سنجش کیفیت فضاهای شهری با رویکرد عدالت جنسیتی در کلانشهرها، مطالعه موردی: کلانشهر تبریز

محورهای موضوعی : جغرافیای شهری

احد بهشتی اصل ¹ , رضا ولیزاده ² , حسن احمدزاده ³

1 - عضو هیئت علمی گروه معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه فنی و حرفه‌ای، تهران، ایران
2 - استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران
3 - استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/05/22 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/07/10 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/12/01

کلید واژه: فضاهای شهری, عدالت جنسیتی, کیفیت زندگی, کلانشهر تبریز,

چکیده مقاله :

ﺣﻀﻮر زﻧﺎن و ﺗﺒﻴﻴﻦ ﻧﻘﺶ آﻧﺎن در ﺷﻜﻞ‌دﻫﻲ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎی ﺷﻬﺮی اﻣﺮوزی، ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ‌ای ﻣﻬﻢ و ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻲ ﻣﻲ‌ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. از ﻃﺮﻓﻲ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﺟﻨﺴﻴﺖ و ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﺟﻨﺴﻴﺘﻲ در ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎی ﺷﻬﺮی ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ اﻏﻠﺐ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪ راﻧﺪه ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻋﺪاﻟﺖ ﺟﻨﺴﻴﺘﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎی رﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐ زﻧﺎن و ﻣﺮدان در دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺔ اﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎت ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ، اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ و اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی اﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ‌ای ﻛﻪ در ﺣﻖ ﻫﻴﭻ ﻛﺪام اﺟﺤﺎﻓﻲ ﻧﺸﻮد. از اﻳﻦ رو ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻧﻈﺮﻳﻪ‌ای و همچنین ﻣﻬمترﻳﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ‌ﻫﺎی ﻣﻄﺮح ﺷﺪه در اﻳﻦ ﺧﺼﻮص، ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎی ﺷﻬﺮی و رﺿﺎﻳﺖ زﻧﺎن از آنﻫﺎ را در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺰ ﺳﻨﺠﻴﺪه‌اﻧﺪ. در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، ﭘﺲ از ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎی ﻣﺆﺛﺮ در ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﻲ زﻧﺎن، ﺟﻬﺖ اﺧﺘﺼﺎص اوزان ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮﻳﻚ از آنﻫﺎ، ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ زوﺟﻲ ﻣﻌﻴﺎرﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ روش ﺳﻠﺴﻠﻪ ﻣﺮاﺗﺒﻲAHP ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. در اداﻣﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺰ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺪل‌ﻫﺎی وﻳﻜﻮر و اﻟﻜﺘﺮ رﺗﺒﻪ‌ﺑﻨﺪی ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﺑﺮای ﺗﻠﻔﻴﻖ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه از ﻫﺮ دو ﻣﺪل، از ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﻛﭗ‌ﻟﻨﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﻧﺸﺎن-دﻫﻨﺪه اﻳﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ 4 و 1 ﻛﻪ ﺟﺰو ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﻲ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺗﺒﺮﻳﺰ ﻣﻲ‌ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ از ﻧﻈﺮ رﺿﺎﻳﺖ زﻧﺎن از ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎی ﺷﻬﺮی ﻧﻴﺰ در رﺗﺒﻪﻫﺎی ﻧﺨﺴﺖ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‌اﻧﺪ و ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ 9 و 5 در رﺗﺒﻪ‌ﻫﺎی آﺧﺮ ﻗﺮار دارﻧﺪ و وﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻲ را ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎی ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎی ﺷﻬﺮی و رﺿﺎﻳﺖ زﻧﺎن ﻧﺪارﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ اﺳﻜﺎنﻫﺎی ﻏﻴﺮرﺳﻤﻲ و ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪﻧﺸﻴﻨﻲ در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺮ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ و ﺑﺎﻧﻮاﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ در اﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪای ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪاﻧﺪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ رﺿﺎﻳﺖ را از ﺧﺪﻣﺎت و ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎی ﺷﻬﺮی دارﻧﺪ.

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