بررسی سیستماتیک در ژئوشیمی کادمیم (Cd) و اثرات زیست محیطی آن در عملیات معدنکاری
محورهای موضوعی : علوم زمین
1 - گروه مهندسی معدن، واحد اهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهر، ایران
کلید واژه: کادمیم (Cd), ژئوشیمی, عملیات معدنی, تأثیرات زیست‌محیطی, آلودگی,
چکیده مقاله :
کادمیم (Cd) بعنوان یک فلز سنگین سمی معمولاً در ارتباط با عملیات معدنی و فرآوری فلزات، به‌ویژه در معادن روی، سرب و مس، یافت می‌شود. علی‌رغم ارزش اقتصادی محدود، این عنصر به دلیل موبیلیتی بالا، ماندگاری در محیط‌زیست و خاصیت زیست‌انباشتگی، تهدیدات جدی برای محیط‌زیست و سلامت انسان به همراه دارد. هدف از این مطالعه، بررسی منابع انتشار، مسیرهای انتقال، پراکندگی زیست‌محیطی، چارچوب‌های قانونی، راهکارهای پالایش و پیامدهای بهداشتی ناشی از آلودگی کادمیم در محیط‌های معدنی است. این مطالعه با تجزیه‌وتحلیل اطلاعات حاصل از تحقیقات انجام شده و گزارش‌های صنعتی و معدنی، تصویری جامع از میزان و گستره آلودگی کادمیم، تأثیرات آن و راهکارهای کاهش ریسک ارائه می‌دهد. نتایج این بررسی بر ضرورت اجرای مقررات زیست‌محیطی، بهره‌گیری از فناوری‌های نوین پالایش و اتخاذ شیوه‌های معدنکاری پایدار تأکید دارد تا اثرات زیانبار این آلاینده بر اکوسیستم و سلامت انسان به حداقل برسد.
Cadmium (Cd), as a toxic heavy metal, is predominantly associated with mining and metallurgical processes, particularly in zinc, lead, and copper mining operations. Despite its limited economic significance, cadmium presents considerable environmental and public health risks due to its high mobility, environmental persistence, and bioaccumulative nature. The primary objective of this study is to conduct a systematic review of the sources, transport mechanisms, environmental distribution, regulatory frameworks, remediation strategies, and health-related impacts of cadmium contamination in mining-affected areas. This review synthesizes findings from peer-reviewed studies, industry reports, and mining case studies to present a comprehensive understanding of the spatial and temporal extent of cadmium pollution, its ecological and human health consequences, and effective risk mitigation strategies. The results of this study emphasize the need for the implementation of environmental regulations, integrating advanced remediation technologies, and adopting sustainable mining practices to mitigate the adverse effects of cadmium contamination on ecosystems and human health
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