بررسی تنوع فیتوشیمیایی جمعیتهای گیاه دارویی Viscum album L. رشدیافته روی میزبانهای مختلف در استان‌های البرز، گیلان، مازندران و گلستان
محورهای موضوعی :
گیاهان دارویی
حسین حسینی
1
,
علی مهرآفرین
2
,
حسنعلی نقدی بادی
3
,
کامبیز لاریجانی
4
,
حسین زینلی
5
1 - دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم باغی و زراعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 - استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، پژوهشکده گیاهان دارویی جهاد دانشگاهی، کرج، ایران
3 - دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران
4 - دانشیار، گروه شیمی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
5 - استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران
تاریخ دریافت : 1400/05/16
تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/08/23
تاریخ انتشار : 1401/05/30
کلید واژه:
آنتی‌اکسیدان,
اسید سیرینجیک,
تنوع جمعیت,
دارواش,
چکیده مقاله :
داروش اروپایی (Viscum album L.) گیاهی نیم انگلی است که اغلب روی درختان و درختچههای جنگلی رشد میکند و به واسطه مواد موثره ارزشمند آن در درمان بیماریهای مختلف از قبیل سرطان کاربرد دارد. نظر به اینکه کمیت و کیفیت مواد مؤثره در این گیاه علاوه بر عوامل ژنتیکی و محیطی تحت تاثیر درخت میزبان نیز قرار دارد، این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تنوع فیتوشیمیایی 20 جمعیت دارواش روی میزبانهای متفاوت از طریق جمع آوری نمونه از مناطق مختلف استان‌های گیلان، مازندران، گلستان و البرز در فصل تابستان سال 1396 در قالب طرح های کاملاً تصادفی انجام شد. استخراج عصارهها به روش رفلاکس با اتانول 70 درصد انجام شد و محتوای سیرینجیک اسید به روش کروماتوگرافی مایع با کارایی بالاHPLC ، فلاونوئید کل، و ترکیبات فنلی، پروتئین و فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی (DPPH) به‌روش طیف سنجی نوری در برگ جمعیت های مختلف دارواش اروپایی اندازه گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد میزان ترکیبات شیمیایی جمعیت های جمعآوری شده دارواش، تحت تاثیر شرایط محیطی از قبیل دما، رطوبت و ارتفاع از سطح دریا و نوع درخت میزبان بود. این جمعیتها در 3 گروه مجزا طبقه بندی شدند. نمونه‌های جمع آوری شده از استان‌های گیلان و البرز تنوع فیتوشیمیایی زیادی نداشتند. جمعیتهای استان گیلان دارای بیشترین میانگین فلاونوئید کل، پروتئین و فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی بودند. دارواشهای جمعآوری شده از استانها مازندران و گلستان تنوع فیتوشیمیایی بیشتری داشتند و به نظر می‌رسد علاوه بر شرایط محیطی، نوع درخت میزبان نیز در ایجاد تنوع فیتوشیمیایی دارواش اروپایی در این استانها موثر بوده است.
چکیده انگلیسی:
European mistletoe (Viscum album L.) a semi-parasitic plant that often grows on forest trees and shrubs, is used in the treatment of various diseases such as cancer due to its valuable active ingredients. The quantity and quality of active ingredients in parasitic and semi-parasitic plants in addition to genetic and environmental factors, are also affected by the host tree. This study was conducted in a completely randomized design with the aim of investigating the phytochemical diversity of 20 populations of mistletoe on different hosts by collecting samples from different regions of Gilan, Mazandaran, Golestan, and Alborz provinces in the summer of 2017. The extracts were obtained by reflux method with 70% ethanol. The content of syringic acid, total flavonoids, phenolic compounds, protein, and antioxidant activity were measured by a spectrophotometer and HPLC methods in the leaves of plants in different populations. The results showed that the amount of chemical composition of mistletoe populations was affected by environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, and altitude, and the type of host tree. These populations were classified into 3 distinct groups. The mistletoe collected from Gilan and Alborz provinces did not have much phytochemical diversity. Populations of Guilan province had the highest mean of total flavonoids, protein, and antioxidant activity. The mistletoe collected from Mazandaran and Golestan provinces had more phytochemical diversity. It seems that in addition to environmental conditions, the host tree type was also responsible for creating the phytochemical diversity of European mistletoe in these provinces.
منابع و مأخذ:
Alirezalu, A., Ahmadi, N., Salehi, P., Sonboli, A., Ayyari, M. and Hatami Maleki, H. 2015. Antioxidant capacity in different organs of Hawthorn various species (Crataegus). Journal Food Research, 25(2): 325-338.
Barbasz, A., Kreczmer, B., Rudolphi-skorska, E. and Sieprawska, A. 2012. Biologically active substances in plant extracts from mistletoe Viscum album and trees: fir (Abies alba ), pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and yew (Taxus baccata L.). Kerla polonica, 58(1): 16-26.
Bradford, M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantification of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Annals of Biochemistry, 72: 248-254.
Briggs, J. 2003. Christmas curiosity or medical marvel. A seasonal review of mistletoe Biologist, 50(6): 249-54.
Bussing, A. 2004. The Genus Viscum. Taylor & Francis, Netherlands, Amsterdam.
Cirak, C., Radusiene, J., Jakstas, V., Ivanauskas, L., Seyisd, F. and Yayla, F. 2017 Altitudinal changes in secondary metabolite contents of Hypercom androsaemum and Hypericum polyphyllum. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 70: 108-115.
Demasi, S., Caser, M., Lonati, M., Cioni, P. L., Pistelli, L., Najar, B. and Scariot, V. 2018. Latitude and altitude influence secondary metabolite production in peripheral alpine populations of the mediterranean species Lavandula angustifolia Frontiers in Plant Science, 9: 1-11.
Ghahreman, A. 2005. Plant systematics cormophytes of Iran. Volume 1. University Publication Iran, Tehran, pp 350.
Ghanbari, A., Azimi, M.R., Rafiei, A., Biparva, P. and Ebrahimzadeh, M.A. 2020. Alteration of phytochemical content of the capers (Capparis spinosa) collected from different microclimates. Journal of Plant Process and Function,. 9(39): 165-178.
Haghi, G., Hatami, A., Safaei, A. and Mehran, M. 2014. Analysis of phenolic compounds in Matricaria chamomilla and its extracts by UPLC-UV. Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 9(1): 31- 37.
Jäger, T., Holandino, C., Melo, M.N.D.O., Peñaloza, E.M.C., Oliveira, A.P., Garrett, R., Glauser, G., Grazi, M., Ramm, H., Urech, K. and Baumgartner, S. Metabolomics by UHPLC-Q-TOF reveals host tree-dependent phytochemical variation in Viscum album L. Plants, 10(8): 1726.
Khayyat, M., Barati, Z., Aminifard, M. H. and Samadzadeh, A. 2020. Anthocyanin accumulation and color development in seedless barberry (Berberis vulgaris) fruits: The role of altitude and sun light - the preliminary results. International Journal of Fruit Science, 1-14.
Kienle, G.S., Grugel, R., and Kiene, H. 2011. Safety of higher dosages of Viscum album in animals and humans--systematic review of immune changes and safety parameters. BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 11(1): 1-15.
Krasylenko, Y.A., Sosnovsky, Y.V., Atamas, N., Popov, G., Leonenko, V., Janošíková, K., Sytschak, N., Rydlo, K. and Sytnyk, D. 2020. The European mistletoe (Viscum album): distribution, host range, biotic interactions, and management worldwide with special emphasis on Ukraine. Botany, 98: 499-516.
Lopez de Buen, L., Orneals, F.J. and Garcia-Franco, G. 2001. Mistletoe infection of trees located forest edges in the cloud forests on central Veracruz, Mexico. Journal of Forest Ecology and Management, 164: 293-302.
Luczkiewicz, M., Cisowski, W., Kaiser, P., Ochocka, R. and Piotrowski, A. 2001. Comparative analysis of phenolic acids in mistletoe plants from various hosts. Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica-Drug Research, 58(5):373-379.
Mejnartowicz, L. 2006. Relationship and genetic diversity of mistletoe (Viscum album) subspecies. Acta societatis botanicorum poloniae, 75(1): 39-49.
Ochoa-Velasco, C.E., Avila-Sosa, R., Navarro-Cruz, A.R., López-Malo, A. and Palou, E. 2017. Biotic and abiotic factors to increase bioactive compounds in fruits and vegetables. 317-349. In: Grumezescu, A.M. and Holban, A.M. (Eds.). Food Bioconversion. Academic Press. 550 p.
Ochocka, J.R. and Piotrowski, A. 2002. Biologically active compounds from European mistletoe (Viscum album). Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, 24: 2-28.
Oluwaseun, A.A. and Ganiyu, O. 2008. Antioxidant properties of methanolic extracts of mistletoes (Viscum album) from cocoa and cashew trees in Nigeria. African J Biotech, 7(17): 3138-3142.
Payame noor, V., Amirian, H. and Razmjoo, F. 2018. The effect of different hosts on secondary metabolites of European mistletoe (Viscum album). Journal of wood and forest science and technology, 25(3): 19-32.
Pietrzak, W. and Nowak, R. 2021. Impact of harvest conditions and host tree species on chemical composition and antioxidant activity of extracts from Viscum album Molecules, 26: 3741.
Raziei, T. 2017. Köppen-Geiger climate classification of Iran and investigation of its changes during 20th century. Journal of the Earth and Space Physics, 43(2): 419-439.
Sabeti, H. 1994. Forests, trees and shrubs of Iran, University of Yazd, Iran, pp 810.
Schad F, Thronicke A, Merkle A, Matthes, H. and Steele, M.L. 2017. Immune-related and adverse drug reactions to low versus high initial doses of Viscum album in cancer patients. Phytomedicine, 36: 54-58.
Shimada, K., Fujikawa, K., Yahara, K. and Nakamura, T. 1992. Antioxidative properties of xanthin on autoxidation of soybean oil in cyclodextrin emulsion. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 40: 945-48.
Stone, S.L. and Gifford, D.J. 1997. Structural and biochemical changes in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) seeds during germination and early seedling growth: I. Storage protein reserves. International Journal of Plant Science, 158: 727–737.
Suyal, R., Rawat, S., Rawal, R.S. and Bhatt, I. D. 2019. Variability in morphology, phytochemicals, and antioxidants in Polygonatum verticillatum (L.) All. populations under different altitudes and habitat conditions in Western Himalaya, India. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 191: 783-801.
Sytar, O., Hemmerich, I., Zivcak, M., Rauh, C. and Brestic, M. 2018. Comparative analysis of bioactive phenolic compounds composition from 26 medicinal plants. Saudi journal of biological sciences, 25(4): 631–641.
Szmidla, H., Tkaczyk, M., Plewa, R., Tarwacki, G., Sierota, Z. 2019. Impact of common Mistletoe (Viscum album) on Scots Pine Forests—A Call for Action. Forests, 10(10): 847.
Szurpnicka, A., Kowalczuk, A., Szterk, A. 2020. Biological activity of mistletoe: in vitro and in vivo studies and mechanisms of action. Archives of Pharmacal Research, 43:593–629.
Vicas, S.I., Rugina, D., Leopold, L., Pintea, A. and Socaciu, C. 2011. HPLC fingerprint of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities of Viscum album from different host trees. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 39(1): 48-57.
Xie, W., Adolf, J. and Melzig, M.F. 2017. Identification of Viscum album miRNAs and prediction of their medicinal values. PLoS ONE, 12 (11): e018777.
Zargari, A. 1991. Medicinal plants. Volume 4. Tehran University press. Iran, Tehran. pp 923.
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Alirezalu, A., Ahmadi, N., Salehi, P., Sonboli, A., Ayyari, M. and Hatami Maleki, H. 2015. Antioxidant capacity in different organs of Hawthorn various species (Crataegus). Journal Food Research, 25(2): 325-338.
Barbasz, A., Kreczmer, B., Rudolphi-skorska, E. and Sieprawska, A. 2012. Biologically active substances in plant extracts from mistletoe Viscum album and trees: fir (Abies alba ), pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and yew (Taxus baccata L.). Kerla polonica, 58(1): 16-26.
Bradford, M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantification of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Annals of Biochemistry, 72: 248-254.
Briggs, J. 2003. Christmas curiosity or medical marvel. A seasonal review of mistletoe Biologist, 50(6): 249-54.
Bussing, A. 2004. The Genus Viscum. Taylor & Francis, Netherlands, Amsterdam.
Cirak, C., Radusiene, J., Jakstas, V., Ivanauskas, L., Seyisd, F. and Yayla, F. 2017 Altitudinal changes in secondary metabolite contents of Hypercom androsaemum and Hypericum polyphyllum. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 70: 108-115.
Demasi, S., Caser, M., Lonati, M., Cioni, P. L., Pistelli, L., Najar, B. and Scariot, V. 2018. Latitude and altitude influence secondary metabolite production in peripheral alpine populations of the mediterranean species Lavandula angustifolia Frontiers in Plant Science, 9: 1-11.
Ghahreman, A. 2005. Plant systematics cormophytes of Iran. Volume 1. University Publication Iran, Tehran, pp 350.
Ghanbari, A., Azimi, M.R., Rafiei, A., Biparva, P. and Ebrahimzadeh, M.A. 2020. Alteration of phytochemical content of the capers (Capparis spinosa) collected from different microclimates. Journal of Plant Process and Function,. 9(39): 165-178.
Haghi, G., Hatami, A., Safaei, A. and Mehran, M. 2014. Analysis of phenolic compounds in Matricaria chamomilla and its extracts by UPLC-UV. Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 9(1): 31- 37.
Jäger, T., Holandino, C., Melo, M.N.D.O., Peñaloza, E.M.C., Oliveira, A.P., Garrett, R., Glauser, G., Grazi, M., Ramm, H., Urech, K. and Baumgartner, S. Metabolomics by UHPLC-Q-TOF reveals host tree-dependent phytochemical variation in Viscum album L. Plants, 10(8): 1726.
Khayyat, M., Barati, Z., Aminifard, M. H. and Samadzadeh, A. 2020. Anthocyanin accumulation and color development in seedless barberry (Berberis vulgaris) fruits: The role of altitude and sun light - the preliminary results. International Journal of Fruit Science, 1-14.
Kienle, G.S., Grugel, R., and Kiene, H. 2011. Safety of higher dosages of Viscum album in animals and humans--systematic review of immune changes and safety parameters. BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 11(1): 1-15.
Krasylenko, Y.A., Sosnovsky, Y.V., Atamas, N., Popov, G., Leonenko, V., Janošíková, K., Sytschak, N., Rydlo, K. and Sytnyk, D. 2020. The European mistletoe (Viscum album): distribution, host range, biotic interactions, and management worldwide with special emphasis on Ukraine. Botany, 98: 499-516.
Lopez de Buen, L., Orneals, F.J. and Garcia-Franco, G. 2001. Mistletoe infection of trees located forest edges in the cloud forests on central Veracruz, Mexico. Journal of Forest Ecology and Management, 164: 293-302.
Luczkiewicz, M., Cisowski, W., Kaiser, P., Ochocka, R. and Piotrowski, A. 2001. Comparative analysis of phenolic acids in mistletoe plants from various hosts. Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica-Drug Research, 58(5):373-379.
Mejnartowicz, L. 2006. Relationship and genetic diversity of mistletoe (Viscum album) subspecies. Acta societatis botanicorum poloniae, 75(1): 39-49.
Ochoa-Velasco, C.E., Avila-Sosa, R., Navarro-Cruz, A.R., López-Malo, A. and Palou, E. 2017. Biotic and abiotic factors to increase bioactive compounds in fruits and vegetables. 317-349. In: Grumezescu, A.M. and Holban, A.M. (Eds.). Food Bioconversion. Academic Press. 550 p.
Ochocka, J.R. and Piotrowski, A. 2002. Biologically active compounds from European mistletoe (Viscum album). Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, 24: 2-28.
Oluwaseun, A.A. and Ganiyu, O. 2008. Antioxidant properties of methanolic extracts of mistletoes (Viscum album) from cocoa and cashew trees in Nigeria. African J Biotech, 7(17): 3138-3142.
Payame noor, V., Amirian, H. and Razmjoo, F. 2018. The effect of different hosts on secondary metabolites of European mistletoe (Viscum album). Journal of wood and forest science and technology, 25(3): 19-32.
Pietrzak, W. and Nowak, R. 2021. Impact of harvest conditions and host tree species on chemical composition and antioxidant activity of extracts from Viscum album Molecules, 26: 3741.
Raziei, T. 2017. Köppen-Geiger climate classification of Iran and investigation of its changes during 20th century. Journal of the Earth and Space Physics, 43(2): 419-439.
Sabeti, H. 1994. Forests, trees and shrubs of Iran, University of Yazd, Iran, pp 810.
Schad F, Thronicke A, Merkle A, Matthes, H. and Steele, M.L. 2017. Immune-related and adverse drug reactions to low versus high initial doses of Viscum album in cancer patients. Phytomedicine, 36: 54-58.
Shimada, K., Fujikawa, K., Yahara, K. and Nakamura, T. 1992. Antioxidative properties of xanthin on autoxidation of soybean oil in cyclodextrin emulsion. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 40: 945-48.
Stone, S.L. and Gifford, D.J. 1997. Structural and biochemical changes in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) seeds during germination and early seedling growth: I. Storage protein reserves. International Journal of Plant Science, 158: 727–737.
Suyal, R., Rawat, S., Rawal, R.S. and Bhatt, I. D. 2019. Variability in morphology, phytochemicals, and antioxidants in Polygonatum verticillatum (L.) All. populations under different altitudes and habitat conditions in Western Himalaya, India. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 191: 783-801.
Sytar, O., Hemmerich, I., Zivcak, M., Rauh, C. and Brestic, M. 2018. Comparative analysis of bioactive phenolic compounds composition from 26 medicinal plants. Saudi journal of biological sciences, 25(4): 631–641.
Szmidla, H., Tkaczyk, M., Plewa, R., Tarwacki, G., Sierota, Z. 2019. Impact of common Mistletoe (Viscum album) on Scots Pine Forests—A Call for Action. Forests, 10(10): 847.
Szurpnicka, A., Kowalczuk, A., Szterk, A. 2020. Biological activity of mistletoe: in vitro and in vivo studies and mechanisms of action. Archives of Pharmacal Research, 43:593–629.
Vicas, S.I., Rugina, D., Leopold, L., Pintea, A. and Socaciu, C. 2011. HPLC fingerprint of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities of Viscum album from different host trees. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 39(1): 48-57.
Xie, W., Adolf, J. and Melzig, M.F. 2017. Identification of Viscum album miRNAs and prediction of their medicinal values. PLoS ONE, 12 (11): e018777.
Zargari, A. 1991. Medicinal plants. Volume 4. Tehran University press. Iran, Tehran. pp 923.
