مطالعه کیفی تجارب زیسته آموزش مجازی از دیدگاه دانشجویان در دوران همه‌گیری کرونا
محورهای موضوعی : پژوهش در برنامه ریزی درسی
کریم سواری
1
(دانشیار گروه روان شناسی تربیتی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران)
یاسمن سواری
2
(دانشجوی دکتری روان شناسی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران)
کلید واژه: دانشجویان, دوران شیوع کرونا, تجارب زیسته, آموزش مجازی,
چکیده مقاله :
با شروع بیماری کرونا خیلی از موسسات آموزشی تعطیل شدند و روش آموزشی خود را تغییر دادند. هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی تجارب زیسته آموزش مجازی دانشجویان در دوران کرونا بود. مشارکت کنندگان 60 نفر از دانشجویان دختر و پسر دانشگاه پیام نور اهواز بودند که به صورت داوطلبانه انتخاب و از آنان خواسته که تجارب زنده خود را از آموزش مجازی مطرح کنند. با توجه به اینکه کلاس ها مجازی و حضور فیزیکی دانشجو کم بود لذا از بین مراجعان به دانشگاه انتخاب شدند. روش تحقیق کیفی از نوع پدیدارشناسی است. داده ها از طریق مصاحبه نیمه ساختار یافته و پرسش نامه محقق ساخته (دارای پایایی و روایی مناسب) بدست آمد. برای سنجش روایی یافته ها از روایی محتوایی (60 دانشجو و 3 استاد روان شناسی و یک نفر از اساتید علوم تربیتی) و برای سنجش پایایی از آلفای کرونباخ استفاده گردید. تحلیل داده ها با کمک کدگذاری هفت مرحله ای کولازی(1978) انجام پذیرفت. نتایج نشان داد تجارب زیسته آموزش مجازی از دیدگاه دانشجویان از دو مضمون کلی مثبت (صرفه جویی، کاهش حوادث، و حضور مفید) و تجارب زیسته منفی آنان از آموزش مجازی (کاهش تعاملات اجتماعی، مشکلات بدنی، مشکلات یادگیری و ارزشیابی و مشکلات فنی) تشکیل شده است. با توجه به اینکه آموزش مجازی دارای نقاط قوت است لذا به منظور توسعه این روش آموزش می توان راهکار توسعه آنها را ارائه داد و با برنامه ریزی مناسب می توان از جنبه های منفی آن کم کرد.
With the onset of the Corona virus, many educational institutions were closed and their educational methods were changed. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the lived experiences of virtual education of students in the era of Corona. The participants were 60 male and female students of Payam Noor University of Ahvaz, who were selected voluntarily and asked to share their experiences of virtual education. Due to the fact that the classes were virtual and the physical presence of the students was low, they were selected from among the applicants to the university. The qualitative research method is phenomenology. Data were obtained through a researcher-made questionnaire (with adequate reliability and validity) and a semi-structured interview. Content validity (60 students, 3 psychology professors, and one educational science professor) was used to measure the validity of the findings, and Cronbach's alpha was used to measure reliability. Data analysis was done with the help of seven-step coding by Collaizzi (1978). The results showed that the lived experiences of virtual education from the students' point of view have two general positive themes (savings, reduction of accidents, and useful attendance) and their negative lived experiences of virtual education (reduction of social interactions, physical problems, learning and evaluation problems, and technical problems). Composed. Due to the fact that virtual education has strengths, therefore, in order to develop this method of education, it is possible to provide a solution for their development, and with proper planning, its negative aspects can be reduced.
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