تغییرات بلندمدت پوشش گیاهی مناطق نیمه خشک با استفاده توام از سنجش از دور و توابع آمار فضایی به‌منظور تهیه نقشه راه
محورهای موضوعی : کشاورزی، مرتع داری، آبخیزداری و جنگلداریمحمد مهدی علی ملایی 1 , مرضیه رضایی 2 * , رسول مهدوی نجف آبادی 3 , حمید غلامی 4 , محمد کاظمی 5
1 - کارشناس اشتغال حوزه خودکفایی- کمیته امداد
2 - استادیار گروه مهندسی منابع طبیعی ، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران
3 - دانشیار گروه مهندسی منابع طبیعی دانشگاه هرمزگان
4 - گروه مهندسی منابع طبیعی - دانشگاه هرمزگان
5 - مرکز مطالعات و تحقیقات (پژوهشکده) هرمز، دانشگاه هرمزگان
کلید واژه: پوشش گیاهی, توابع آماری, فارس, سنجش از دور,
چکیده مقاله :
علم سنجشازدور فنّاوری مفید و با ارزشی هست که می‌توان ازآن‌جهت استحصال لایه‌های مختلف اطلاعاتی از قبیل خاک، بارندگی، پوشش گیاهی و بهره برد. مقصود نهایی در بیشتر عملیات‌های آنالیز سنجشازدور که به‌منظور بررسی فاکتورهای مختلف پوشش گیاهی به کار گرفته می‌شود این مورد است که داده‌هـای باند‌های طیفی گوناگون که می‌توانند نمایانگر داده‌هـایی از قبیل میزان درصد پوشش گیاهی، بیوماس و شاخص سطح برگ باشد به یک مقدار واحد در هر پیکسل کاهش دهد. در گذر زمان، عوامل محیط و انسان سبب تغییرات مثبت و منفی در کمیت و کیفیت پوشش گیاهی شده‌اند؛ ایـن وضـعیت در آینده نیز ادامه خواهد داشت. تغییرات زمانی در پوشش گیاهی ممکن است به‌صورت روندهای افزایشـی یـا کاهشی باشد. شناخت این تغییرات و تعیین روند آن‌ها در گذشته و آینده می‌تواند راهگشای تصمیم سازی بـرای سیمای سرزمین باشد. یکی از راه‌های مطالعه تغییرات پوشش گیاهی به‌عنوان مهم‌ترین شاخص تخریب زمین، سنجش از راه دور است. بر این اساس، در این پژوهش با استفاده از شاخص تفاوت پوشش گیاهی نرمال شده NDVI با فرمت HDF و در بازه زمانی 16 روزه سنجندة MODIS با اندازة پیکسل 250 متر پایش تغییرات بلندمدت پوشش گیاهی استان فارس طی یک دوره 20 ساله از دوره زمانی 2000 تا 2020 و با استفاده از توابع آمار فضایی به‌منظور تهیه نقشه راه در سال 1400 موردبررسی قرار گرفت. برای این منظور با استفاده از توابع آمار فضایی به‌منظور تهیه نقشه راه است. بدین منظور از داده‌هـای مادیس در بازه بیست‌ساله استفاده شده است. سپس داده‌هـای مورد تجزیه‌وتحلیل‌های آمار کلاسیک و آمار فضایی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان‌دهنده روند افزایشی سطح پوشش گیاهی در بازه زمانی 20 ساله بوده همچنین پراکنش پوشش گیاهی در طول زمان خوشه‌ای بوده است. در انتها نقشه راهی به‌منظور پایش بلندمدت پوشش گیاهی در استان فارس پیشنهاد گردید.
Currently, Remote sensing is a useful technology that can be used to extract different layers such as soil, rainfall, vegetation and so on. The ultimate goal in most remote sensing analysis operations that are used to investigate different factors of vegetation cover is that the data of various spectral bands that can represent data such as percentage of vegetation cover, biomass and leaf area index into a single value in each pixel. Reduce. Over time, environmental and human factors have caused positive and negative changes in the quantity and quality of vegetation; This situation will continue in the future. Temporal changes in vegetation may be in the form of increasing or decreasing trends. Recognizing these changes and determining their trends in the past and future can open the way for decision-making for the image of the land. One of the ways to study vegetation changes as the most important indicator of land degradation is remote sensing. Based on this, in this research, using the NDVI normalized vegetation difference index in HDF format and MODIS sensor with a pixel size of 250 meters in a 16-day period, monitoring the long-term changes in the vegetation cover of Fars province during a 20-year period from 2000 to 2020 and was investigated using spatial statistics functions in order to prepare a road map in the year 1400. For this purpose, using spatial statistics functions to prepare a road map. For this purpose, MADIS data has been used for a period of twenty years. Then the data were analyzed by classical statistics and spatial statistics. The results show the increasing trend of the vegetation level in a period of 20 years, and the distribution of the vegetation over time was clustered. At the end, a roadmap for long-term vegetation monitoring in Fars province was proposed.
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