تأثیر عنصر روی و جیبرلیک اسید بر بهبود تبادلات گازی و عملکرد لوبیا سفید (Phaseolus vulgaris) با استفاده از دستگاه تحلیل گر گاز مادون قرمز در شرایط تنش خشکی

محورهای موضوعی : ژنتیک

عارفه عباسی ¹ , عباس ملکی ² , فرزاد بابایی ³ , هوشمند صفری ⁴ , علیرضا رنگین ⁵

1 - گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ایلام، ایلام، ایران.
2 - گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ایلام، ایلام، ایران.
3 - گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ایلام، ایلام، ایران.
4 - گروه جنگل‌ها و مراتع، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرمانشاه، کرمانشاه، ایران.
5 - گروه زیست شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ایلام، ایلام، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1398/09/21 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/02/17 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/01/01

کلید واژه: عملکرد, سولفات روی, رژیم آبیاری, لوبیا, جیبرلین,

چکیده مقاله :

تنش خشکی از عوامل اصلی کاهش عمکلرد گیاهانی مختلف به خصوص حبوبات می باشد، بنابراین استفاده از روش هایی که بتواند اثر سوء تنش بر گیاه را کاهش دهد، ضروی می باشد. به منظور بررسی اثر روی و جیبرلین بر خصوصیات بیوشیمیایی و فیزیولوژیکی لوبیا سفید (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) در شرایط تنش خشکی، آزمایشی در قالب طرح کرت‌های دو بار خرد شده با پایه‌ی بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در دو مکان (ایستگاه تحقیقاتی اسلام‌آباد غرب استان کرمانشاه، و ایستگاه تحقیقاتی خرم‌آباد استان لرستان) انجام شد. فاکتورهای آزمایشی شامل آبیاری در 3 سطح 60، 90 و 120 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشتک تبخیر کلاس A به عنوان کرت اصلی، محلول پاشی سولفات روی در 4 سطح 0، 5/1، 5/3 و 5/4 میلی‌لیتر در لیتر و 2 سطح محلول پاشی و محلول پاشی جیبرلین به عنوان کرت های فرعی بودند. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها و مقایسه میانگین داده ها به روش دانکن در سطح 5 درصد و توسط نرم افزار SPSS انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که اثر اصلی تنش خشکی و محلول‌پاشی سولفات روی بر تمام صفات معنی‌دار شد، همچنین محلول‌پاشی جیبرلین بر همه‌ی صفات به‌جز عملکرد و سرعت تعرق اثر معنی‌دار داشت. اثر متقابل سولفات روی، تنش و جیبرلین بر تمام صفات معنی‌داری بود. بیشترین عملکرد دانه مربوط به تیمار آبیاری نرمال و مصرف 5/4 میلی‌لیتر ‌در‌ لیتر روی بود که با‌ تیمار ‌تنش متوسط و مصرف 5/‌1‌میلی‌لیتر ‌در ‌لیتر روی و کاربرد جیبرلین اختلاف معنی‌دار نداشت.‌ کمترین عملکرد دانه در ‌تیمار ‌تنش‌ شدید‌ و استفاده‌ 5/3‌ میلی‌لیتر‌ در ‌لیتر‌‌ روی ‌و ‌محلول پاشی‌ جیبرلین‌ بود‌. بطور کلی عملکرد دانه در هر دو حالت تنش خشکی و عدم تنش افزایش یافت، بنابراین با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده مصرف 5/4 میلی‌لیتر در لیتر سولفات روی و محلول پاشی جیبرلین جهت کاهش اثرات تنش خشکی در زراعت لوبیا توصیه می‌گردد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Drought stress is one of the main factors in reducing the usefulness of various plants, especially legumes, so it is necessary to use methods that can reduce the effects of stress on the plant. In order to investigate the effect of zinc and gibberellin on the biochemical and physiological characteristics of white beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in drought stress conditions, an experiment in the form of double-plotted plot with a randomized complete block with three replications in two locations (Islamabad West Research Station). Kermanshah province, and Khorramabad research station in Lorestan province. Experimental factors include irrigation at 3 levels of 60, 90 and 120 mm evaporation from Class A evaporation pan as the main plot, zinc sulfate solution at 4 levels 0, 1.5, 3.5 and 4.5 ml/liter and 2 levels Gibberellin spraying and spraying were used as sub-plots. Data analysis and comparison of average data by Duncan's method was performed at 5% level by SPSS software. The results showed that the main effect of drought stress and zinc sulfate foliar application was significant on all traits, and the main effect of gibberellin foliar application on all traits was significant except for yield and transpiration rate. The interaction of zinc sulfate, stress and gibberellin had all significant properties. The highest grain yield was related to normal irrigation treatment and consumption of 4.5 ‌ml/l of zinc at, which differed from the treatment of moderate stress and consumption of 1.5 ‌ ml/l of zinc and the use of gibberellin. It did not make much sense. The lowest grain yield in the severe stress treatment and the use of 3.5 milliliters per liter on the gibberellin spray solution. In general, seed yield increased both in drought stress and non-stress conditions, so according to the results, it is recommended to consume 4.5  ml/l of zinc sulfate and Gibberellin foliar application to reduce the effects of drought stress on bean cultivation. 

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