خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیکی مرزه تحت تأثیر محلول‌پاشی متانول و اتانول
محورهای موضوعی :
حسن نورافکن
1
(باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد میانه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، میانه، ایران.)
مهتاب پویان فر
2
(گروه علوم باغبانی، واحد میانه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، میانه، ایران.)
تاریخ دریافت : 1395/10/25
تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/02/04
تاریخ انتشار : 1396/02/01
کلید واژه:
کشاورزی پایدار,
تغذیه برگی,
تنفس نوری,
هیدروالکل,
اسپری کردن,
چکیده مقاله :
مرزه کاربردهای متعددی در طب سنتی داشته و محلول پاشی الکل روی قسمت‌های هوایی گیاهان به عنوان یکی از راه کارهای جدید برای افزایش رشد و عملکرد آنها مطرح می‌باشد. در این پژوهش، اثر محلول‎پاشی متانول و اتانول بر صفات مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی گیاه دارویی مرزه در شرایط گلدانی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 10 تیمار شامل محلول پاشی غلظت های 10، 20، 30 و 40% حجمی متانول و اتانول، آب مقطر و شاهد (بدون محلول پاشی) ‎ارزیابی شد. محلول‌پاشی سطوح مختلف اتانول و متانول و به خصوص غلظت 40٪ آنها توانست در بسیاری از صفات مورد ارزیابی نقش مثبتی نشان دهد. نقش مثبت اتانول 40% در افزایش وزن تر و خشک برگ، قطر یقه، وزن تر ساقه و گیاه و متانول 40% در افزایش وزن خشک ساقه و گیاه، ارتفاع بوته و تعداد برگ بارز بود. با افزایش غلظت الکل های مصرفی، شاخص کلروفیل برگ افزایش یافت ولی افزایش قابل توجهی در طول برگ دیده نشد. همچنین، اثر افزایشی محلول پاشی آب و متانول بر فاصله اولین گره از یقه دیده شد و برعکس، اثر کاهشی متانول و آب بر پهنای تاج پوششی مشاهده شد. بنابراین، با توجه به اثر مثبت محلول پاشی متانول و اتانول در افزایش رشد رویشی و شاخص های رشدی گیاه دارویی مرزه، استفاده از محلول های آبی این الکل ها قابل توصیه است.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Savory (Satureja hortensis L.) has various applications in traditional medicine. Alcohol spraying on plants foliage is considered as one of the new methods for improvement of their growth and yield. In current study, the effect of methanol and ethanol spraying on morphological and physiological traits of savory has been studied in pot conditions based on completely randomized design with 10 treatments including spray concentrations of 10, 20, 30 and 40% (v/v) methanol and ethanol, distilled water and no spraying. Ethanol and methanol spraying specially in 40% concentration could be improving in most of studied traits. Ethanol 40% had a positive role in increasing of leaf dry and fresh weight, crown diameter, plant and stem fresh weight and methanol 40% was effective in plant and shoot dry weight, plant height and leaf number improvement. Increasing in alcohol concentrations caused chlorophyll content increment, but not leaf length. Also, spraying with distilled water and methanol caused more crown distance to first node; but less canopy width. Therefore, implementation of methanol and ethanol solutions is recommending increasing growth and growth indices of savory.
منابع و مأخذ:
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Cossins EA, Beevers H (1962) Ethanol metabolism in plant tissue. Plant physiology 38(4): 375-380.
Djenane D, Yanguela J, Amrouche T, Boubrit S, Boussad N, Roncales P (2011) Chemical composition and antimicrobial effects of essential oils of Eucalyptus globulus, Myrtus communis and Satureja hortensis against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Staphylococcus aureus in minced beef. Food Science Technology International 17(6): 505-515.
Haakana K, Sarkkae L, Somersalo S (2001) Gaseous ethanol penetration of plant tissues positively effects the growth and commercial quality of miniature roses and dill. Scientia Horticulture 88(1): 71-84.
Hosseinzadeh SR, Salimi A, Ganjali A (2011) Effects of methanol on morphological characteristics of chickpea (Cicerarietinum L.) under drought stress. Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences 4(2): 139-150. [in Persian with English abstract]
Kalantari Z, Nourafcan H (2014) Effect of foliar application of ethanol and methanol on leaf characteristics and essential oil content of peppermint. Proceedings of the Second Congress of Agriculture and Natural Sustainable Resources. Tehran, Iran. [in Persian]
Khosravi MT, Mehrafarin A, Naghdibadi H, Hajiaghaee R, Khosravi E (2011) Effect of methanol and ethanol application on yield of Echinacea purpurea L. in Karaj region. Journal of Herbal Drugs 2(2): 121-128. [in Persian with English abstract]
Larzqadiri M, Mehrafarin A, Naqdibadi HA, Khaliqisigaroodi F(2013)The effect of different concentrations of methanol and ethanol on some characteristics of Plantago psyllium. Proceedings of the First National Conference of Medicinal Plants and Sustainable Agriculture. Hamedan, Iran. [in Persian]
Makhdum MI, Malki MNA, Din SV, Ahmad F, Chaudhry FI (2002) Physiological response of cotton to methanol foliar application. Journal of Research (Science) 13(1): 37-43.
Mehrafarin A, NaqdiBadi H, Qaderi A, Labbafi MR, Zand E, Noormohammadi Gh, QavamiN, Seif Sahandi M (2015) Changes in seed yield and mucilage of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) in response to foliar application of methanol as a bio-stimulant. Journal of Medicinal Plants 2(54): 86-100. [in Persian with English abstract]
Morales JP, Santos BM (1997) Effect of different ethanol concentration on the initial growth of lettuce. Proceedings of the Caribbean Food Crops Society 33:442-447.
Nadali I, Paknejad F, Moradi F, Vazan S, Tookalo M, JamiAl-Ahmadi M, Pazoki A (2010) Effects of methanol on sugar beet (Beta vulgaris). Australian journal of crop science 4(6):398-401.
Nonomura AM, Benson AA (1992) The path of carbon in photosynthesis: improved crop yield with methanol. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. Boston, USA.
Nourafcan H, Kalantari Z (2017) The effect of methanol and ethanol foliar application on peppermint morpho-physiological traits. Agroecology Journal 12(4): 1-9. [in Persian with English abstract]
NourHosseiniNiaki SA, SafarzadehVishkaei MN, Aslani A, ValehSheida F (2011) Effect of concentration and methanol foliar application time on growth and yield of mungbean. Journal of Crop Production Research (Environmental Stresses in Plant Sciences) 3(3): 295-305. [in Persian with English abstract]
Ramirez I, Dorta F, Espinozo V, Jimenez E, Mercad A, Penacortes H (2006) Effects of foliar and root applications of methanol on the growth of Arabidopsis, Tobacco and Tomato plants. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation 25(1): 30-44.
SajediMoghadam S, Mehrafarin A, NaghdiBadi H, Pazoki AR. Qavami N (2012) Evaluation of phytochemical yield of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) under foliar application of hydroalcohols. Journal of Medicinal Plants 11(44): 130-140. [in Persian with English abstract]
Yavarpanah Z, Alizadeh M, Seifi E (2013) Study the effects of alcohol on the composition and characteristics of strawberry fruit. Proceedings of Conference on Agricultural Science and Environment. Shiraz, Iran. [in Persian]
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Ammarlou E (2013) The effect of citric acid, ethanol and methanol on some characteristics of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L. var. Supra).Master Thesis, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Gorgan:Gorgan, Iran.[in Persian with English abstract]
Asgari AA, Moinfard A (2014) The effect of alcohol foliar application on plants as a modern application in agriculture. Proceedings ofthe First National Congress of Biology and Natural Sciences of Iran. Tehran, Iran. [in Persian]
Bayat H, Azizi M, Shoor M, Vahdati N (2012) The effect of ethanol and Essential Oil in increasing vase life of cut carnation flowers (Dianthus caryophyllus cv. Yellow Candy). Journal of Horticultural Science 25(4): 384-390. [in Persian with English abstract]
Burt S (2004) Essential oils: their antibacterial properties and potential applications in foods.A review. International Journal of Food Microbiology 94(3): 223-253.
Cossins EA, Beevers H (1962) Ethanol metabolism in plant tissue. Plant physiology 38(4): 375-380.
Djenane D, Yanguela J, Amrouche T, Boubrit S, Boussad N, Roncales P (2011) Chemical composition and antimicrobial effects of essential oils of Eucalyptus globulus, Myrtus communis and Satureja hortensis against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Staphylococcus aureus in minced beef. Food Science Technology International 17(6): 505-515.
Haakana K, Sarkkae L, Somersalo S (2001) Gaseous ethanol penetration of plant tissues positively effects the growth and commercial quality of miniature roses and dill. Scientia Horticulture 88(1): 71-84.
Hosseinzadeh SR, Salimi A, Ganjali A (2011) Effects of methanol on morphological characteristics of chickpea (Cicerarietinum L.) under drought stress. Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences 4(2): 139-150. [in Persian with English abstract]
Kalantari Z, Nourafcan H (2014) Effect of foliar application of ethanol and methanol on leaf characteristics and essential oil content of peppermint. Proceedings of the Second Congress of Agriculture and Natural Sustainable Resources. Tehran, Iran. [in Persian]
Khosravi MT, Mehrafarin A, Naghdibadi H, Hajiaghaee R, Khosravi E (2011) Effect of methanol and ethanol application on yield of Echinacea purpurea L. in Karaj region. Journal of Herbal Drugs 2(2): 121-128. [in Persian with English abstract]
Larzqadiri M, Mehrafarin A, Naqdibadi HA, Khaliqisigaroodi F(2013)The effect of different concentrations of methanol and ethanol on some characteristics of Plantago psyllium. Proceedings of the First National Conference of Medicinal Plants and Sustainable Agriculture. Hamedan, Iran. [in Persian]
Makhdum MI, Malki MNA, Din SV, Ahmad F, Chaudhry FI (2002) Physiological response of cotton to methanol foliar application. Journal of Research (Science) 13(1): 37-43.
Mehrafarin A, NaqdiBadi H, Qaderi A, Labbafi MR, Zand E, Noormohammadi Gh, QavamiN, Seif Sahandi M (2015) Changes in seed yield and mucilage of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) in response to foliar application of methanol as a bio-stimulant. Journal of Medicinal Plants 2(54): 86-100. [in Persian with English abstract]
Morales JP, Santos BM (1997) Effect of different ethanol concentration on the initial growth of lettuce. Proceedings of the Caribbean Food Crops Society 33:442-447.
Nadali I, Paknejad F, Moradi F, Vazan S, Tookalo M, JamiAl-Ahmadi M, Pazoki A (2010) Effects of methanol on sugar beet (Beta vulgaris). Australian journal of crop science 4(6):398-401.
Nonomura AM, Benson AA (1992) The path of carbon in photosynthesis: improved crop yield with methanol. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. Boston, USA.
Nourafcan H, Kalantari Z (2017) The effect of methanol and ethanol foliar application on peppermint morpho-physiological traits. Agroecology Journal 12(4): 1-9. [in Persian with English abstract]
NourHosseiniNiaki SA, SafarzadehVishkaei MN, Aslani A, ValehSheida F (2011) Effect of concentration and methanol foliar application time on growth and yield of mungbean. Journal of Crop Production Research (Environmental Stresses in Plant Sciences) 3(3): 295-305. [in Persian with English abstract]
Ramirez I, Dorta F, Espinozo V, Jimenez E, Mercad A, Penacortes H (2006) Effects of foliar and root applications of methanol on the growth of Arabidopsis, Tobacco and Tomato plants. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation 25(1): 30-44.
SajediMoghadam S, Mehrafarin A, NaghdiBadi H, Pazoki AR. Qavami N (2012) Evaluation of phytochemical yield of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) under foliar application of hydroalcohols. Journal of Medicinal Plants 11(44): 130-140. [in Persian with English abstract]
Yavarpanah Z, Alizadeh M, Seifi E (2013) Study the effects of alcohol on the composition and characteristics of strawberry fruit. Proceedings of Conference on Agricultural Science and Environment. Shiraz, Iran. [in Persian]
