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Open Access Article
1 - Investigation Growth Indices Analysis and Sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor L.) Crop Production Affected Different Level of Nitrogen and Nitroxin Bio-Fertilizer
Armaghan Charkhab Mani MojaddamBACKGROUND: Bio-fertilizers being essential components of organic farming playvital role in maintaining long term soil fertility and sustainability.OBJECTIVES: Study yield and growth indices of sorghum in response to consumechemical fertilizer and Nitroxin bio-fertilize MoreBACKGROUND: Bio-fertilizers being essential components of organic farming playvital role in maintaining long term soil fertility and sustainability.OBJECTIVES: Study yield and growth indices of sorghum in response to consumechemical fertilizer and Nitroxin bio-fertilizer.METHODS: This research was conducted via split plot experiment based on completelyrandomized block design with three replications in research field of Ahvaz IslamicAzad University. Pure nitrogen from urea source was used as the main plot infour levels (0, 50, 100, 150 kg.ha-1) and Nitroxin bio-fertilizer was used as sub plot intwo levels (lack of use of bio-fertilizer and use of 1 L.ha-1 Nitroxin per 200 kg seeds).RESULT: According result of analysis of variance effect of different level of nitrogenand Nitroxin on seed yield, biologic yield and harvest index was significant at 1%probability level but interaction effect of treatments on harvest index was not significant.Assessment mean comparison of different levels of nitrogen fertilizer indicatedthat the highest seed yield (341 g.m-2), biologic yield (1218 g.m-2) and harvest index(28%) belonged to the treatment with consumption of 150 kg.ha-1 nitrogen and thelowest amount of seed yield (200 g.m-2) biologic yield (1045 g.m-2) and harvest index(20%) was for non-consumption of nitrogen (control). Use 1 L.ha-1 Nitroxin led toachieve highest seed yield (324 g.m-2), biologic yield (1185 g.m-2) and harvest index(27%) compare to control treatment. The highest leaf area index was obtained in theapplication of bio-fertilizer compared to non-consumption (4.5), and the non-use ofbiological fertilizer with a maximum leaf index was 3.8. Net assimilation rate in theuse of biological fertilizer at 25 days after planting the equivalent of 10 gr.m-2 per daystarted and in the 47 days after planting, it was 6.3. The non-use of biological fertilizerbegan at 8.1 after 25 days after planting and reached 6.1 in 47 days after planting.CONCLUSION: So finally consume 150 kg.ha-1 chemical nitrogen fertilizer with 1L.ha-1 Nitroxin bio-fertilizer advised for farmers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Evaluation Effect of Salinity Stress and Potassium Sulfate on Seed yield, its Components and Qualitative Traits of Mung Bean (Vigna radiate L.)
Fatemeh Jahanahmadi Mani MojaddamBACKGROUND: Among the abiotic stresses, soil salinity is a prevalent environmental issue that impacts more than 77 million hectares (5% of the cultivable land worldwide). Potassium plays a crucial role in plant growth under saline conditions, as it is involved in essent MoreBACKGROUND: Among the abiotic stresses, soil salinity is a prevalent environmental issue that impacts more than 77 million hectares (5% of the cultivable land worldwide). Potassium plays a crucial role in plant growth under saline conditions, as it is involved in essential processes such as photosynthesis and osmo regulatory adaptations that help plants cope with water stress.OBJECTIVES: To investigate the impact of salinity stress and potassium sulfate on crop production and qualitative traits of mung bean current research was done.METHODS: This study was conducted according factorial experiment based on randomized completely block design with three replications. The study was carried out in pots located in Ahvaz during the 2014 cropping season. The investigated factors included potassium fertilizer at three levels (including 0, 100, 200 kg.ha-1) from source of potassium sulfate and salinity stress from sodium chloride at 4 levels (including control, 2, 4, 6 ds.m-1).RESULT: The results indicated that both salinity stress treatment and potassium fertilizer had a significant impact on yield and yield components, biological yield, chlorophyll index and proline content. The highest seed yield (with an average of 15.4 grams per plant) was achieved in the 0 ds.m-1 (control), while the lowest yield (with an average of 9.8 grams per plant) was observed at the salinity level of 6 ds.m-1. The treatment with 6 ds.m-1 salinity level exhibited the highest proline content (with an average of 7.76 mg.g-1 of leaf weight). Additionally, the application of potassium fertilizer led to a significant increase in both seed yield and biological yield. The highest seed yield was observed in the control treatment (without salinity stress) and with the consumption of 100 kg.ha-1 of potassium fertilizer (with an average of 15.29 grams per plant). On the other hand, the lowest seed yield was recorded in the treatment with 6 ds.m-1 salinity level and no application of potassium fertilizer (with an average of 6.86 grams per plant). According to the obtained results, under the salinity treatment of 4 ds.m-1, the application of 100 kg.ha-1 of potassium fertilizer effectively prevented the reduction in Mung bean yield, which was not significantly different from the 200 kg.ha-1 fertilizer treatment.CONCLUSION: The use of 100 kg.ha-1 of potassium fertilizer can be considered as an effective management strategy to mitigate the negative impact of salinity stress on mung bean yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Response of Growth Curve of Canola Genotypes to Use Different Concentration and Time of Application Gibberellin
Somayeh Ghalandari Tayeb Sakinezhad Mani Mojaddam Shahram Lak Mojtaba Alavi FazelBACKGROUND: The crop needs growth regulators in order to complete the growth, because of its important role in improving biological activity, as many researches and studies indicated that the treatment of plants with a specific growth regulator leads to the improvement MoreBACKGROUND: The crop needs growth regulators in order to complete the growth, because of its important role in improving biological activity, as many researches and studies indicated that the treatment of plants with a specific growth regulator leads to the improvement of the plant structure and the yield quality and the production of seeds. OBJECTIVES: Current study was done to evaluate effect of Different level of Concentration and Time of Application Gibberellin on crop production and growth indices of Canola genotypes. METHODS: This research was done via combined analysis split plot factorial experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications along 2015-16 and 2016-17. The main factor included different level of canola genotype (Hyola401, RGS003, Jerry) and sub factors consisted different concentration of gibberellin hormone (0, 50 and 100 mg.l-1) and different time of application of gibberellin hormone (Planting, vegetative phase before flowering, flowering until pod emergence). RESULT: According result of analysis of variance effect of genotype, concentration and time of application gibberellin on studied traits was significant at 5% probability level (on seed yield at 1%) but interaction effect of treatments was not significant. Mean comparison result of different level of genotype indicated that maximum studied traits were noted for Hyola401 and minimum of those belonged to Jerry. As for Duncan classification made with respect to different level of Gibberellin Concentration maximum and minimum amount of studied traits belonged to 100 ppm and control. Between different levels of time of gibberellin application the maximum studied traits was observed in vegetative phase and the lowest ones were found in ripening phase. CONCLUSION: Finally according result of current research application Hyola401 in amount of 100 ppm Gibberellin Concentration at Vegetative Phase had the highest amount of growth indices and seed yield and it can be advice to producers in studied region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Assess Effect of Different Level of Biochar and Humic Acid on Crop Production and Nutrition Content of Maize Affected Water Stress Condition
Armaghan Charkhab Mani Mojaddam Tayeb SakinejadBACKGROUND: Water deficit stress is one of the most important agricultural problems in arid and semi-arid regions. Biochar has a great ability to absorb and store nutrients and chemical fertilizers, even keeping elements such as phosphorus and nitrogen and preventing th MoreBACKGROUND: Water deficit stress is one of the most important agricultural problems in arid and semi-arid regions. Biochar has a great ability to absorb and store nutrients and chemical fertilizers, even keeping elements such as phosphorus and nitrogen and preventing their leaching, increases the growth of plants.OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this research was to study the effect of Biochar and Humic acid amounts on the absorption of elements and the seed yield of corn hybrid (SC.704) under water deficit stress in Ahvaz region.METHODS: Current study was conducted in the form of a split split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications during the cropping years 2016-2018 and 2018-2019 in Ahvaz. The main plot includes water deficit stress with three levels of irrigation (irrigation after draining 30, 40 and 50% of the field capacity, respectively, optimal irrigation, mild stress and severe stress). Also the sub-plot includes biochar with 2 levels (no use of biochar and the application of 4 t.ha-1) and sub-subplot included humic acid with 4 levels (no application of humic acid, application of 2, 4 and 6 liters of humic acid per hectare).RESULT: The results of analysis of variance showed that the effect of water stress, biochar and humic acid on all measured traits was significant. Also interaction effect of treatments was significant (instead effect of water stress × biochar on seed yield, iron and zinc seed content and water stress × humic acid on seed yield) Under severe stress conditions, seed yield decreased (36%). Humic acid had a positive and significant effect on all studied traits. The maximum seed yield (8995.18 kg.ha-1) was related to the irrigation treatment after draining 40% of the field capacity and applying 4 t.ha-1 of biochar.CONCLUSION: In general, in conditions of moderate moisture stress, the use of 4 liters of humic acid per hectare increased the seed yield by 42% compared to the treatment of severe stress and no use of humic acid. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Evaluation of Seed Yield, Its Component and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Sorghum in Response to Nitrogen and Nitroxin Fertilizers
Armaghan Charkhab Mani MojaddamBACKGROUND: Fertilizer management plays an important role for obtaining satisfactory yields and to increase crop productivity. Nutrient management may be achieved by the involvement of organic sources, bio fertilizers, and micro-nutrients. OBJECTIVES: Assessment effect MoreBACKGROUND: Fertilizer management plays an important role for obtaining satisfactory yields and to increase crop productivity. Nutrient management may be achieved by the involvement of organic sources, bio fertilizers, and micro-nutrients. OBJECTIVES: Assessment effect of chemical and biological fertilizer on seed yield, its components and plant height of Sorghum crop.METHODS: This research was carried out via split plot experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications. Pure nitrogen from urea source was used as the main plot in four levels (a1= 0 or control, a2= 50, a3= 100, a4= 150 KgNha-1) and Nitroxin bio-fertilizer was used as the sub plot in two levels (b1= nonuse of bio-fertilizer or control and b2= use of 1 L.ha-1 Nitroxin per 200 kg seeds).RESULT: The results of analysis of variance indicated that the effect of different level of nitrogen and Nitroxin on all measured traits was significant but interaction effect of treatment was significant only on seed yield, number of seed per spike and nitrogen use efficiency traits at 1% probability level. The maximum number of spikelet per spike, seed per spikelet, seed per spike, 1000-seed weight, seed yield and nitrogen use efficiency belonged to the treatment with consumption of 150 KgNha-1 and also to the treatment with consumption of Nitroxin bio-fertilizer. Crop under 150 kg nitrogen treatments and not using fertilizers with the mean of 116 and 108 cm had the highest and lowest plant height.CONCLUSION: Finally according result of current research consumption 150 Kg N ha-1 with 1 L.ha-1 Nitroxin led to achieve maximum seed yield (349 gr.m-2) and it can be advice to producers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Reducing The Adverse Effect of Irrigation Water Salinity Stress on Yield of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Cultivars by Foliar Application of Zinc Sulfate
Amir Kazemi Arpanahi Mehrdad Mahlooji Seyed Keyvan Marashi Mani Mojaddam Tayeb SakinejadBACKGROUND: Zinc is an essential low-use element involved in the activity of various enzymes. Carbonic anhydrase, which catalyzes the reversible conversion of carbon dioxide and water into carbonic acid, contains zinc and requires zinc for its activity. Zinc plays a rol MoreBACKGROUND: Zinc is an essential low-use element involved in the activity of various enzymes. Carbonic anhydrase, which catalyzes the reversible conversion of carbon dioxide and water into carbonic acid, contains zinc and requires zinc for its activity. Zinc plays a role in protein metabolism, gene expression, structural and functional integrity of biological membranes and photosynthetic carbon metabolism. OBJECTIVES: The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the foliar application of zinc sulfate fertilizer on the amount of proline and zinc element in leaves and the yield of barley cultivars under saline water irrigation conditions. METHODS: This research was done according split plots experiment based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was carried out in the Station of Agricultural Research in Kabutrabad, Isfahan. Zinc sulfate application three levels (0, 0.5 and 1%) as the main factor and three cultivars (Armaghan (sensitive to stress), Goharan (tolerant to drought) and Mehr (tolerant to salinity)) were considered as secondary factor. RESULT: The highest content of zinc in leaves (45.9 mg.kg-1) and number of seeds per spike (37.2) was observed with 1% zinc sulfate solution in Mehr cultivar. With 1% zinc sulfate foliar application, Mehr and Goharan cultivars had more leaf proline, 21.3% and 15.3%, respectively, compared to Armaghan cultivar. Foliar appkication of zinc sulfate with a concentration of 1% in Mehr, Goharan and Armaghan cultivars significantly increased seed yield by 22.2, 25.7 and 0.29%, respectively, compared to no foliar application of sulfate fertilizer. CONCLUSION: In general, the results of the research showed that under irrigation water salinity conditions, Mehr varieity was superior to Gohran and Armaghan cultivars in terms of seed yield in response to zinc sulfate application. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Investigation of Tank-Mixed and Reduced Rate of Imazethapyr, Bentazon and Sethoxydim on Soybean Antioxidant Enzymes Activity
Sina Fallah Tafty Mani Mojaddam Ahmad Naderi Mohammad Abdollahian NoghabiBACKGROUND: Soybean antioxidant enzymes activity can change within different herbicide and herbicide active ingredient rates application but it is not corroborating to all herbicides and doses, hence more survey will help to identify herbicide effect on soybean antioxid MoreBACKGROUND: Soybean antioxidant enzymes activity can change within different herbicide and herbicide active ingredient rates application but it is not corroborating to all herbicides and doses, hence more survey will help to identify herbicide effect on soybean antioxidant enzymes.OBJECTIVES: Goals was to estimate five antioxidant soybean enzyme activities during herbicide tank-mix under different reduced rate exposure.METHODS: Completely randomized factorial design with 3 replications was used to survey data variance and simple mean comparison used to compare treatment effect on enzymes activity. Herbicide treatment were apply at soybean v2 growth stage by backpack sprayer with v type nuzzle. There were two main treatment consist of herbicide treatment in 7 level composed of single exert of Imazethapyr, Bentazon and sethoxydim, doubled solution of Imazethapyr + Bentazon, Imazethapyr + sethoxydim and Bentazon + Sethoxydim and tripled solution, consist of Imazethapyr + Bentazon + sethoxydim active ingredients. Second treatment was herbicide different rates in 3 levels, where it was compose of: full herbicide dose (equals to 100% of producer recommended dose), reduced to 60% of recommended active ingredient per acre and reduced to 30% of recommended active ingredient per acre.RESULT: Minimum SOD activity registered at imazethapyr + bentazon + sethoxydim which it was 1.9 iu that induced at reduced rate of 10, 96 and 37 gr a.i ha-1 respectively. In contrast ascorbate peroxidase increased dramatically at bentazon treatment over 960 gr a.i ha-1, which it raises from 1.2 i.u in control to 7.2. Lowest APX activity demonstrated at imazethapyr + bentazon + sethoxydim which used as reduced rate of 30% of full recommended dose of each solution that it fit to 10, 96 and 37 gr a.i ha-1 respectively. Maximum APX activity that registered 7.2 i.u recorded at bentazon in full rate of 960 gr a.i ha-1. Sethoxydim at full rate of 375 gr a.i ha-1 induced maximum CAT activity, where registered 5.2 i.u, which in compare of control treatment in raised 10 times. Accordance to other enzymes, minimum CAT activity obtained at reduced to 30% of label recommended of imazethapyr + bentazon + sethoxydim treatment.CONCLUSION: Throughout all treatment by reducing herbicide rates enzymes activity diminished, similarly tank-mixed herbicide lower enzymes activity which it led to promote using reduced herbicide rate on soybean. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Evaluation Impact of Amount and Distribution of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Barley Crop Production and Qualitative Characteristics
Shokat Shajaripour Mani MojaddamBACKGROUND: Nitrogen is one of the most significant influencing elements that help the atmosphere function better both quantitatively and qualitatively. Balanced and efficient use of applied nitrogen is of paramount importance in the overall nutrient management system t MoreBACKGROUND: Nitrogen is one of the most significant influencing elements that help the atmosphere function better both quantitatively and qualitatively. Balanced and efficient use of applied nitrogen is of paramount importance in the overall nutrient management system than any other plant nutrient in order to reduce its negative impact on the environment. OBJECTIVES: A study was conducted in Weis city, located in the southwest of Iran, to examine the effect of pure nitrogen from urea (46% nitrogen) on grain yield and qualitative traits of experimental barley. METHODS: A split plot randomized full-block design was used to conduct the experiment over four replications. The main plot contained 50, 90, and 130 kg of nitrogen concentrations per hectare. In the sub-plot, nitrogen was distributed as follows: 50% during the planting stage and 50% during the shooting stage, 25% during the pregnancy stage, and 75% during the planting stage and shoot stage. RESULT: The results demonstrated a substantial interaction between nitrogen distribution technique and amount on seed yield, biological yield, harvest index, spike length, plant height, seed protein percentage, and seed protein yield. As a result of raising nitrogen fertilizer application to 130 kg per hectare, barley plants produced more seed (517 grams per square meter) and seed protein (71.65 grams per square meter), according to the study's results. CONCLUSION: Based on the overall findings of this study, it can be concluded that barley plants should be grown with a nitrogen fertilizer consumption of 130 kg per hectare using a method that divides the planting stage by 25% and the stage of stem growth by 75% in order to produce the highest possible quantitative and qualitative yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Study Effect of Supplemental Nutrition on Yield, Yield Components and Grain Protein Content of Wheat Cultivars under Drain Water Irrigation
Sardar Pasha Mojtaba Alavifazel Alireza Jafarnejadi Shahram Lack Mani MojaddamBACKGROUND: The macro and micronutrients play an important role in the crop nutrition and thus they are important for achieving higher yields, better growth and development of plants.OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the effect of supplemental nutrition (chemi MoreBACKGROUND: The macro and micronutrients play an important role in the crop nutrition and thus they are important for achieving higher yields, better growth and development of plants.OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the effect of supplemental nutrition (chemical and organic fertilizer) on quality parameters and grain yield of wheat cultivars under irrigation condition with drain water of farms.METHODS: This experiment was carried out as a split-split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments included irrigation at two levels of drain water and pure water irrigation in the main plot, fertilizer compounds at six levels, growth promotion and high potassium in sub-plot and sub-sub plot including wheat cultivars (Mehregan, Shoosh, and Chamran2).RESULT: The results indicated that the traits of grain yield, harvest index, number of tillers, number of spikelet per spike, number of grain per spike were affected by fertilizer treatment and grain yield, biological yield, and harvest index were affected by irrigation. The number of grains per spike in irrigation with pure water had a higher average. The highest thousand grain weight and the number of tillers were obtained in Chamran2 cultivar. The highest grain protein content was achieved in Mehregan cultivar. The results of correlation analysis revealed that the number of tillers had a significant direct correlation with the variables of number of spikelet per spike, number of grains per spike, and grain yield. In examining the interaction of treatments, the highest grain yield was obtained in the application of humic acid seed inoculation and growth promotion of Shoosh wheat cultivar under drain water irrigation.CONCLUSION: the highest amounts of grain yield were obtained approximately 6925 kg per hectare by applying humic and growth-promoting fertilizers in irrigation conditions with drain water of fields in Shoosh wheat cultivar. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Investigation Effect of Different Level of Vermicompost and Manure on Seed Yield and Its Components of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)
Ahmad Zalaghi Seyed Kivan Marashi Mani MojaddamBACKGROUND: Suitable and useful usage of different kind of fertilizers and biofertilizer is the main way for reformation and potential of soil fertility and increasing of crops yield. OBJECTIVES: This research was carried out to evaluate effect of different level of ver MoreBACKGROUND: Suitable and useful usage of different kind of fertilizers and biofertilizer is the main way for reformation and potential of soil fertility and increasing of crops yield. OBJECTIVES: This research was carried out to evaluate effect of different level of vermicompost and several amount of cow manure on crop production of Cowpea. METHODS: The current study was conducted according factorial experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications along 2015 year. The first factor included three level of Vermicompost (V1: nonuse of vermicompost or Control, V2: 2 t.ha-1, V3: 4 t.ha-1) and second factor consisted three level of cow manure (M1: nonuse of cow manure or Control, M2: 10 t.ha-1, M3: 15 t.ha-1). RESULT: Result of analysis of variance revealed effect of vermicompost, cow manure and interaction effect of treatments on all measured traits (instead harvest index at 5%) was significant at 1% probability level. Mean comparison result of different level of vermicompost indicated that maximum amount of all measured traits was noted for 4 t.ha-1 vermicompost and minimum of those belonged to control treatment. Also as for Duncan classification made with respect to different level of cow manure maximum and minimum amount of all measured characteristics belonged to 15 t.ha-1 and control. Evaluation mean comparison result of interaction effect of treatments indicated maximum amount of seed yield (415.36 gr.m-2), biologic yield (865.6 gr.m-2), number of pod per plant (13), number of seed per pod (14), 100-seed weight (25.3 gr) and harvest index (46.54%) was noted for 4 t.ha-1 vermicompost and 15 t.ha-1 cow manure and lowest ones belonged to control. CONCLUSION: Finally according results of this study, treatments of 4 t.ha-1 of vermicompost mixed with 15 t.ha-1 of animal manure led to achieve highest amount of seed yield and its components, and can be advised to producers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Role of Copper on Physiological Parameters and Salt Tolerance in Sweet Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Cultivars
Mohamad Reza Dadnia Mani Mojaddam Abdullah AyaranThis research was carried out to determine effect of sorghum cultivars and copper foliar spray on physiological traits under saline water situation via split plot experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with four replications during 2015 and 2016 year. The MoreThis research was carried out to determine effect of sorghum cultivars and copper foliar spray on physiological traits under saline water situation via split plot experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with four replications during 2015 and 2016 year. The main plot consisted sorghum cultivars at three level (Kimia, KGS10, KGS4) and Copper foliar spray (C1: 0 or control, C2: 0.20, C3: 0.30 and C4: 0.40 kg Cu ha-1) by source of CuSO4 at stem elongation stage (55 days after planting date) belonged to sub plot. Result of combined analysis of variance revealed effect of different sorghum cultivar, Cu foliar application and interaction effect of treatment on all measured traits was significant at 1% probability level. Foliar application of copper had effective role on salt tolerant and physiological parameters of the studied sorghum cultivars were significantly affected by the exposure to well water and copper. The cultivar Kimia was observed as more salt tolerant and cultivar KGS4 was more salt sensitive on the basis of starch, amylose and amylopectin rates. Cultivar Kimia was also observed to produce high rates of amylose and amylopectin compared with the other cultivars. Results of this experiment showed that effect of copper on physiological contents is a useful tool for measuring the salt tolerance among sorghum cultivars to identify possible donors for future sorghum quality enhancement and breeding and be useful to the local sorghum growing farmers under salt stress. According to result of current research Kimia cultivar with foliar application of 0.4 kg Cu ha-1 it can suggested to farmers to decrease negative effect of salinity situation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Investigating the Effect of Nitrogen and Nitroxin Biological Fertilizer on Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Dual-purpose Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Forage
Najmeh Haghighatzadeh Mani MojaddamBACKGROUND: Optimum uses of nutrients is the most important factor in agricultural systems due to limitations of nutrients especially nitrogen.OBJECTIVES: Current study was done to assess the consumption of different amounts of nitrogen and Nitroxin biological fertilize MoreBACKGROUND: Optimum uses of nutrients is the most important factor in agricultural systems due to limitations of nutrients especially nitrogen.OBJECTIVES: Current study was done to assess the consumption of different amounts of nitrogen and Nitroxin biological fertilizer on crop production of dual-purpose barley forage.METHODS: This research was conducted in the cropping year of 2013-2014 in Ahvaz city in the form of a split plot using randomized block (RCDB) with three replications. The investigated treatments include the use of pure nitrogen at three levels (including the use of 50, 100 and 150 kg.ha-1) and the use of Nitroxin biofertilizer at three levels (including no use of nitroxin (control), use of 2 and 4 liters per hectare), were placed in the main and sub plots, respectively.RESULT: The results showed that the effect of different amounts of nitrogen fertilizer and nitroxin biofertilizer on leaf area index, dry forage yield, forage protein yield and seed protein percentage were significant. The highest leaf area index at the flowering stage (4.5), dry forage yield (2450.3 kg.ha-1) and forage protein yield (544.9 kg.ha-1) belonged to the treatment of 150 kg N.ha-1. The consumption of higher doses of nitroxin caused a significant increase in the leaf area index at the flowering stage, dry forage yield and forage protein yield, although there was no significant difference between the consumption values of 2 and 4 liters per hectare in terms of these traits.CONCLUSION: The interaction effect of the treatments on the studied traits were not significant, according to this, under the consumption of larger amounts of nitrogen (up to 150 kg.ha-1) or the use of biological fertilizer at the rate of 2 liters per hectare (considering the lack of significant difference with the consumption of 4 liters per hectare) can achieve quantitative and qualitative yield of forage in dual-purpose barley cultivation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Influence of Zinc and Cadmium on Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Maize (Zea mays L.)
Shokofeh Berenjani Mohamad Reza Dadnia Mani Mojaddam Nazli DerogarThis research was carried out as pod cultivation to evaluate effect of different level of zinc and cadmium on agro physiological traits of Maize via factorial experiment based on completelly randomized design with three replications along 2012-2013. The factors included MoreThis research was carried out as pod cultivation to evaluate effect of different level of zinc and cadmium on agro physiological traits of Maize via factorial experiment based on completelly randomized design with three replications along 2012-2013. The factors included different level of Zinc (Zn1=0 or Control, Zn2=15 and Zn3=30 mg.kg-1) and Cadmium (Cd1=0 or control, Cd2=10, Cd3=20 and Cd4=30 mg.kg-1). The results showed that zinc and cadmium yield, chlorophyll a and b, cell membrane stability, malon di aldehyde and tyrosine significantly affect the probability of a percent. In soil treated with increasing concentrations of the increased seed yield and highest performance 30 mg treatment was achieved. Fell sharply with increasing cadmium performance and best results of treatment was observed. Among different concentrations of zinc, the best treatment to improve seed yield and biochemical characteristics was the treatment with 30 mg.kg-1 zinc. In cadmium treatment, contrary to zinc treatment, as the concentration increased the studied traits decreased significantly, so that the best results were obtained by the control treatment. The results of the interaction effect of zinc and cadmium on the studied traits indicated the reduction of adverse effects of cadmium on corn by zinc, but the best results of the interaction effect of zinc and cadmium on all traits were associated with the Zn3Cd1 treatment. Manuscript profile
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