تدوین برنامه آموزشی ریاضی مبتنی بر نظریه یادگیری زایشی برای دانش‌آموزان دوره متوسطه اول
محورهای موضوعی : پژوهش در برنامه ریزی درسیزهرا علیزاده 1 , شهرام واحدی 2 , رحیم بدری گرگری 3 , داود طهماسب زاده شیخلار 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی تربیتی، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکدة علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، آذربایجان شرقی، ایران
2 - استاد روانشناسی تربیتی، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، آذربایجان شرقی، ایران
3 - استاد روانشناسی تربیتی، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، آذربایجان شرقی، ایران
4 - دانشیار روانشناسی تربیتی، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، آذربایجان شرقی، ایران
کلید واژه: یادگیری زایشی, برنامه آموزشی ریاضی, دانش‌آموزان دوره متوسطه اول,
چکیده مقاله :
نظریه های یادگیری به طراحی برنامه های آموزشی مطلوب کمک می‌کنند. یکی از این نظریه ها، نظریه ی یادگیری زاینده است که توسط ویتراک ابداء شد. در سیستم های آموزشی مختلف به روش‌های نوین آموزش ریاضی توجه کمی مبذول شده است که یکی از این روش ها، آموزش مبتنی بر نظریه یادگیری زایشی می باشد. هدف اصلی این پژوهش ارائه یک برنامه ی آموزشی برای آموزش مفاهیم ریاضی به دانش آموزان دوره متوسطه اول است که منجر به دستیابی یادگیرنده به فهم عمیق از محتوای آموزشی ریاضی شود و در آن یادگیرنده نقش فعالی در جریان یادگیری ایفا نماید، معناها و رابطه ها توسط او به وجود آید و معلم فقط نقش تسهیل گری داشته باشد. در این پژوهش، با روش فراترکیب و رویکردی سنتزپژوهانه بر اساس مدل هفت مرحله ای سندلوسکی- بارسو به بررسی پژوهش های انجام شده در این راستا پرداخته شد. حوزه مورد مطالعه شامل 57 پژوهش متناسب با هدف مورد نظر بود، که از بین آنها 19 مقاله و یک پایان نامه به کمک ابزار گلین انتخاب شدند. مفاهیم استخراجی از این بررسی با روش کد گذاری باز در قالب 131 مفهوم و 32 مقوله فرعی خلاصه شدند که در نهایت 9 مقوله اصلی بدست آمد. سپس با توجه به نتایج بدست آمده برنامه آموزشی ریاضی ویژه دانش آموزان متوسطه اول طراحی شد. روایی محتوایی برنامه آموزش ریاضی با روش لاوشه P: 0/05 بدست آمد.
Learning theories help to design the desired educational programs. Wittrock developed the theory of generative learning, which is one of these theories. In different educational systems, little attention has been paid to the new methods of mathematics education, and one of these methods is education based on the theory of generative learning. The main objective of this research is to develop an educational program for teaching mathematical concepts to first-state secondary school students that will help the students develop a thorough understanding of the educational content of mathematics and in which the student actively participates in the learning process, creates meanings and relationships, and the teacher only serves as a facilitator. Metacomposition and a synthesis-research approach based on the seven-stage Sandelowski-Barroso model were used in this study to look into the research that had been done in this direction. The study area included 57 research articles according to the intended purpose, among which 19 articles and one thesis were selected using the Glynn tool. Concepts extracted from this study were summarised by the open coding method in the form of 131 concepts and 32 sub-categories, which finally resulted in 9 main categories. Then, according to the results obtained, a special math curriculum was designed for the first state secondary school. The content validity of the mathematics education curriculum was obtained using the Laushe method (P = 0.05).
Al-Asmar, R. (2008). The Effect of the Learning Course in Modifying the Alternative Perceptions of Scientific Concepts and Attitudes of Sixth Graders, (Unpublished MA. Thesis), College of Education, Islamic University, Gaza, Palestine.
Al-Astal, K. (2010). Factors Leading to Low Academic Achievement of Primary School Pupils in UNRWA Schools Gaza, (Unpublished MA. Thesis), College of Education, Islamic University, Gaza, Palestine.
Al-Kbaisi, A., & Al-Saadi, A. (2012). The Effect of Using Generative Learning Model on the Achievement and Retention of Mathematical Concepts of Second Intermediate Graders, Journal of Educational and Psychological Sciences, University of Bahrain, 13(2), 183-210.
Al-Khatib, K. (2009). School Mathematics, Curriculum, Teaching, and Mathematical Thinking, First Edition, Arab Society Bookshop for Publishing and Distribution: Amman, Jordan.
Al-Mansour, G. (2011). Achievement in Mathematics and its Relationship to Thinking Skills: Field Study on a Sample of Sixth Primary graders in Damascus Public Schools, Journal of Damascus University, 27, (3-4).
Al Mutlaq, Hamad Muidh, M. (2021). The effect of using Generative Learning Strategy on the academic achievement and mathematical thinking of primary school pupils, International Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Studie, 9(1), 1-15.
Al-Najdi, A. & Abdel-Hadi, M. (2005). Modern Trends in Science Learning in Light of Global Standards, Thinking Development, and constructivism, Arab Thought House: Cairo, Egypt.
Al-Zahrani, A. (2018). The Effectiveness of Teaching a Module in Mathematics Based on the Generative Learning Model in the Development achievement of Students in the Second Intermediate Grade, Journal of the College of Education, Assiut University, 34(9), 162-185.
Andriani, A., Dewi, I., & Halomoan, B. (2018, March). Development of mathematics learning strategy module, based on higher order thinking skill (HOTS) to improve mathematic communication and self efficacy on students mathematics department. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 970, No. 1, p. 012028). IOP Publishing.
Atsuwe, B.A. & Anyebe, E.N. (2016). Effect of Generative Instructional Strategy on Senior Secondary School Students' Performance in Otukpo Local Government Area of Benue State. International Journal for Social Studies, 2(7), 40-48.
Bada, S. O., & Olusegun, S. (2015). Constructivism learning theory: A paradigm for teaching and learning. Journal of Research & Method in Education, 5(6), 66-70.
Bagherabadi, M. (2013). Investigating the effect of generative design model on learning, memorization and motivation of students' academic progress in science lesson. Master's thesis, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah branch [In Persian].
Baroody, A.J. & Coslick, R.T. (1993). Problem solving, reasoning, and communicating, K-8: Helping children think mathematically. Merrill.
Bot, T. D. (2018). On The Effects of Generative Learning Strategy on Students' Understanding and Performance in Geometry in Lafia Metropolis. Nasarawa State, Nigeria, 51-58.
Bybee, R. W. (2009). The BSCS 5E instructional model and 21st century skills. Colorado Springs, CO: BSCS, 24.
Fiorella, L., & Maeyr, R. E. (2016). Eight ways to promote generative learning. Educational Psychology Review, 28, 717-741.
Firuzi, Z.; Karami, M.; Saidi Rizvani, M. & Karashki, H. (2014). Comparing the effectiveness of constructivist (Jonassen) and systemic (Merrill) educational design models in designing problem-oriented learning environments in teachers on-the-job training. Theory and Practice in Curriculum, (6)3, 53-70[In Persian].
Gorzinnejad M. (2019). An educational design model based on generative learning in the mathematics lesson in sixth grade of elementary school, research in basic science education, 5(15), 48-59[In Persian].
Grabowski, B. L. (2004). Generative learning contributions to the design of instruction and learning. In Handbook of Research on Educational Communications and Technology, 2nd ed., edited by D. H. Jonassen and Association for Educational Communications and Technology, pp. 719-743. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Grabowski, B. L. (2013). Generative learning contributions to the design of instruction and learning. In Handbook of research on educational communications and technology (pp. 713-737). Routledge.
Habibi, A. (2021). Advanced research method. Tehran: Narvan [In Persian].
Ibrahim, B. M. (2016). Poor achievement level among some elementary stage students (Hafar Al-Batin), Saudi Arabia, in mathematics. Journal of Generation of Human and Social Sciences for Learning Difficulties, 17, 18, 153-169.
Johnson, D. I., & Mrowka, K. (2010). Generative learning, quizzing and cognitive learning: An experimental study in the communication classroom. Communication Education, 59(2), 107-123.
Kosiret, A., Indiyah, F. H., & Wijayanti, D. A. (2021). The Use of Generative Learning Model in Improving Students' Understanding of Mathematical Concepts of Al-Azhar 19 Islamic High School. International Journal of Progressive Mathematics Education, 1(1), 16-26.
Kosko, K. W., & Wilkins, J. L. (2010). Mathematical communication and its relation to the frequency of manipulative use. International Electronic Journal of Mathematics Education, 5(2), 79-90.
Majid, S. (2014). The EffectivenessGenerative Learning model in the achievement at fourth preparatory class in history. Diyala Journal of Human Research, (63).
Mary K. Wilhelm-Chapin & Tiffany A. Koszalk. (2016). Generative Learning Theory and its Application to Learning Resource, Syracuse University -RIDLR project, 1-8.
Matthews, M. R., & Matthews, M. R. (Eds.). (2014). International handbook of research in history, philosophy and science teaching (Vol. 3). Dordrecht: Springer.
Muidh M, Hamad. Al mutlaq. (2021). The Effect of Using Generative Learning Strategy on the Academic Achievent and Mathematical Thinking of Primary School Pupils. International Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Studies, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp.1-15.
Mayer, R. E. (2010). Merlin C. Wittrock's enduring contributions to the science of learning. Educational Psychologist, 45(1), 46-50.
Mehrvarz, M.; Ali Abadi, Kh.; Abdoli, S. & Moradi, M. (2014). Comparison of the effect of teaching methods based on Dick and Carey's educational design model and Bybee's educational design model on students' motivation and learning. Educational Measurement and Evaluation Quarterly, (10)5, 11-30[In Persian].
Moradi, M. & Fardanesh, H. (2013). The effect of teaching method based on generative learning design model on students' motivation and learning in biology course. Educational Engineering, 2(3), 1-9[In Persian].
Najjar, N. & Dawoud, S. (2013). Factors of Low Academic Achievement in Mathematics among Fourth Graders from the Viewpoint of Teachers, (Unpublished MA. Thesis), Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan.
Novak, J. D. (1993). Human constructivism: A unification of psychological and epistemological phenomena in meaning making. International Journal of Personal Construct Psychology, 6(2), 167-193.
Obaid, M. A. (2013). The Effectiveness of Using the Generative Learning Model in Teaching Constructions Calculation on Achievement and Development of Creative Thinking and the Remaining Impact of Learning for Students of Industrial Secondary Education. Journal of the Faculty of Education-Faculty of Education at Assiut University, (29), 1-57.
Orooghi Mowaffagh, L.; Ebrahimi Qavam, S.; Saadipour, E.; Delavar, A. & Dortaj, F. (2017). Developing an educational program based on generative learning theory and determining its effectiveness on increasing self-regulation. Developmental Psychology, 15(7), 71-82[In Persian].
Osborn, R. J., & Wittrok, M. C. (1983). Learning science: A generative process. Science Education, 67(4), 489-508.
Pilegard, C., & Fiorella, L. (2016). Helping students help themselves: Generative learning strategies improve middle school students' self-regulation in a cognitive tutor. Computers in Human Behavior, 65, 121-126.
Richardson, V. (2005). Constructivist teaching and teacher education: Theory and practice. In Constructivist teacher education (pp. 13-24). Routledge.
Ritchie, D., & Volkl, C. (2000). Effectiveness of two generative learning strategies in the science classroom. School Science and Mathematics, 100(2), 83-89.
Saeedpour, M. & Zanganeh, H. (2015). Designing face-to-face and electronic generative learning environments. Teaching and learning technology, 2(8), 40-60[In Persian].
Sahraei, F. (2014). The effect of generative learning model on academic achievement motivation, self-regulation learning strategies and learning of Students of educational sciences of Arak University. Master's thesis. Arak University [In Persian].
Sandelowski, M., & Barroso, J. (2006). Handbook for synthesizing qualitative research. Springer publishing company.
Sarikhani, R.; Mousavipour, S.; Faiz Abadi, N.; Rahimi, E. & Zare, Mohammad. (2016). The effect of education based on generative learning design model on the learning rate of nursing students in physiology lesson. Development strategies in medical education, 4(1), 16-26[In Persian].
Stuckey-Mickell, T. A. (2010). The effects of generative teaching on pre-service teachers' comprehension and application of instructional design principles. Ph. D. Dissertation, Northern Illinois University.
Swanson, H. L., Moran, A., Lussier, C., & Fung, W. (2014). The effect of explicit and direct generative strategy training and working memory on word problem-solving accuracy in children at risk for math difficulties. Learning Disability Quarterly, 37(2), 111-123.
Tobias, S. (2010). Generative learning theory, paradigm shifts, and constructivism in educational psychology: A tribute to Merl Wittrock. Educational Psychologist, 45(1), 51-54.
Tucker, D. (2002). The Application of the Dick and Carey Systems Approach Model to a Macromedia® Flash Tutorial. Master's Project. Instructional Design and Tecnhology. Emporia State University.
Van Blerkom, D. L., Van Blerkom, M. L., & Bertsch, S. (2006). Study strategies and generative learning: What works? . Journal of College Reading and Learning, 37(1), 7-18.
Wilhelm-Chapin, M. K., & Koszalka, T. A. (2016). Generative learning theory and its application to learning resources. Ridlr,(figure 2), 1-8.
Winne P.H. (2011). "A cognitive and metacognitive analysis of self-regulated learning," in: Handbook of Self-Regulation of Learning and Performance, eds: Zimmerman B.J., & Schunk D.H., (pp. 15-32). New York, NY: Routledge.
Wittrock, M. C. (1974 b). A generative model of mathematics education. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 5(4), 181-196.
Wittrock, M. C. (1985). Teaching learners generative strategies for enhancing reading comprehension. Theory into Practice, 24(2), 123-126.
Wittrock, M. C., & Alesandrini, K. (1990). Generation of summaries and analogies and analytic and holistic abilities. American Educational Research Journal, 27, 489-502.
Wittrock, M. C. (2010). Learning as a generative process. Educational Psychologist, 45(1), 40-45.
Wyborn, C; Louder, E; Harrison, J; Montambault, J; Montana,J; Ryan, M; Bednark, A., Nesshover, C., Pullin, A., Reed, M., Dellecker, E., Kramer, J., Boyd, J., Dellecker, A., & Hutton, J. (2018). Understanding the Impacts of Research Synthesis. Environmental Science & Policy, (86): 72-84.
Yuliani, H., Ulfah, R. Y., Agustina, E., Al-Huda, A. M., & Qamariah, Z. (2021). Application of generative learning in physics learning. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1760, No. 1, p. 012018). IOP Publishing.
Young, J. M., Reed, K. E., Rosenberg, H., & Kook, J. F. (2023). Adding family math to the equation: Promoting Head Start preschoolers' mathematics learning at home and school. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 63, 43-58.
Zaitoun, A. (2007). The Constructivist Theory and Strategies of Teaching Science, First Edition, Al-Shorooq House: Amman, Jordan.
Zare, M.; Sarikhani, R. & Mehrban, J. (2016). Investigating the impact of using designed educational multimedia based on cognitive principles on learning and memorization in biology lessons. Cognitive Analytical Psychology Quarterly, 6(22), 61-68[In Persian].
Zarei Zavaraki, E. (2011). Designing the curriculum of the master's course in the field of educational technology special education tendency in Iran. Research in educational systems, 35: 161-188[In Persian].
Zanganeh, H. & Fardanesh, H. (2010). Educational design model based on generative learning theory. Development Horizon of Medical Sciences Education, 4(1), 19-28[In Persian].
Zanganeh, H.; Jafarfar, H. & Fardanesh, H. (2011). The extent of learners' achievement of predetermined learning goals in the experimental science lesson of the second year of guidance school with a generative learning design model. Educational Psychology Quarterly, 8(23), 74-96[In Persian].
Zanganeh, H.; Nili Ahmadabadi, M. R.; Fardanesh, H. & Delavar, A. (2013). Validation of generative learning model to improve students' analytical learning in biology course. Educational Psychology Quarterly, 10(33), 87-111[In Persian].
_||_