آسیب شناسی پدیده کودکان کار شهر تهران با رویکرد فازی
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات جامعه شناختی شهریعلی اصغر سعدآبادی 1 , فاطمه فهری 2
1 - استادیار گروه سیاستگذاری علم و فناوری دانشگاه شهید بهشتی (نویسنده مسئول)
2 - دانشجوی دکتری کارآفرینی دانشگاه تهران
کلید واژه: دلفی فازی, کودکان کار, کودکان خیابان, راهکار مقابله با خیابانی شدن, تحلیل و توسعه گزینه استراتژیک (سودا),
چکیده مقاله :
با آسیب شناسی پدیده کودکان کار و علل و پیامدهای شکلگیری آن در شهر تهران با رویکرد فازی، راهکارهایی مطلوب برای مقابله با این پدیده ارائه شده است. در این راستا پژوهش حاضر با استفاده از روش تحلیل محتوا و دادهکاوی، مؤلفه‌های ناظر بر علل و پیامدهای پیدایش کودکان کار و راهکارهای متناظر با آن‌ها را استخراج کرد. با کاربست روش دلفی فازی پرسشنامهها تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. با مدل سه‌شاخگی راهکارها در شاخه های محتوا، ساختار و زمینه دسته بندی شدند. برای تعیین ارتباط میان مؤلفه‌های مورد اجماع نخبگان، روش تحلیل و توسعه گزینه استراتژیک (سودا) به کار گرفته شد. در نهایت با ادغام نقشههای خبرگان، مدل واحدی اتخاذ شد که شامل 45 مولفه و 57 راهکار است. طبق یافتهها، فقر عامل اصلی بروز و شیوع این پدیده است که عوامل ساختاری یا مسائل مرتبط با دولت و قانونگذاری با بیشترین اثرگذاری در حل مسائل کودکان خیابانی، میتواند منجر به کاهش فقر گردد. عوامل محتوایی در درجه دوم اهمیت قرار دارند. وجود راهکارهای متعدد در حوزه مسائل فرهنگی و دینی نیز از نکات قابل توجه میباشد.
.The phenomenon of street children and child labour has increasingly become a major challenge in Tehran. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the causes and consequences of emerging child labour and then offer a proper approach for its solution. Using data mining and content analysis, elements contributing to the causes and consequences of street childeren were identified. The questionnaries were analyzed using Fuzzy Delphi approach. Then using 3C model, approaches toward street children were sorted in three branches of Content, Structure and Context. In order to demonstrate the relation between elements that were agreed on by the experts, the strategic options development and analysis (SODA) method was implemented. Eventually, by integrating expert's plans, a model emerged that consisted of 45 indices and 57 approches. The findings showed that poverty was the main cause of the occurrence and prevalence of this phenomenon, and structural factors or issues related to government and legislation can have the greatest impact on solving the problems of street children, and can lead to poverty reduction. Content factors are of secondary importance. The existence of various solutions in the field of cultural and religious arenas is also noteworthy.
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