مروری بر سموم آلفا توکسین در ایران
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه کیفیت و ماندگاری تولیدات کشاورزی و مواد غذایی
سعیده سعیدی
1
(کارشناسی ارشد، پژوهشکده زیست‌فناوری کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران)
مریم بیگمی
2
(استادیار، گروه صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی زاهدان، زاهدان، ایران)
راضیه بهزادمهر
3
(دانشیار، گروه رادیولوژی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی زابل، زابل، ایران)
کلید واژه: قارچ, ایران, آلفا توکسین, سم,
چکیده مقاله :
چکیده:آفلاتوکسین ها ترکیباتی با وزن مولکولی کم میباشند که به عنوان متابولیت ثانویه توسط قارچ های رشته ای تولید می شوند و در غلظت های بسیار کم برای مهره داران و سایر حیوانات خطرناک میباشند آفلاتوکسین ها یک گروه از مایکو توکسین ها هستند که توسط سه گروه از قارچ های آسپرزیلوس تولید میشوند آفلاتوکسین های G1 ،G2 ،B2 ،B1 چهار نوع از مهمترین آفلاتوکسین ها میباشد. مواد و روش کار:جهت دریافت مقالات مرتبط، ذخایر علمی الکترونیک در کشور شامل SID و هم چنین در بانک های اطلاعاتی Medline، Science Direct، PubMed، Elsevier، Scopus با استفاده از کلمات کلیدی Aflatoxin M1، pasteurized milk، UHT milk، Raw milk، Yoghurt،cheese و معادل فارسی آن ها از سال 2013 تا 2019 جستجو شد نتایج:نتایج حاصل مطالعه نشان داد که برنج های ایرانی و پسته به غیر از شیر و محصولات لبنی در معرض آلودگی با آلفا توکسین هستند. روش های متفاوتی برای از بین رفتن آن ها مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد. بحث:بررسی مطالعات صورت گرفته در ایران گویای این مطلب است که بیشترین توجه در میان محصولات لبنی بر شیر پاستوریزه و سپس شیر استریلیزه متمرکز بوده و بقیه محصولات سهم کمی را در مطالعات صورت گرفته، برخوردارند. در اکثر مطالعات، آلودگی بالاتر از استاندارد اتحادیه اروپا و سازمان ملی استاندارد ایران بوده است؛ بنابراین سلامت مصرف کنندگان خصوصا کودکان در معرض خطر است.
Abstract:Introduction:Aflatoxins are low molecular weight compounds that are produced as secondary metabolites by filamentous fungi and are dangerous to vertebrates and other animals in very low concentrations. Aflatoxins are a group of mycotoxins that are produced by three groups of Aspergillus fungi. Aflatoxins G1, G2, B2, B1 are the four most important types of aflatoxins.Material and Method:To receive related articles, electronic scientific resources in the country, Including SID and also in Medline, Science Direct, PubMed, Elsevier, Scopus databases using the keywords Aflatoxin M1, pasteurized milk, UHT milk, Raw milk, Yoghurt, cheese and their Persian equivalents from 2013 to 2019.Result:The results of the study showed that Iranian rice and pistachios except milk and dairy products are exposed to alpha toxin. Different methods are used to eliminate them.Conclusion:The study of studies conducted in Iran shows that the most attention among dairy products is focused on pasteurized milk and then sterilized milk and the rest of the products have a small share in the studies. In most studies, the contamination was higher than the standard of the European Union and the National Standards Organization of Iran; Therefore, the health of consumers, especially children, is at risk.
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