فهرست مقالات microbial protein

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  1 - The Effect of Different Level of Concentrates in Diet on Microbial Protein Synthesis in Iranian Native Buffaloes
  K. Jafari Khorshidi Y. Vakilfaraji M. M. Zahedifar
  This research was conducted to estimate the amount of microbial protein synthesis in Iranian buffaloes' rumen. Four male swamp buffaloes with average live body weight of 140±10 kg were used in this study. Four diets of 0 (control diet, 100% forage), 15, 30 and 45 چکیده کامل

  This research was conducted to estimate the amount of microbial protein synthesis in Iranian buffaloes' rumen. Four male swamp buffaloes with average live body weight of 140±10 kg were used in this study. Four diets of 0 (control diet, 100% forage), 15, 30 and 45% concentrate in a 4 × 4 Latin Square were tested. The results indicated that by increasing the concentrate level in the diet of swamp buffaloes. the amount of purine derivatives (PD) excreted in urine. The amount of allantoin excreted in urine increased by increasing concentrate level form 0 to 45% (13.2 and 21.8 mmol/day; P<0.01). There was no significant difference between uric acid excretion from buffaloes fed with diets contained 15 and 30% or 30 and 45% concentrate (P>0.01). However, there was a significant difference between diets containing 45 and 15% concentrate level (P<0.01). The difference between control diet and other diets containing different levels of concentrates were significant (P<0.01). The total purine derivatives excretion and microbial nitrogen synthesis in rumen increased from 14.5 in control diet to 18.11, 21.58 and 24.55 mmol/day and from 38.76 in control diet to 60.44, 81.48 and 99.43 g/day in buffalos fed diets containing 15, 30 and 45% concentrate, respectively. The results of this experiment indicated that increasing the concentrate level in diet of swamp buffaloes increases the amount of microbial protein synthesized in rumen. پرونده مقاله
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  2 - Effect of Silage from Five Varieties of Corn Forage on Feed Intake, Digestibility, and Ruminal Parameters in Sheep
  R. Iranmanesh M.M. Sharifi Hosseini R. Tahmasbi A. Maddahian O. Dayani
  In this study, the effect of silage made from five corn forage cultivars was investigated on feed intake and digestibility, and ruminal parameters in sheep. For this purpose, five Kermani rams were used with an average weight of 40.1 ± 2 kg. The experiment was co چکیده کامل

  In this study, the effect of silage made from five corn forage cultivars was investigated on feed intake and digestibility, and ruminal parameters in sheep. For this purpose, five Kermani rams were used with an average weight of 40.1 ± 2 kg. The experiment was conducted as a Latin square design (5×5) in five 21-day periods. Initially, 300 kg of each of the 5 corn forage varieties Dracma, Lavida, Sagunto, 704, and Korduna, silage was prepared in 90 × 45 cm plastic bags. Nearly after 60 days, the silages were evaluated. Silages were used in experimental diets with 40% corn silage, 20% dry alfalfa hay, and 40% concentrate (based on 100% dry matter). The dry matter intake (DMI) and other nutrients were not affected by the experimental diets. The digestibility of organic matter, ether extracts (EE), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were affected by the type of silage in the experimental diets (P<0.05). The digestibility was higher in diets containing Sagunto and 704 silage than the other silages (P<0.05). The NH3-N concentrations were higher in Sagunto cultivar than the Lavida cultivar and other corn silage cultivars. The number of Holotrich and Entodinium protozoa had the highest value (P<0.05) in the ruminal fluid in the diet of Sagunto cultivar. The type of silage had no significant effect on the pH, ruminal volatile fatty acids, blood parameters and microbial protein synthesis. The Lavida silage had the lowest ADF content, but the Lavida silage diet had the lowest organic matter (OM) digestibility. Lavida silage had the lowest ADF value, but the dietary OM digestibility of this silage was the lowest. پرونده مقاله
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  3 - Influence of Dietary Thyme Extract (<i>Thymus vulgaris</i>) on Performance, Purine Derivatives, Cellulase Activity and Ruminal Fermentation Parameters in Fattening Lambs and Goat Kids
  S. Shahravan T. Ghoorchi B. Dastar A.H. Toghdori M. Mohajer
  This study was investigated to compare the effects of thyme extract (Thymus vulgaris) on performance, ruminal fermentation, cellulase enzyme activity and microbial protein synthesis in fattening lambs and goat kids. For this purpose, 15 kids (average initial BW of 17.3& چکیده کامل

  This study was investigated to compare the effects of thyme extract (Thymus vulgaris) on performance, ruminal fermentation, cellulase enzyme activity and microbial protein synthesis in fattening lambs and goat kids. For this purpose, 15 kids (average initial BW of 17.3&plusmn;1.2 kg, 3 month-old) and 15 lambs (average initial BW of 21.4&plusmn;1.5 kg, 3 month-old) were randomly assigned to 3 dietary treatment: 1) control (without thyme extract), 2) supplemented with 250 mg thyme extract, 3) supplemented with 500 mg thyme extract. Animals were housed in individual pens for 84 days. Experimental results showed that different levels of thyme extract had a significant effect on daily weight gain and feed intake in both species, so that in animals fed 250 mg of thyme extract was higher than the other treatments (P&lt;0.01). Rumen pH was not affected by experimental treatments. The lowest NH3-N was observed in the treatment containing 250 mg of thyme extract (P&lt;0.01). The total concentrations of volatile fatty acids (VFA) as well as butyrate and acetate in ruminal fluid decreased significantly with increasing thyme extract; but propionate was increased in kids and lambs fed with 250 mg of thyme extract (P&lt;0.01). Microbial protein produced in the rumen were significantly affected by experimental treatments (P&lt;0.01). The activity of cellulolytic enzymes was not affected by the treatments. Our findings indicate that 250 mg thyme extract can be used in diet without adverse effect on lambs and kids. The lambs were also more affected by the thyme extract than the kids. پرونده مقاله
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  4 - The Effect of Grain Particle Size (Barley and Wheat) on Rumen Fermentation Parameters in Fattening Lambs
  S.M.  Hosseini T.  Ghoorchi A.  Toghdory
  This study was conducted to investigate the effects of grain (barley and wheat) size on rumen fermentation characteristics in fattening Dalaq breed lambs of the study was (3×2) completely randomized design with 6 treatments including; milled barley grain with sieve numb چکیده کامل

  This study was conducted to investigate the effects of grain (barley and wheat) size on rumen fermentation characteristics in fattening Dalaq breed lambs of the study was (3×2) completely randomized design with 6 treatments including; milled barley grain with sieve number two, milled barley grain with sieve number eight, unmilled barley grain, milled wheat grain with sieve number two, milled wheat grain with sieve number eight and unmilled wheat grain were plotted with 5 repetitions. Animals were housed in individual pens for 84 days. Rumen pH was not affected by experimental treatments. There was not significant (P>0.05) effect of grain paricle size on NH3-N ammonia nitrogen and microbial count although though, processing type it was affected by the type of processing and in the treatment of barley grain it was more than wheat. Also in the type of processing, sieve No. 2 produced more ammonia nitrogen. Counting of pro-tozoa was significant in treatments containing barley and wheat and in barley treatment it was more than wheat (P0.01). The total concentrations of volatile fatty acids (VFA) was not affected by the type of grain. Mi-crobial nitrogen and microbial protein produced in the rumen were significantly affected by experimental treatments and both of them were more than wheat in the treatment of barley seeds (P<0.01). Allantoin and uric acid were not affected, and absorbed purine and xanthine and hypoxanthine were affected by the grain effect. The activity of carboxy methyl cellulase enzyme was not affected by the treatments although micro-crystals cellulase enzyme in intracellular and total was affected by the treatments and it was more in barley. پرونده مقاله