ارتقا کیفیت محیط زندگی در خانه های سالمندان با محوریت زیست مبنا(مبتنی بر قیاس جنسیتی زن و مرد)
محورهای موضوعی : روانشناسی محیطی در معماری و شهرسازی
مریم شاه محمدیان
1
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فهیمه معتضدیان
2
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علی شرقی
3
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غزال صفدریان
4
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2 - استادیار گروه معماری، واحد پردیس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، پردیس، ایران
3 - عضو هیئت علمی و استادیار دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی
4 - استادیار گروه معماری، واحد پردیس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، پردیس، ایران
کلید واژه: زیست مبنا, کیفیت محیط زندگی, سالمندان, خانه های سالمندان , شهر تهران,
چکیده مقاله :
گرایش ساختار جمعیتی کشور از جوان به بزرگسال، و با بالا رفتن سرعت رشد نسبی جمعیت سالمندان کشور می باشد، به ویژه اینکه فکری برای طراحی محیط های بیرونی خانه های سالمندان نشده است. مطالعات زیادی در زمینه کیفیت زندگی سالمندان انجام شده است ولی در زمینه محیط زیست و بیرونی خانه های سالمندان مطالعه ای صورت نگرفته است. هدف از این پژوهش ایجاد زیست مبنا و تاثیر مولفه های آن بر ارتقا کیفیت زندگی، زنان و مردان سالمند ساکن در خانه های سالمندان می باشد. ابتدا به بررسی تحلیل- محتوا زیست مبنا و عوامل موثر بر کیفیت زندگی سالمندان پرداخته شد. در همین راستا 120 پرسشنامه ساختار یافته در اختیار سالمندان در دو گروه پیش آزمون و پس آزمون توزیع شد. در نهایت داده های جمع آوری شده با استفاده از نسخه 28 نرم افزار SPSS و نسخه 2020 نرم افزار MAXQDA تجزیه و تحلیل شد و آماره ها و همبستگی نمونه های جفتی شاخص ها بررسی شد. روش تحقیق شامل یک روش ترکیبی پیمایشی، میدانی و آزمایشی می باشد. تحلیل داده ها با آزمون های T همبسته و تحلیل کوواریانس انجام شد. نتایج آزمون T همبسته نشان داد مولفه های زیست مبنا موجب افزایش و بهبود کیفیت محیط زیست و تمامی مولفه های آن شدند (05/0>p). نتایج آزمون تحلیل کوواریانس نشان داد میزان اثربخشی مولفه های زیست مبنا بر نمره کل کیفیت محیط زیست در دو گروه مشابه بود. اما اثر جنسیت بر دو مولفه خودکفایی و پویایی و سرزندگی تایید شد (05/0>p). طراحی محیط‌های مسکونی متناسب با نیازهای سالمندان نیازمند راه‌حل‌های کافی است. مردان سالمند در مولفه خودکفایی و زنان سالمند در مولفه پویایی و سرزندگی بهبود کیفیت زندگی بیشتری داشتند.
The trend of the country's population structure is from young to adult, and with the increasing relative growth rate of the country's older adult population, especially since no thought has been given to designing the outdoor Many studies have been conducted on the quality of life of the older adult, but no studies have been conducted on the environment and exterior of nursing homes.The aim of this research is to create a permaculture and the effect of its components on improving the quality of life of older adult men and women living in nursing homes. First, the content analysis of the permaculture and the factors affecting the quality of life of the older adult were examined. In this regard, 120 structured questionnaires were distributed to the older adult in two pre-test and post-test groups. Finally, the collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 28 and MAXQDA version 2020, and the statistics and correlation of paired samples of the indicators were examined. The research method includes a combined survey, field and experimental method. Data analysis was performed with correlated T-tests and analysis of covariance. The results of the paired T-test showed that the permaculture components increased and improved the quality of the environment and all its components (p<0.05). The results of the analysis of covariance test showed that the effectiveness of permaculture components on the total score of environmental quality was similar in the two groups. However, the effect of gender on the two components of self-sufficiency and dynamism and vitality was confirmed (p<0.05). Designing residential environments that are appropriate for the needs of the elderly requires adequate solutions. Elderly men had greater improvements in quality of life in the self-sufficiency component and elderly women in the dynamism and vitality component.
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