تحلیل فضایی طرح های اشتغال زایی روستایی(مطالعه موردی: نواحی روستایی شهرستان طارم)
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی روستایی و عشایری
وحید ریاحی
1
(دانشیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران)
سعید نصیری زارع
2
(دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران)
کلید واژه: مزیت نسبی, شهرستان طارم, طرح های اشتغال زایی, خوشه های فعالیت,
چکیده مقاله :
اشتغال ازجمله مؤلفه های دارای اولویت درزندگی روستانشینان بوده و توجه به آن به دلیل نقش آن در توسعه این مناطق ضروری و لازمه ی چنین امری توزیع عادلانه فرصت های اشتغال وپرداختن به آن در این مناطق است. هدف تحقیق، تحلیل فضایی طرح های اشتغال زایی در نواحی روستایی شهرستان طارم بود. تحقیق از نوع کاربردی و به لحاظ روش ماهیتی توصیفی-تحلیلی و اطلاعات آن به صورت اسنادی جمع آوری شد. جامعه ی آماری شامل تمام نواحی روستایی شهرستان طارم و حجم نمونه ی آن نیز برابر با 54 نقطه روستایی بود. همچنین با توجه به اشتغال و زمینه فعالیت طرح ها، خوشه های فعالیت در گروه های اقتصادی بررسی و برای بررسی مزیت نسبی شهرستان طارم از منابع اسنادی بهره گرفته شد. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد بیشترین طرح های اشتغال زایی به ترتیب در بخش های دامپروری، صنعت و زراعت بوده و زمینه ی فعالیت طرح ها متناسب با مزیت نسبی نواحی روستایی مورد مطالعه که در شرایط مناسبی برای فعالیت های زراعی، توسعه صنعت و خدمات گردشگری قرار دارند، بوده است. همچنین بیشترین خوشه های فعالیت در بخش زراعت بوده و این بخش با این که تعداد وام و تسهیلات اشتغال زایی کمتری نسبت به بخش دامپروری داشته اما با توجه به خوشه های فعالیت که در خوشه اول(تولید)و خوشه دوم(فرآوری)داشته، توانسته اشتغال بیشتری نسبت به سایر بخش های اقتصادی فراهم آورد. بدین ترتیب توجه به خوشه های فعالیت در طرح های اشتغال زایی می تواند اشتغال و تنوع شغلی بیشتری را برای نواحی روستایی فراهم آورد.
Employment is one of the priority components of rural life and its attention is essential due to its role in the development of these areas and the necessity of such an equitable distribution of employment opportunities in these areas. The purpose of this study was spatial analysis of employment plans in rural areas of Tarom city. The research was applied in terms of descriptive-analytic nature and its data were collected through documents. The statistical population included all rural areas of Tarom city and its sample size was 54 rural points. Also, considering the employment and activity of the projects, clusters of activity in economic groups were studied and documentary sources were used to study the relative advantage of Tarom. The results showed that most of the job creation schemes were in the livestock, industry and agriculture sectors, respectively, and the scope of the projects was proportional to the relative advantage of the rural areas under study, which are suitable for agricultural activities, industry development and tourism services. , have been. Also, most of the clusters of activity were in the agriculture sector, and although it had fewer loans and facilities than the livestock sector, it was able to achieve the clusters of activity in the first (production) and second (processing) clusters. Provided more employment than other sectors of the economy. Thus, paying attention to the clusters of activities in job creation schemes can provide more employment and job diversification for rural areas.
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