ارزیابی فیتوشیمیایی، ضدباکتریایی و ضدآلزایمری عصاره گیاه دارویی Curcuma longa به روش مهار تولید نانوبیوفیبریل‏های آمیلوئیدی

محورهای موضوعی : گیاهان دارویی

زهرا صیادی قصبه ¹ , امیر آراسته ²

1 - گروه زیست‌شناسی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران
2 - گروه زیست شناسی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/04/14 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/03/08 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/03/01

کلید واژه: آلزایمر, زردچوبه, آمیلوئید, تورمرون, زینجیبرن, Curcuma longa L,

چکیده مقاله :

زرد چوبه با نام علمی Curcuma longa L. به تیره Zingiberaceae تعلق دارد. با توجه به ضرورت یافتن داروهای جدید ضدمیکروبی، در این مطالعه ارزیابی فیتوشیمیایی، اثر ضدباکتریایی و مهاری عصاره زرد چوبه بر تولید نانوبیوفیبریل های آمیلوئیدی انجام شده است. پوست خشک و سائیده شده گیاه در پائیز 1395 از کشور هندوستان تهیه و سپس به روش خیساندن عصاره گیری گردید. آنالیز ترکیبات ثانوی عصاره با روش کروماتوگرافی گازی-طیف سنجی جرمی انجام شد. اثر ضدمیکروبی عصاره آبی و هیدروالکلی زردچوبه با روش انتشار در آگار با ایجاد چاهک، MIC و MBC روی دو باکتری اشریشیاکلی و استافیلوکوکوس اورئوس بررسی شد. اثر مهاری عصاره هیدروالکلی بر تولید رشته های آمیلوئیدی با روش طیف سنجی مرئی مطالعه گردید. نتایج نشان داد تورمرون و زینجیبرن به ترتیب با 26/21 و 65/11 درصد فراوانترین ترکیبات موجود در عصاره هیدروالکلی بودند. قطر هاله عدم رشد در عصاره هیدروالکلی برای اشریشیاکلی ۱۲ و برای استافیلوکوکوس اورئوس ۱۳ میلی متر بود و در مورد عصاره آبی، هاله عدم رشد ایجاد نشد. میزان MIC در عصاره هیدروالکلی برای استافیلوکوکوس اورئوس و اشریشیاکلی به ترتیب ۲۶ و ۵۳ و در عصاره آبی برای هر دو باکتری ۱۲۳ میلی گرم بر میلی لیتر گزارش شد. میزان MBC نیز در حضور عصاره هیدروالکلی برای استافیلوکوکوس اورئوس و اشریشیاکلی به ترتیب ۵۳ و ۱۰۶ و برای عصاره آبی برای هر دو باکتری ۲۴۷ میلی گرم بر میلی لیتر گزارش شد. افزایش غلظت عصاره هیدروالکلی، تولید رشته های آمیلوئیدی را تا 40 درصد میزان اولیه کاهش داد و این کاهش با میکروسکوپ الکترونی گذاره تائید شد. عصاره هیدروالکلی زردچوبه با اثرات ضدمیکروبی و کاهندگی که بر تولید رشته های آمیلوئید دارد، می تواند به عنوان یکی از داروهای مفید برای کاهش عوارض بیماری آلزایمر مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Turmeric, scientifically known as Curcuma longa L., belongs to the zingiberaceae family. Due to the need to find new antimicrobial drugs, in this study the phytochemical evaluation, antibacterial and inhibitory effects of turmeric extract were investigated on the production of amyloid nanobiofibrils. Dry and abraded skin of the plant was prepared from India in autumn 2016 and then extracted by maceration method. Analysis of secondary compounds of the extract was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The anti-microbial effect of aqueous and hydro-alcoholic extract of turmeric was investigated by the agar well diffusion method, MIC and MBC on two Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Anti-Alzheimer's effects of Hydro-alcoholic extract on the production of amyloid fibrils were studied by spectrophotometry. The results showed that Turmerone and Zingiburn were the most abundant compounds in hydro-alcoholic extract with 21.26% and 11.65%, respectively. The diameter of the non-growth halo in the hydro-alcoholic extract was 12 for Escherichia coli and 13 mm for Staphylococcus aureus and in the case of aqueous extract, no growth halo was created. The MIC was reported in hydro-alcoholic extracts for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli at 26 and 53, respectively and in the aqueous extract for both bacteria at 123 mg/ml. MBC levels were also reported in the presence of hydro-alcoholic extracts for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli at 53 and 106, respectively and for aqueous extract for both bacteria at 247 mg/ml. Increasing the concentration of Hydro-alcoholic extract reduced the production of amyloid fibrils by up to 40 % of the initial amount and this decrease was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. Hydro-alcoholic extract of turmeric with antimicrobial and reducing effects on the production of amyloid fibrils, can be used as one of the useful drugs to reduce the complications of Alzheimer's disease.

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