پتانسیل سنجی مناطق شهر تهران جهت احداث بیمارستان های اضطراری با استفاده از روش های تصمیم گیری چندمعیاره (MCDM)

محورهای موضوعی : زیرساخت اطلاعات مکانی و طبقه بندی

حسن خاوریان ^{1 *} , حسین فکرت ²

1 - استادیار گروه جغرافیای طبیعی دانشکده علوم اجتماعی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
2 - گروه آموزشی سنجش از دور و GIS، دانشکده برنامه ریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1403/09/03 تاریخ پذیرش : 1404/03/03 تاریخ انتشار : 1404/10/06

کلید واژه: بیمارستان های اضطراری, کوید 19, سنتینل 5, AHP و WLC.,

چکیده مقاله :

ویروس کرونا نشان داد که امکانات و زیرساخت بهداشتی و درمانی در کل دنیا به شدت محدود است. پس از شیوع ویروس کوید 19 برای اولین بار در سال 2019 در کشور چین، به‌دلیل قدرت انتقال بالای این ویروس پیش‌بینی می‌شد که به زودی در کل جهان و ایران پخش شود. مدت کوتاهی پس از اولین مشاهده ویروس در ایران، به سرعت کل مناطق کشور درگیر و شمار مراجعات به مراکز درمانی به شدت بالا رفت. به گونه‌ای که ظرفیت اکثر بیمارستان‌های اختصاص داده شده برای بیماران کرونایی در شهرهای پرجمعیت به خصوص تهران تکمیل شد و چندین بیمارستان اضطراری نیز در مناطق مختلف این شهرها احداث گردید. هدف از این پژوهش استفاده از معیارهای مختلف جهت تعیین بهترین مکان‌ها برای احداث بیمارستان‌های اضطراری در سطح شهر تهران است. برای این منظور ابتدا 9 معیار موثر بر انتخاب مکان بهینه تعیین شده است. معیارها شامل فاصله از معابر شهری، فاصله از گسل‌ها، فاصله از بیمارستان‌های ویژه کرونا، تراکم جمعیت، معیار کاربری اراضی و چهار معیار مربوط به شاخص‌های آلودگی هوا (CO، NO2، SO2 و O3) است که با استفاده از تصاویر ماهواره سنتینل 5 در محیط سامانه گوگل ارث انجین (GEE) استخراج گردید. معیارها با استفاده از روش‌های تصمیم‌گیری چند معیاره (MCDM) مانند فرآیند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی (AHP) و بر اساس نظریات کارشناسان وزن‌دهی و در نهایت با روش ترکیب خطی وزن‌دار (WLC) مکانیابی انجام شد. بر اساس خروجی‌ها بخش‌هایی از منطقه 14 به‌عنوان مناسب‌ترین مکان شناسایی شد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Corona virus showed that health  facilities and infrastructure are severely limited in the whole world. After the outbreak of the Covid-19 virus for the first time in 2019 in China, due to the high transmission power of this virus, it was predicted that it would soon spread throughout the world and Iran. A short time after the first observation of the virus in Iran, all regions of the country were quickly affected and the number of referrals to medical centers increased sharply. In such a way that the capacity of most of the hospitals allocated for corona patients in densely populated cities, especially Tehran, was completed and several emergency hospitals were also built in different areas of these cities. The purpose of this research is to use different criteria to determine the best places to build emergency hospitals in Tehran. For this purpose, 9 effective criteria for choosing the optimal location have been determined. The criteria include distance from urban roads, distance from faults, distance from special corona hospitals, population density, land use criteria and four criteria related to air pollution indicators (CO, NO2, SO2 and O3) which are used It was extracted from the images of the Sentinel 5 satellite in the environment of the GEE system. The criteria were determined by using MCDM methods such as AHP and weighting based on the opinions of experts and finally by WLC method. Based on the results, parts of the 14th region were identified as the most suitable places.

 

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