بررسی صفات اگروتکنولوژیک مؤثر بر عملکرد قند در تاریخ های کشت مختلف جهت انتخاب ارقام چغندرقند (Beta vulgaris L.) در شمال غربی ایران
محورهای موضوعی : ژنتیک
اسمعیل نبی زاده
1
,
فرهنگ مولودی
2
,
حیدر عزیزی
3
1 - گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مهاباد، مهاباد، ایران، ,
2 - گروه زراعت و اصلاح‌نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مهاباد، مهاباد، ایران.
3 - بخش تحقیقات چغندرقند، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان غربی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ارومیه، ایران.
کلید واژه: عملکرد, رگرسیون گام به گام, همبستگی, چغندرقند, تجزیه مسیر,
چکیده مقاله :
به منظور شناسایی صفات اگروتکنولوژیک مؤثر بر عملکرد قند و تعیین روابط علت و معلولی بین آن ها، تعداد 13 رقم مونوژرم مختلف داخلی و خارجی چغندرقند در سال زراعی 1397 در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار به لحاظ 11 صفت مهم کمی و کیفی در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی میاندوآب طی سه تاریخ برداشت مختلف (15 مهر، 30 مهر و 15 آبان) مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که اختلاف بین ارقام مورد بررسی از نظر کلیه صفات مورد ارزیابی در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنی دار بود. ضرایب تنوع فنوتیپی و ژنوتیپی برای اکثر صفات بالا بود که بیانگر وجود تنوع نسبتاً بالا در ارقام مورد مطالعه برای صفات ارزیابی شده می باشد. ضرایب همبستگی ژنتیکی بین صفات نشان داد که بیشترین همبستگی مثبت و معنی دار به‌ترتیب در بین صفت عملکرد قند با صفات عملکرد قند خالص (88/0)، درصد قند ناخالص(71/0) و خالص (65/0) و با صفات میزان قند ملاس (62/0-)، ضریب قلیاییت (58/0-) و میزان پتاسیم ریشه (52/0-) همبستگی منفی و معنی‌داری وجود دارد. در تجزیه رگرسیون چندگانه به روش گام به گام، صفات درصد قند خالص، درصد قند ناخالص، میزان نیتروژن مضره و عملکرد ریشه به‌ترتیب وارد مدل رگرسیونی شدند که 84 درصد از کل تغییرات عملکرد قند را توجیه کردند. بر اساس نتایج تجزیه علیّت، صفات درصد قند ناخالص (12/1) و عملکرد ریشه (03/1) به‌ترتیب بیشترین اثر مستقیم را با عملکرد قند داشتند، بنابراین گزینش بر اساس صفات مذکور می تواند ما را در دستیابی به ژنوتیپ های با عملکرد قند بالا یاری دهد.
In order to identify the agrotechnological features on sugar yield and determine the cause and effect relationships between them, 13 different domestic and foreign monogerm varieties of sugar beet were evaluated in a completely randomized design with four replications in terms of 11 important quantitative and qualitative traits in the station Miandoab Agricultural Research Station during three different harvest dates (October 15, October 30, and November 15) in the crop year 2017. The results of analysis of variance showed that the differences between the studied cultivars in terms of all evaluated traits were significant at p≤0.01. Phenotypic and genotypic diversity coefficients were high for most of the traits, which indicates relatively high diversity in the studied cultivars for the evaluated traits. The genetic correlation coefficients between the traits showed that the highest positive and significant correlation was between the sugar yield trait and the pure sugar yield traits (0.88), gross sugar percentage (0.71), and pure sugar percentage (0.65) in this order while there was a negative and significant correlation between the sugar yield trait and the traits of molasses sugar content (-0.62), alkalinity coefficient (-0.58), and root potassium content (-0.52). In the step-by-step multiple regression analysis, sugar percentage traits, gross sugar percentage, harmful nitrogen content and root yield were entered into the regression model in that order, which justified 84% of the total sugar yield. Based on the results of causality analysis, the traits of gross sugar percentage (1.12) and root yield (1.03) respectively had the most direct effect on sugar yield, so selection based on these traits can help us achieve the genotypes with high sugar yields.
Abdollahian-Noghabi, M. and Froud-Williams, B. (2000). Drought stress and weed competition in sugar beet. British Sugar Beet Review, 68(1): 47-49.
Aghazadeh, K., Nematzadeh, G. and Babaeian-Jelodar, N.A. (2008). The genetic diversity of rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L.) using quantitative traits. New Agricultural Science, 3 (9): 1-12.
Ahmadkhansari, V., Sabouri, H., Biyabani, A.L., Falahi, H.A. and Zarei, M. (2016). Study of correlation and path analysis of agronomic traits in wheat-wheat and sugar beet-wheat rotations. Applied Research of Plant Ecophysiology, 2(2): 145-156.
Anonymous. (2017). Ministry of Agriculture-Jahad press. 95 Pp.
Artyszak, A., Kondracka,M., Gozdowski. D., Siuda, A. and czuk-Bis, M.L(2021). Impact of foliar application of various forms of silicon
on the chemical composition of sugar beet plants. Sugar Tech (May-June 2021) 23(3):546–559. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12355-020-00918-8
Azizi, H., Aalami, A., Esfahani, M. and Ebadi, A.A. (2017). The study of correlation and path analysis of grain yield and its related traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties and lines. Journal of Crop Breeding. 9 (21):36-43.
Babaei, B., Abdollahian-Noghabi, M., Jahad Akbar, M.R. and Yousefabadi, V. (2013). Introduction of appropriate method for determination of sugar content in sugar beet produced under drought, salinity and normal conditions. Journal of Sugar Beet, 29(1): 99-111 (In Persian).
Babaie, A.H., Aharizad, S., Mohammadi, S.A., Yarnia, M. and Norouzi, M. (2013). Identification of traits affecting grain yield in barley lines. Journal of Crop Breeding, 5(11): 49-59.
Baradaran Firouzabadi, M., N. Farrokhi, M., Parsaeyan, M. (2011). Sequential path analysis of some yield and quality components in sugar beet grown in normal and drought conditions. Italian Journal of Agronomy, 6: 45-51.
Bashiri, B., Mir Mahoudi, T. and Fotouhi, K. (2015). Evaluation of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) genotypes for their trait associations under saline conditions. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology, 9(2): 243-258.
Buchholz, K., Ma¨rla¨nder, B., Puke, H., Glattkowski, H., and Thielecke, K. (1995). Neubewertung des technischen Wertes von Zuckerrben. Zuckerindustrie 120: 113–121.
FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) Rome. (2021). http://faostat.fao.org/.
Flavy, A. and Vukou, K. (1977). Physics and chemistry of sugar beet in sugar manufacture. Elsiviere scientific pub.co. Hungry.
Fotouhi, K., Mesbah, M., Sadeghian, S.Y. and Ranji, Z. (2010). Path analysis under normal and salt stress conditions in sugar beet germplasm. Journal of Sugar Beet, 26(1): 1-13.
Hamel Niyat, M., Babaeian Jelodar, N.A., Bagheri, A. and Kiani, Gh. (2016). Determination of correlation coefficients and path analysis of traits affecting yield in local Tarom mutant lines. Journal of Crop Breeding, 8(20): 198-206.
Khayamim, S., Mazaher, D., Banaian Aval, M., Govhari, J. and Jahansooz, M.R. (2003). Assessment of sugar beet physiologic and technologic characteristics at different plant density and nitrogen use levels. Journal of Pajouhesh & Sazandegi, 60: 21-29 (In Persian).
Mirzaei, M.R. and Rezvani, S.M. (2007). Effects of water deficit on quality of sugar beet at different growth stages. Journal of Sugar Beet, 23(1): 29-42 (In Persian).
Mirmahmoudi, T., Fotouhi, K., Hamzeh, H. and Azizi, H. (2021). Evaluation of Quantitative and qualitative characteristics and relationship between traits in sugar beet genotypes under normal and salt stress conditions. Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences, 14(1): 221-233 (In Persian).
Mohammad Yousefi, S., Ahmadi, M. and Najafi Zarrini, H. (2017). Evaluation of the relationship between traits affecting stem shrub and root yield in sugar beet lines in autumn agriculture. Journal of Plant Productions, 10(2): 11-28.
Mohammadi, S. (2014). Evolution of grain yield and its components relationships in bread wheat genotypes under full irrigation and terminal water stress conditions using multivariate statistical analysis. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 12(1): 99-109.
Nasri, R., Kashani, A., Paknezhad, F., Sadeghishoa, M. Gorbani, S. (2012). Correlation and path analysis of qualitative and quantitative yield in sugar beet in transplant and direct cultivation method in saline lands. Journal of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, 8(1): 213-226.
Nasri, R., Paknezhad, F., Sadeghishoa, M., Gorbani, S. and Fatemi, Z. (2013). Correlation and path analysis of drought stress on yield and yield components of barley (Hordeum vulgare) in Karaj region. Journal of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, 8(4):155-165.
Orojnia, S., Habibi, D., Taleghani, D., Dovlatabadi, S., Pazoki, A., Moaveni, P., Rahmani, M. and Farshidi, M. (2012). Evaluation of yield and yield components of different sugar beet genotypes under drought stress. Iranian Journal of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, 8(1): 127-144 (In Persian).
Ouda Sohier, M. M. (2005). Yield and quality of sugar beet as affected by planting density and nitrogen fertilizer levels in the newly reclaimed soil. Sugar Crop Res. Egypt.
Rahimi, M., Ramazani, M. and Ozoni Duji, A.A. (2016). Correlation analysis and causality of pattern effect and planting density on two rapeseed cultivars. Journal of Crop Breeding, 8(19): 218-227.
Reinfeld, E., Emmerich, A., Baumgarten, G., Winner, C. and Beiss, U. (1974). Zur voraussage des melassezuckers aus rubenanalysen. Zucker. 27:2-15
Sabokdast, M. and Khialparast, F.A. (2008). Study of relationship between grain yield and yield component in common bean cultivars (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Journal of Water and Soil Science, 11(42): 123-134.
Soghani, M., Vaezi, Sh., Sabaghpour, S.H. (2010). Study on correlation and path analysis for seed yield and its dependent traits in white bean genotypes (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Journal of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, 6(3): 27-36.
Sohrabi, Y., Shakiba, M.R., Abdollahian-Noghabi, M., Rahimzadeh, F., Tourchi, M. and Fotouhi, K. (2006). Evaluation of limited irrigation effect and root harvest time on yield and some quality characteristics of sugar beet. Journal of Pajouhesh & Sazandegi, 70: 8-15 (In Persian).
Zare, M. (2017). Analysis of phenotypic correlation and causality of different agronomic traits in barley under optimal irrigation conditions and drought stress. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology, 9(28): 60-67.
.
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Abdollahian-Noghabi, M. and Froud-Williams, B. (2000). Drought stress and weed competition in sugar beet. British Sugar Beet Review, 68(1): 47-49.
Aghazadeh, K., Nematzadeh, G. and Babaeian-Jelodar, N.A. (2008). The genetic diversity of rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L.) using quantitative traits. New Agricultural Science, 3 (9): 1-12.
Ahmadkhansari, V., Sabouri, H., Biyabani, A.L., Falahi, H.A. and Zarei, M. (2016). Study of correlation and path analysis of agronomic traits in wheat-wheat and sugar beet-wheat rotations. Applied Research of Plant Ecophysiology, 2(2): 145-156.
Anonymous. (2017). Ministry of Agriculture-Jahad press. 95 Pp.
Artyszak, A., Kondracka,M., Gozdowski. D., Siuda, A. and czuk-Bis, M.L(2021). Impact of foliar application of various forms of silicon
on the chemical composition of sugar beet plants. Sugar Tech (May-June 2021) 23(3):546–559. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12355-020-00918-8
Azizi, H., Aalami, A., Esfahani, M. and Ebadi, A.A. (2017). The study of correlation and path analysis of grain yield and its related traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties and lines. Journal of Crop Breeding. 9 (21):36-43.
Babaei, B., Abdollahian-Noghabi, M., Jahad Akbar, M.R. and Yousefabadi, V. (2013). Introduction of appropriate method for determination of sugar content in sugar beet produced under drought, salinity and normal conditions. Journal of Sugar Beet, 29(1): 99-111 (In Persian).
Babaie, A.H., Aharizad, S., Mohammadi, S.A., Yarnia, M. and Norouzi, M. (2013). Identification of traits affecting grain yield in barley lines. Journal of Crop Breeding, 5(11): 49-59.
Baradaran Firouzabadi, M., N. Farrokhi, M., Parsaeyan, M. (2011). Sequential path analysis of some yield and quality components in sugar beet grown in normal and drought conditions. Italian Journal of Agronomy, 6: 45-51.
Bashiri, B., Mir Mahoudi, T. and Fotouhi, K. (2015). Evaluation of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) genotypes for their trait associations under saline conditions. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology, 9(2): 243-258.
Buchholz, K., Ma¨rla¨nder, B., Puke, H., Glattkowski, H., and Thielecke, K. (1995). Neubewertung des technischen Wertes von Zuckerrben. Zuckerindustrie 120: 113–121.
FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) Rome. (2021). http://faostat.fao.org/.
Flavy, A. and Vukou, K. (1977). Physics and chemistry of sugar beet in sugar manufacture. Elsiviere scientific pub.co. Hungry.
Fotouhi, K., Mesbah, M., Sadeghian, S.Y. and Ranji, Z. (2010). Path analysis under normal and salt stress conditions in sugar beet germplasm. Journal of Sugar Beet, 26(1): 1-13.
Hamel Niyat, M., Babaeian Jelodar, N.A., Bagheri, A. and Kiani, Gh. (2016). Determination of correlation coefficients and path analysis of traits affecting yield in local Tarom mutant lines. Journal of Crop Breeding, 8(20): 198-206.
Khayamim, S., Mazaher, D., Banaian Aval, M., Govhari, J. and Jahansooz, M.R. (2003). Assessment of sugar beet physiologic and technologic characteristics at different plant density and nitrogen use levels. Journal of Pajouhesh & Sazandegi, 60: 21-29 (In Persian).
Mirzaei, M.R. and Rezvani, S.M. (2007). Effects of water deficit on quality of sugar beet at different growth stages. Journal of Sugar Beet, 23(1): 29-42 (In Persian).
Mirmahmoudi, T., Fotouhi, K., Hamzeh, H. and Azizi, H. (2021). Evaluation of Quantitative and qualitative characteristics and relationship between traits in sugar beet genotypes under normal and salt stress conditions. Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences, 14(1): 221-233 (In Persian).
Mohammad Yousefi, S., Ahmadi, M. and Najafi Zarrini, H. (2017). Evaluation of the relationship between traits affecting stem shrub and root yield in sugar beet lines in autumn agriculture. Journal of Plant Productions, 10(2): 11-28.
Mohammadi, S. (2014). Evolution of grain yield and its components relationships in bread wheat genotypes under full irrigation and terminal water stress conditions using multivariate statistical analysis. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 12(1): 99-109.
Nasri, R., Kashani, A., Paknezhad, F., Sadeghishoa, M. Gorbani, S. (2012). Correlation and path analysis of qualitative and quantitative yield in sugar beet in transplant and direct cultivation method in saline lands. Journal of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, 8(1): 213-226.
Nasri, R., Paknezhad, F., Sadeghishoa, M., Gorbani, S. and Fatemi, Z. (2013). Correlation and path analysis of drought stress on yield and yield components of barley (Hordeum vulgare) in Karaj region. Journal of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, 8(4):155-165.
Orojnia, S., Habibi, D., Taleghani, D., Dovlatabadi, S., Pazoki, A., Moaveni, P., Rahmani, M. and Farshidi, M. (2012). Evaluation of yield and yield components of different sugar beet genotypes under drought stress. Iranian Journal of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, 8(1): 127-144 (In Persian).
Ouda Sohier, M. M. (2005). Yield and quality of sugar beet as affected by planting density and nitrogen fertilizer levels in the newly reclaimed soil. Sugar Crop Res. Egypt.
Rahimi, M., Ramazani, M. and Ozoni Duji, A.A. (2016). Correlation analysis and causality of pattern effect and planting density on two rapeseed cultivars. Journal of Crop Breeding, 8(19): 218-227.
Reinfeld, E., Emmerich, A., Baumgarten, G., Winner, C. and Beiss, U. (1974). Zur voraussage des melassezuckers aus rubenanalysen. Zucker. 27:2-15
Sabokdast, M. and Khialparast, F.A. (2008). Study of relationship between grain yield and yield component in common bean cultivars (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Journal of Water and Soil Science, 11(42): 123-134.
Soghani, M., Vaezi, Sh., Sabaghpour, S.H. (2010). Study on correlation and path analysis for seed yield and its dependent traits in white bean genotypes (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Journal of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, 6(3): 27-36.
Sohrabi, Y., Shakiba, M.R., Abdollahian-Noghabi, M., Rahimzadeh, F., Tourchi, M. and Fotouhi, K. (2006). Evaluation of limited irrigation effect and root harvest time on yield and some quality characteristics of sugar beet. Journal of Pajouhesh & Sazandegi, 70: 8-15 (In Persian).
Zare, M. (2017). Analysis of phenotypic correlation and causality of different agronomic traits in barley under optimal irrigation conditions and drought stress. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology, 9(28): 60-67.
.