واکسن های پیشتاز بین المللی و ایرانی علیه کرونا ویروس جدید: دسته بندی، ساختار شناسی، اثربخشی و عوارض
محورهای موضوعی : زیست فناوری میکروبی
سیده معصومه تقی زاده
1
(مرکز تحقیقات بیوتکنولوژی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز، شیراز، ایران)
علیرضا ابراهیمی نژاد
2
(مرکز تحقیقات بیوتکنولوژی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز، شیراز، ایران)
کلید واژه: کووید-19, واکسن نوکلئیک اسید, واکسن ویروسی, واکسن حامل, واکسن پروتینی,
چکیده مقاله :
در پی انتشار جهانی کرونا ویروس جدید تلاش‌های گسترده بین المللی و ملی در جهت ساخت واکسن علیه این ویروس شکل گرفت. غول‌های دارویی از جمله شرکت‌های فایزر، جانسن بیوتک، آسترازنکا، سینوواک، مدرنا، بیونتک، بهارات، فینلای و گروه بیوتک ملی چین در کنار مراکز و موسسات تحقیقاتی بنام از جمله دانشگاه آکسفورد و مرکز تحقیقات گامالیا مثال‌هایی از شرکت‌ها و مراکزی است که توانستند در مسابقه ساخت و تولید واکسن کرونا موفق‌تر از دیگر رقبا عمل نمایند. در ایران نیز اقدام برای ساخت این واکسن به سرعت کلید خورد و شرکت‌ها و سازمان‌های ایرانی همچون شفا فارمد، ستاد اجرایی فرمان امام خمینی (ره)، وزارت دفاع، انیستیتو پاستور و موسسه تحقیقات واکسن و سرم سازی رازی خود را موظف به تلاش در این عرصه دانستند. در حال حاضر واکسن کرونای محصول این شرکت‌ها و موسسات یا مجوز مصرف دریافت نموده و یا در مراحل انتهایی مطالعات بالینی قرار دارند. مقالات مروری فراوانی در نقد و بررسی این واکسن‌ها در مجلات بین المللی به چاپ رسیده است اما اغلب این مقالات اشاره ای به تلاش‌های صورت گرفته در کشور ایران نداشته‌اند. لذا در مقاله پیش رو تلاش شده تا با بهره گیری از اطلاعات منتشره توسط سازمان بهداشت جهانی، مرکز کنترل بیماری‌های ایالات متحده، شرکت‌های دارویی، مراکز تحقیقاتی معتبر و سازمان‌های داخلی و خارجی به طبقه بندی، بررسی ساختار، اثربخشی و عوارض جانبی واکسن‌های کرونای پیشتاز بین المللی و ایرانی پرداخته شود
چکیده انگلیسی:
Following the global spread of the new coronavirus, extensive international and national efforts were made to develop a vaccine against the virus. Pharmaceutical giants such as Pfizer, Johnssen Biotech, Astrazeneca, Sinovac, Modrena, Biontec, Bharat, Finlay and China National Biotech Group, along with research institutes such as the University of Oxford and the Gamalia Research Center, are examples of companies and centers that were able to be more successful than other competitors in the speed race to make and produce Corona vaccine. In Iran, the attempts to make this vaccine were quickly made and Iranian companies and organizations such as Shafa Pharmed, Imam Khomeini Executive Headquarters, Ministry of Defense, Pasteur Institute and Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute are obliged to make efforts in this regard. At present, the corona vaccine produced by these companies and institutions has either received a license or is in the final stages of clinical studies. Many review articles on these vaccines have been published in international journals, but just a few articles refer to the efforts made in Iran. Therefore, in the present article, an attempt has been made to classify and evaluate the structure, efficacy and side effects of these leading international and Iranian coronavirus vaccines. Hence, the information published by the World Health Organization, the US Centers for Disease Control, pharmaceutical companies, reputable research centers and domestic and foreign organizations were employed.
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