Numerical Investigation on Heat Transfer and Performance Number of Nanofluid Flow inside a Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Filled with Porous Media

Subject Areas : Mechanical Engineering

Ehsan  Aminian ¹ (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Iran)
Babak  Ahmadi ² (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Iran)

Received: 2018-06-08 Accepted : 2018-12-04 Published : 2018-12-04

Keywords: Porous Media, Heat Exchanger, CFD, Performance Number,

Abstract :

Two common methods to augment heat transfer are the application of nanofluids and porous inserts. In the present work, heat transfer inside a double tube heat exchanger filled with porous media is analyzed numerically using two phase mixture model for the nanofluid flow and the Darcy-Brinkman-Forchheimer model for the flow inside porous media. Basically, porous media improve heat transfer at the expense of increasing pressure drop. A new PN (Performance number) -defined as the ratio of heat transfer to pressure drop on the base state (without porous media and nanoparticles)- is introduced to better judge the first law’s performance of configurations. Results indicated that by keeping and increasing Reynolds number from 500 to 2000, an increase of 56.09% was observed in the performance number. Furthermore, maintaining Reynolds number at Re=500 and changing from 0.0001 to 0.1, results in an increase of 138%. For pressure drop, by keeping and increasing Reynolds number from 500 to 2000, it is 40 times. Furthermore, maintaining Reynolds number at Re=500 and changing from 0. 1 to 0.0001, the pressure drop is 250 times. Besides, adding 3% nano particles to the base fluid enhances the performance number by about 50% and increase pressure drop by about 20%.

References:

[1]     Siavashi, M., Bahrami, H. R. T., and Saffari, H., Numerical Investigation of Flow Characteristics, Heat Transfer and Entropy Generation of Nanofluid Flow Inside an Annular Pipe Partially or Completely Filled with Porous Media Using Two-Phase Mixture Model, Energy, Vol. 93, No. 2, 2015, pp. 2451 – 2466.

[2]     Huisseune, H., Schampheleire, S. D., Ameel, B., and Paepe, M. D., Comparison of Metal Foam Heat Exchangers to a Finned Heat Exchanger for Low Reynolds Number Applications, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., Vol. 89, 2015, pp. 1 – 9.

[3]     Lotfi, R., Saboohi, Y., and Rashidi, A. M., Numerical Study of Forced Convective Heat Transfer of Nanofluids: Comparison of Different Approaches, Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf., Vol. 37, No. 1, 2010, pp. 74–78.

[4]     Mahdi, R. A., Mohammed, H. A., Munisamy, K. M., and Saeid, N. H., Review of Convection Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow in Porous Media with Nanofluid, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., Vol. 41, 2015, pp. 715–734.

[5]     Abbassi, Y., Talebi, M., Shirani, A. S., and Khorsandi, J., Experimental Investigation of TiO2/Water Nanofluid Effects on Heat Transfer Characteristics of a Vertical Annulus with Non-Uniform Heat Flux in Non-Radiation Environment, Ann. Nucl. Energy, Vol. 69, 2014, pp. 7–13.

[6]     Javadpour, A., Najafi, M. and Javaherdeh, K., Experimental Study of Steady State Laminar Forced Heat Transfer of Horizontal Annulus Tube with Non-Newtonian Nanofluid, J. Mech. Sci. Technol., Vol. 31, No. 11, 2017, pp. 5539–5544.

[7]     Teamah, M. A., El-Maghlany, W. M., and Khairat Dawood, M. M., Numerical Simulation of Laminar Forced Convection in Horizontal Pipe Partially or Completely Filled with Porous Material, Int. J. Therm. Sci., Vol. 50, No. 8, 2011, pp. 1512–1522.

[8]     Mahdavi, M., Saffar-Avval, M., Tiari, S., and Mansoori, Z., Entropy generation and heat transfer numerical analysis in pipes partially filled with porous medium, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., vol. 79, Dec. 2014, pp. 496–506.

[9]     Milani Shirvan, K., Ellahi, R., Mirzakhanlari, S., and Mamourian, M., Enhancement of Heat Transfer and Heat Exchanger Effectiveness in a Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Filled with Porous Media: Numerical Simulation and Sensitivity Analysis of Turbulent Fluid Flow, Appl. Therm. Eng., Vol. 109, 2016, Part A, pp. 761–774.

[10]  Sheikhnejad, Y., Hosseini, R., and Avval, M. S., Experimental Study on Heat Transfer Enhancement of Laminar Ferrofluid Flow in Horizontal Tube Partially Filled Porous Media Under Fixed Parallel Magnet Bars, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., Vol. 424, 2017, pp. 16 – 25.

[11]  Lu, W., Zhang, T., and Yang, M., Analytical solution of forced convective heat transfer in parallel-plate channel partially filled with metallic foams, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., Vol. 100, 2016, pp. 718 – 727.

[12]  Alsabery, A. I., Chamkha, A. J., Hussain, S. H., Saleh, H., and Hashim, I., Heatline Visualization of Natural Convection in a Trapezoidal Cavity Partly Filled with Nanofluid Porous Layer and Partly with Non-Newtonian Fluid Layer, Adv. Powder Technol., Vol. 26, No. 4, 2015, pp. 1230–1244.

[13]  Shariat, M., Akbarinia, A., Nezhad, A. H., Behzadmehr, A., and Laur, R., Numerical Study of Two Phase Laminar Mixed Convection Nanofluid in Elliptic Ducts, Appl. Therm. Eng., Vol. 31, No. 14–15, 2011, pp. 2348–2359.

[14]  Bianco, V., Manca, O., and Nardini, S., Numerical Investigation on Nanofluids Turbulent Convection Heat Transfer Inside a Circular Tube, Int. J. Therm. Sci., Vol. 50, No. 3, 2011, pp. 341 – 349.

[15]  Hajipour, M., Molaei Dehkordi, A., Mixed-Convection Flow of Al2O3–H2O Nanofluid in a Channel Partially Filled with Porous Metal Foam: Experimental and Numerical Study, Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci., Vol. 5, 2014, pp. 49–56.

[16]  Groşan, T., Revnic, C., Pop, I., and Ingham, D. B., Free Convection Heat Transfer in a Square Cavity Filled with a Porous Medium Saturated by a Nanofluid, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., Vol. 87, 2015, pp. 36–41.

[17]  Nield, D. A., Bejan, A., Convection in Porous Media. Springer New York, USA, 2006, pp. 154 –176.

[18]  Miller, A., Gidaspow, D., Dense, Vertical Gas-Solid Flow in a Pipe, AIChE J., Vol. 38, No. 11, 1992, pp. 1801–1815.

[19]  Pavel, B. I., Mohamad, A. A., An Experimental and Numerical Study on Heat Transfer Enhancement for Gas Heat Exchangers Fitted with Porous Media, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., Vol. 47, No. 23, 2004, pp. 4939–4952.

[20]  Göktepe, S., Atalık, K., and Ertürk, H., Comparison of Single and Two-Phase Models for Nanofluid Convection at the Entrance of a Uniformly Heated Tube, Int. J. Therm. Sci., Vol. 80, 2014, pp. 83–92.