نهادها و توسعه در کشورهای خاورمیانه

محورهای موضوعی : اقتصاد کار و جمعیت

محمد حسین فاتحی دابانلو ¹ (دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه آزاد واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران)
کامبیز هژبر کیانی ² (استاد اقتصاد دانشگاه آزاد واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران)
عباس معمارنژاد ³ (استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران)
محسن مهرآرا ⁴ (استاد اقتصاد دانشگاه تهران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/09/27 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/09/27 تاریخ انتشار : 1396/09/01

کلید واژه: توسعه, خاورمیانه, طبقه‌بندی JEL: O43 .O15, O57, صادرکننده نفت, واژگان کلیدی: نهاد,

چکیده مقاله :

هدف اصلی این مقاله بررسی تاثیر متقابل نهادها و توسعه در کشورهای خاورمیانه می باشد. برای آزمون فرضیه ها کشورهای خاورمیانه به دو گروه نفتی و غیرنفتی تقسیم و سپس مدل های تحقیق به صورت سیستمی و با روش حداقل مربعات سه مرحله ای (3SLS) در داده های پانل طی دوره 1996-2014 برای دو گروه برآورد می شود. از آزمون های والد، کروسکال_ الیس و حداقل اختلاف معنادار برای ارزیابی تاثیر متقابل نهادها و توسعه استفاده شد. یافته‌ها نشان می دهد در کشورهای خاورمیانه صادرکننده نفت و کشورهای خاورمیانه غیرصادرکننده نفت، تفاوت معناداری بین تاثیر متقابل نهادها و توسعه وجود دارد. ضریب برآوردی تاثیر توسعه بر نهادها در هر دو گروه بیش از ضریب برآوردی تاثیر نهادها بر توسعه است. بنابراین، توجه به توسعه خود به خود علاوه بر بهبود شاخص های آن، شرایط نهادها را ارتقا داده و باعث بهبود عملکرد این شاخص‌ها می شود. این تاثیر از طریق نهاد نیز وجود دارد ولی سرعت تغییر از طرف توسعه بیشتر است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the interaction between institutions and development in the Middle East countries. To testing the hypotheses the Middle East countries were divided into two groups of oil exporting and non-oil-exporting, then the research models as systematic and three-stage least squares have been used by the data during the period 1996 to 2014 for the two groups. Wald, Kruskal-Wallis and least significant difference tests were also utilized in appraising the interaction between institutions and development.  The findings show that there is a significant difference between institutions and development interaction in the oil exporting and non-oil-exporting countries in the Middle East. In both groups, the estimated coefficient for the impact of development on institutions is more than the impact of institutions on development. Therefore, pay attention to development, automatically, in addition to improving its indices, upgrades the institutions conditions and improves the indices performance. This impact is exist by institution, also, but the variation speed is more by development. 

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