce its organic and inorganic pollutants on a large scale.
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