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دسترسی آزاد مقاله
1 - بررسی تغییرات محتوای فنل، فلاونویید کل و عملکرد آنتی‌اکسیدانی گیاه دارویی Gundelia tournefortii L. در مراحل مختلف رشد در چهار رویشگاه شمال شرق استان خوزستان
لیلا خلاصی اهوازی غلام علی حشمتی پرژک ذوفن موسی اکبرلوکنگر علوفه‌ای (Gundelia tournefortii L.) از گیاهان بومی ایران با ارزش دارویی- علوفه‌ای تیره Asteraceae است. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی تغییرات محتوای فنل، فلاونویید کل و ارزیابی عملکرد آنتی‌اکسیدانی گیاه در مراحل مختلف رشد در چهار رویشگاه شمال شرق استان خوزستان با اختلاف ا چکیده کاملکنگر علوفه‌ای (Gundelia tournefortii L.) از گیاهان بومی ایران با ارزش دارویی- علوفه‌ای تیره Asteraceae است. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی تغییرات محتوای فنل، فلاونویید کل و ارزیابی عملکرد آنتی‌اکسیدانی گیاه در مراحل مختلف رشد در چهار رویشگاه شمال شرق استان خوزستان با اختلاف ارتفاع 900 متر انجام گرفت. سرشاخه‌های هوایی گیاه از چهار رویشگاه طبیعی شمال شرق خوزستان (دره‌خرسون، شاهزاده احمد 1، شاهزاده احمد 2 و دهدز)، در سه مرحله رویشی، گلدهی و بذردهی جمع‌آوری گردید.محتوای فنل وفلاونوئید کل عصاره‌های متانولی با استفاده از روش اسپکتروفتومتری و فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی با روش به‌دام‌اندازی رادیکال آزاد DPPH اندازه‌گیری گردید. با توجه به نتایج تحلیل واریانس چندمتغیره (MANOVA)، عوامل رویشگاه، اندام و فنولوژی هر کدام به‌صورت جداگانه و اثر متقابل رویشگاه-اندام گیاه، رویشگاه- مراحل‌فنولوژی، رویشگاه-اندام گیاه- مراحل‌فنولوژی با اطمینان 99 درصد بر فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی، میزان فنل و فلاونوئید کل این گیاه اثر معنی‌دار داشت. میانگین تیمارها در سه تکرار با استفاده ازآزمون دانکن مورد مقایسه قرار گرفتند (01/0P<). نتایج نشان داد بیشترین میزان فنل کل (9/56 میلی‌گرم گالیک اسید در گرم ماده خشک)، فلاونوئید کل (03/7 میلی‌گرم کوئرستین در گرم ماده خشک) و فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی (19/0 میلی‌گرم بر میلی‌لیتر) در رویشگاه دره خرسون گزارش گردید. همچنین عصاره گیاه در مرحله گلدهی و در همه رویشگاه‌ها از بیشترین محتوای ترکیبات فنلی و فلاونوییدی و عملکرد آنتی‌اکسیدانی برخوردار بود. پرونده مقاله -
دسترسی آزاد مقاله
2 - Forage Quality of Salsola turcomanica (Litv) in Semi-arid Region of Gomishan, Golestan Province, Iran
Armin Arrekhi Hamid Niknahad Gharmakher Johann Bachinger Ralf Bloch Johannes HufnagelThe information about the forage quality of rangeland species is essential to supply a reasonable diet to livestock and determine thestocking rate and grazing time on rangelands. Salsola turcomanica is one of the important species of semi-arid rangelands in the Western چکیده کاملThe information about the forage quality of rangeland species is essential to supply a reasonable diet to livestock and determine thestocking rate and grazing time on rangelands. Salsola turcomanica is one of the important species of semi-arid rangelands in the Western part of Golestan province, Iran. The present study was conducted to provide information about the nutritive value of S.turcomanica at different growth stages in 2019. Plant samples (with three replications) were randomly collected in four growth stages (vegetative stage, early flowering, late flowering and seed maturity) from Gomishan rangelands during the summer and autumn 2019. Seven quality indices, including Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF), Crude Protein (CP), Dry Matter Digestibility (DMD), Metabolizable Energy (ME), Digestible Energy (DE), Total Digestible Nutrient (TDN) and Ash content (Ash) were analyzed. Data analysis was performed using One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) method and mean comparisons were done by Duncan test. The results demonstrated that there are significant differences among phenological stages for all the traits (p <0.05). The results demonstrated that the content of CP (from 25.66% to 8.33%), DMD (from 84.45% to 56.31%), ME (from 12.35 to 7.57 MJ/Kg), Ash (from 40.03% to 35.60 %), DE (from 36.17 to 24.12 Mcal/Kg) and TDN (from 82.55% to 53.41%) were decreased by the progress of growth stages. Regarding its growth seasons and high values of CP, ME and DMD in all phenological stages, it is suggested that this species can have aprominent place in the grazing livestock diet in semi-arid rangelands. پرونده مقاله -
دسترسی آزاد مقاله
3 - Impact of Sowing Date on Growth, Phenology and Yield of Three Ecotypes of Astragalus cyclophyllon G. Beek in Semirom Rangelands, Iran
Masoud Esmaeili Sharif Amir Hooshang Jalali Roja shabahangIn order to compare the effect of sowing date on plant growth, development stages and forage yield of three Astragalus cyclophyllon G. Beek ecotypes, a study was conducted in 2010-2011 cropping years in Hanna station, Semirom county, Iran. Three Astragalus ecotypes were چکیده کاملIn order to compare the effect of sowing date on plant growth, development stages and forage yield of three Astragalus cyclophyllon G. Beek ecotypes, a study was conducted in 2010-2011 cropping years in Hanna station, Semirom county, Iran. Three Astragalus ecotypes were originated from Hanna, Golpayegan and Chadegan in Isfahan province, Iran. Seeds were sown in spring and autumn sowing dates using split plot design based on completely randomized blocks in three replications. The results showed that the effect of year was not significant, but the ecotype by sowing date interaction effect was significant on yield and yield components (P<0.01). The required temperature units such as Growth Degree Days (GDD) for spring and autumn sowing dates were 2848°C and 2793°C, respectively. The effect of sowing date on emergence percent and forage yield was significant (p<0.05). Regardless of the ecotype type, the percentage of seed germination and forage yield in autumn sowing were 51 and 60% higher than spring sowing date, respectively. The dry weight of Hanna ecotype in autumn cultivation was 1280 kg ha-1, which was 55.8% and 58% higher than Golpayegan and Chadegan ecotypes, respectively. The reason for the increased yield in Hanna ecotype was of a higher ratio of its leaves. It was concluded that cultivation of Hanna ecotypes due to its higher forage production was recommended for cultivation in dryland farming and also to prevent its extinction in the study region. پرونده مقاله -
دسترسی آزاد مقاله
4 - Required Growing Degree-Days (GDDs) for each Phenological Stage of Fritillaria imperialis
Elahe Zafarian Ataollah Ebrahimi Ali Abbasi Esmaeel AsadiStudying plant phenology is very important to regulate the rangeland utilization. Plant phenology can be determined by Growing Degree Days (GDDs). Since temperature varies yearly, the phenological stages may consequently differ yearly. Determining the base temperature i چکیده کاملStudying plant phenology is very important to regulate the rangeland utilization. Plant phenology can be determined by Growing Degree Days (GDDs). Since temperature varies yearly, the phenological stages may consequently differ yearly. Determining the base temperature is one of the key steps in the calculation of GDDs. The aim of this study was to calculate the required GDDs for each phenological stage to predict phenological stage of Fritillaria imperialis based on GDDs in the consequent years. To do so, Fritillaria bulbs were placed at constant temperatures of 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4°C. The length of sprouts as a growth index was measured as a function of temperature. Plant chronology was recorded in three day intervals from March 1st, 2016 in the field and the date of each phenological stage was recorded in the form of an index developed by combining Fick and Haun indices. Then, 20 plant individuals were selected in Dasht-e-Laleh of Kouhrang County, Iran and their growth stages were recorded. Meanwhile, the required amount of accumulated GDDs (AGDDs) to reach each phenological stage was also calculated. Results showed that Fritillaria imperialis began the sprouting (phase E) after receiving 130.75 GDDs on March 23rd, 2016. The emergence of leaves began on 27th March with 166.30 GDDs and finished on 9th April. Finally, this plant on 9th May received 560 AGDDs and went to senescence. Based on the phenological data, when the plant received 240 AGDDs, flowering stage started. The most appropriate time for tourist entrance is in the R2 stage (flower opening) when the plant receives 298.8 AGDDs and the best exit time is when the plant receives 359.2 AGDDs. So, the relationship between phenological stages of the plant and GDDs will be useful in visiting the site in terms of ecotourism and determining proper visit times. پرونده مقاله -
دسترسی آزاد مقاله
5 - Forage Quality of Calligonum comosum in Three Phenological Growth Stages (Case study: Kashan Rangelands, Iran)
Reza Dehghani BidgoliDetermination of forage quality of plant species in natural habitats such as rangelands and deserts is one of the most important factors for grazing management of these ecosystems. For this purpose, the nutritional values of Calligonum comosum in three phenological stag چکیده کاملDetermination of forage quality of plant species in natural habitats such as rangelands and deserts is one of the most important factors for grazing management of these ecosystems. For this purpose, the nutritional values of Calligonum comosum in three phenological stages (vegetative growth, flowering, and seedling) were determined in desert habitats located in the northeast of Kashan, Iran (in 2017). Plant samples were collected from five plants as a replication in each phenological stage and the forage quality indices including Crude Protein (CP), Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF), Crude Fiber (CF), Dry Matter Digestibility (DMD), Total Energy (TE) and Metabolic Energy (ME) were determined. The results of ANOVA showed a significant effect of phenological stages on CP and TE (P<0.01) and DMD and ME (P<0.05). Higher and lower values of CP, DMD, TE and ME were obtained in vegetative growth and seed maturity stages, respectively. For these traits, there were no differences between flowering and vegetative growth stages. In contrast, higher and lower values for ADF were obtained in seed maturity and vegetative growth stage, respectively. It was concluded that the Calligonum comosum had higher quality in flowering and vegetative growth stages than that for seed maturity stage. Therefore, the flowering stage was considered as the best stage for grazing of this plant species. پرونده مقاله -
دسترسی آزاد مقاله
6 - Effects of Phenological Stages on Yield and Quality Traits in 22 Populations of Tall Wheatgrass Agropyron elongatum Grown in Lorestan, Iran
A. A. Jafari H. Anvari H. Nakhjavan E. RahmaniThe objective of this research was to study the effects of phenological stages on yield and quality traits in 22 populations of tall wheatgrass Agropyron elongatum. A split plot design was conducted using a complete randomized block with two replications in Lorestan (Bo چکیده کاملThe objective of this research was to study the effects of phenological stages on yield and quality traits in 22 populations of tall wheatgrass Agropyron elongatum. A split plot design was conducted using a complete randomized block with two replications in Lorestan (Borujerd), Iran during 2007-2008. The genotypes were cut in five maturity stages as vegetation, stem elongation, heading date, anthesis, milky development and dough seed stage as main plots. Data were collected and analyzed for DM yield, stem number, plant height and three quality traits as; dry matter digestibility (DMD), water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) and crude protein (CP). The results showed the significant effects of phonological stages, genotypes and genotypes×phonology interaction effects for all of traits except stem number. The stem elongation and dough seed stages with average values of 2.58 and 5.08 Kg/ha had the lowest and highest yield production, respectively. In contrast, the average values of DMD and CP were high in both vegetation and stem elongation stages and they dramatically decreased in mature hay by 13% and 35% lower than those of vegetation hay, respectively. For WSC, the highest values (14.3 and 14.4%) were obtained in heading and pollination stages. Based on both yield and quality traits, it concluded that heading and pollination stages were the best stage for harvesting maximum DM yield couple with three quality traits DMD, WSC and CP yields in tall wheatgrass under conservation management. In comparison among genotypes, 301P10 (Alborz), 301M2 (Alborz) and 1599P10 (Gorgan), 1599P4 (Gorgan) 774M (Takestan) and 1755P9 (Ormia) with the range of 4.03 and 4.98 ton/ha had the higher forage production. Among them, 1599P10 (Gorgan), 774M (Takestan) and 1755P9 (Ormia) were recognized as the best genotypes for both yield and quality trait. پرونده مقاله -
دسترسی آزاد مقاله
7 - Variations of Water Soluble Carbohydrate in Plant Organs of Bromus tomentellus and Festuca ovina in Three Phenological Stages
Hoseyn Arzani Mehdi Zohdi Ghavam Aldin Zahedi Raziyeh Shahbandari Roja SafaianInformation on quality characteristics of forage species help the range managers to select a suitable grazing program that minimizes the damages to vegetation. Water Soluble Carbohydrates (WSC) -the main photosynthetic products- are stored in various plant parts and are چکیده کاملInformation on quality characteristics of forage species help the range managers to select a suitable grazing program that minimizes the damages to vegetation. Water Soluble Carbohydrates (WSC) -the main photosynthetic products- are stored in various plant parts and are more likely to be consumed when plants require them. In order to investigate the changes of WSC in distinguishable organs in three phenological stages, samples were taken from Bromus tomentellus and Festuca ovina in three phenological stages (vegetation, flowering and maturity). Samples of roots and aerial parts were taken for both species using a completely randomized factorial arrangement-based design with the phenological stages regarded as the first factor and herbage parts as the second factor with 5 replications. Higher WSC values were observed in the leaves of B. tomentellus (4.6%) and F. ovina (4.5%) in maturity and flowering stages, respectively. Maximum WSC values of roots were obtained in B. tomentellus (3.2%) and F. ovina (3.5%) at vegetation and maturity stages, respectively. It was suggested that range utilization in a phenological stage might be managed in which forage species can withstand the defoliation without severe reserve depletion. Results indicate that except flowering stage in B. tomentellus, WSC was increased with the increase of panicle weight in the maturity stage and there was an inverse relationship between plant components and WSC content percent in the other phenological stages. پرونده مقاله -
دسترسی آزاد مقاله
8 - Variations in Forage Quality of Two Halophyte Species, Camphorosma monspeliaca and Limonium iranicum at Three Phenological Stages
Abbas Ahmadi Masoud Gomarian Mojdeh SanjariThis study was conducted to compare forage quality of two native halophytespecies Camphorosma monspeliaca and Limonium iranicum collected from Meighansaline rangelands near Arak city in center of Iran. Edible biomass of both species wassampled on three phonological stag چکیده کاملThis study was conducted to compare forage quality of two native halophytespecies Camphorosma monspeliaca and Limonium iranicum collected from Meighansaline rangelands near Arak city in center of Iran. Edible biomass of both species wassampled on three phonological stages (vegetative growth, full flowering and seedripening). Forage quality indices such as Crude Protein (CP), Dry Matter Digestibility(DMD), Dry Matter Intake (DMI), Metabolizable Energy (ME), Acid Detergent Fiber(ADF), Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF) and Phosphorus (P) were evaluated. The resultsindicated there were significant differences (p<0.01) between species and phenologicalstages. L. iranicum had the highest CP (14.62%) in vegetative stage while C. monspeliacahad the lowest CP (5.39%) in flowering stage. C. monspeliaca also exhibited the highestRelative Feeding Values (RFV=135.9), which was significantly different from those of L.iranicum. In both species, the CP, DMD and ME were decreased with progressingphonological stages while ADF and NDF, increased. Our findings showed that thesehalophyte species contain reasonable CP level which could provide N requirements ofgrazing animals whereas Phosphorus was deficient for sheep, suggesting supplementaryfeeding. The results support the good potential of halophytes and salt tolerant plants assource of livestock fodders and arid and semi-arid rangelands improvement. پرونده مقاله -
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9 - Investigation of Forage Quality of Vetiveria zizanioides in Semi-Steppe Region of Maravehtappeh, Golestan Province, Iran
Masoumeh Ahmadi Beni Hamid Niknahad Gharmakher Mojgan Sadat Azimi Mashad Gholi MaramaeiAbstract. Information on forage quality in phenological stage could help range managers to choose suitable grazing method to achieve higher animal performance without detriment to vegetation. Vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides) is a non-native perennial grass that was چکیده کاملAbstract. Information on forage quality in phenological stage could help range managers to choose suitable grazing method to achieve higher animal performance without detriment to vegetation. Vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides) is a non-native perennial grass that was introduced to the Iran in 2008. This plant is a multi use species that could be considered from different viewpoints. Thus, its forage quality in three phenological stages (vegetative, flowering and maturity) was investigated. Samples of each stage were collected and analyzed for 7 quality traits such as Crude Protein (CP), Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF), Dry Matter Digestibility (DMD), Metabolizable Energy (ME), Digestible Energy (DE), Ash content (Ash) and Total Digestible Nutrient (TDN). Data were statically analyzed using One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and mean comparisons were done by Duncan method. The results indicate that there was a significant difference among phenological stages for all the traits (p<0.01). As the plant age increased, the quality values including CP (from 8.89% to 5.25%), DMD (34.79% to 31.63%), ME (3.91 to 3.38 MJ/Kg), Ash (6.7% to 5.5 %,), DE (1.71 to 1.64 Mcals/Kg) and TDN (23.07% to 20.79%) were decreased while ADF was increased (from 63.72% to 65.7%). This led to the reduction of Vetiver grass forage quality. Because of lower values of CP, ME and DMD (except vegetative stage) and higher values of ADF, it was suggested that this species had no prominent place in the ruminants' diet. However, it played important roles in soil conservation and it may be complementary to the native vegetation because it is available at different times of the year considering its phenology and growth season. پرونده مقاله -
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10 - Chemical Composition and In Vitro Digestibility of Some Range Species in Rangelands of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran
Gholamreza ShadnoushFive common range forage including Agropyron intermedium, Bromustomentellus, Hordeum bulbosum, Cousinia bakhtiarica and Scariolla orientalis, weresampled during three phenological stages, from controlled rangeland stations over fivelocations in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari چکیده کاملFive common range forage including Agropyron intermedium, Bromustomentellus, Hordeum bulbosum, Cousinia bakhtiarica and Scariolla orientalis, weresampled during three phenological stages, from controlled rangeland stations over fivelocations in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran. All samples were chemicallyanalyzed for Crude Protein (CP%), in vitro Dry Matter Digestibility (DMD), OrganicMater Digestibility (OMD), Ether Extract (EE), Crude Fiber (CF), total Ash, NeutralDetergent Fiber (NDF) and Acid Dtergent Fiber (ADF). Results for Crude Protein (CP%)showed significant differences between phenological stages in all of species. Maximum CP(15.2%) was found in vegetation stage of Hordeum bulbosum and the minimum (2.9%)was in seed ripening stage. The CF% was significantly different between phenologicalstages as well as the species. The minimum and maximum values of CF% were found inAgropyron intermedium in Coosinia bakhtiarica, respectively. Similarly, the minimumvalues of NDF and ADF were found in vegetative stage of Scariolla orientalis andAgropyron intermedium respectively, but the maximum values were obtained in seedripening stage of Hordeum bulbosum and Cousinia bakhtiarica. The DMD and OMD%showed slightly reduction passing from vegetation to seed ripening stage in most of thespecies. The highest DMD and OMD% had been observed in vegetation stage of Scariollaorientalis and the lowest were in Bromus tomentellus. It can be concluded that in the earlystage of growth, the quality of forage in range species is adequate for livestockproduction but during that stage, the greatest problem is its lower quantity. By progress ofthe vegetation stage toward the seed ripening stage, the nutritive value of all speciesdecreased thus grazing animals oppose to nutrient deficiencies. پرونده مقاله -
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11 - ارزش غذایی گونه‌های Halocnemum strobilaceum (Pall.) M. Bieb. وHalostachys caspica (Pall.) C. A. Meyer در مراحل مختلف فنولوژی (مطالعه موردی: مراتع شمال غرب استان گلستان)
مجید شریفی راد غلامعلی حشمتی محمد باقر باقریه نجاراین تحقیق، به منظور تعیین ارزش غذایی گونه های Halocnemum strobilaceum و Halostachys caspica و مطالعه اثرات مراحل مختلف فنولوژیک (رشد رویشی، گلدهی، بذر دهی) بر میزان ترکیبات شیمیایی این دو گونه انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد پروتئین خام، ADF، NDF، DDM، میزان خاکستر، EE، ME، چکیده کاملاین تحقیق، به منظور تعیین ارزش غذایی گونه های Halocnemum strobilaceum و Halostachys caspica و مطالعه اثرات مراحل مختلف فنولوژیک (رشد رویشی، گلدهی، بذر دهی) بر میزان ترکیبات شیمیایی این دو گونه انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد پروتئین خام، ADF، NDF، DDM، میزان خاکستر، EE، ME، DMI، RFV، سدیم، پتاسیم، منیزیم، کلسیم، فسفر، مس، روی، آهن و منگنز در مراحل مختلف رشد تفاوت معنی داری با هم داشت (05/0P<). با افزایش رشد، مقدار ADF و NDF افزایش و مقدار پروتئین خام، DDM، DMI، انرژی متابولیسمی و RFV در هر دو گونه به طور معنی داری کاهش یافت(05/0P<). نتایج نشان داد که در هر سه مرحله فنولوژیکی کیفیت علوفه گونه H. caspica همواره بهتر از گونه H. strobilaceum بود (RFV: H. caspica> H. strobilaceum). همچنین نتایج نشان داد که میزان سدیم، پتاسیم، منیزیم، کلسیم، مس، آهن، منگنز این گونه ها در مراحل مختلف رشد، بیشتر از حد بحرانی برای نشخوارکنندگان بود اما میزان فسفر و روی آنها کمتر از حد بحرانی بود. به طورکلی عناصر معدنی دو گونه، نیاز دام به همه عناصر به جز دو عنصر فسفر و روی را تأمین می کنند. پرونده مقاله -
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12 - بررسی کیفیت علوفه ی گونه Gymnocarpus decander در مراحل مختلف فنولوژیک در استان هرمزگان (مطالعه موردی: مراتع شهرستان رودان)
محمد امین ناصری بازیاری محمد پیچند کیان نجفی تیره شبانکارهتعیین کیفیت علوفه‌ی گونه‌های موجود در مراتع یکی از مهم‌ترین عواملی است که جهت مدیریت صحیح مراتع لازم و ضروری است. تحقیق حاضر به ارزیابی کیفیت علوفه‌ی گونهGymnocarpos decander در منطقه‌ی رودان پرداخته است. طی این تحقیق در سه مرحله رویشی، گلدهی و بذردهی در سه تکرار و در ه چکیده کاملتعیین کیفیت علوفه‌ی گونه‌های موجود در مراتع یکی از مهم‌ترین عواملی است که جهت مدیریت صحیح مراتع لازم و ضروری است. تحقیق حاضر به ارزیابی کیفیت علوفه‌ی گونهGymnocarpos decander در منطقه‌ی رودان پرداخته است. طی این تحقیق در سه مرحله رویشی، گلدهی و بذردهی در سه تکرار و در هر تکرار 3 گیاه به صورت تصادفی انتخاب و نمونه-برداری از قسمت‌های هوایی و رشد سال جاری گیاه انجام شد. سپس در آزمایشگاه فاکتورهای دیواره سلولی عاری از همی سلولز، پروتیئن خام، ماده خشک قابل هضم، چربی خام، خاکستر خام، دیواره سلولی، کربوهیدرات قابل حل در آب، فسفر، کلسیم و انرژی متابولیسمی اندازه‌گیری شدند. داده‌های بدست آمده با نرم افزار آماری SPSSتجزیه و تحلیل گردیدند و مقایسه میانگین با استفاده از آزمون چند دامنه دانکن انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که کیفیت علوفه در این گونه با پیشرفت مراحل رشد کاهش می‌یابد. پروتئین خام در مرحله بذردهی کمترین مقدار را داشت و بین مرحله رویشی و گلدهی تفاوت معنی‌داری مشاهده شد. از طرفی مقدار انرژی متابولیسمی در مرحله گلدهی نسبت به مرحله بذردهی تفاوت معنی‌داری وجود داشت و مقدار بیشتری را نشان می‌داد. مرحله رویشی مقدار هضم‌پذیری و انرژی متابولیسمی بیشتری نسبت به مراحل دیگر داشت که در کل می‌توان گفت مرحله رویشی و گلدهی دارای کیفیت بیشتری نسبت به مرحله بذردهی می‌باشد و بر اساس کیفیت علوفه بهترین زمان چرا را مرحله گلدهی در نظر گرفت. پرونده مقاله -
دسترسی آزاد مقاله
13 - اثر تاریخ کاشت و سولفات‌روی بر فنولوژی، شاخص‌های رشد و عملکرد دانه بالنگوی شهری (Lallemantiaiberica (M.B.) Fischer & Meyer)
مینا رستمی فرید شکاری کامران افصحی مجید خیاویبالنگوی شهری به دلیل تولید دانه‌های روغنی، برگ‌های خوراکی و متابولیت‌های ثانویه دارای اهمیت غذایی، علوفه‌ای و دارویی است. انتخاب تاریخ مناسب کاشت در کنار تغذیه گیاهی می‌تواند اثر عمیقی روی تولید و کیفیت گیاهان زراعی داشته باشد. پژوهش حاضر جهت ارزیابی اثر تاریخ کاشت (25/ چکیده کاملبالنگوی شهری به دلیل تولید دانه‌های روغنی، برگ‌های خوراکی و متابولیت‌های ثانویه دارای اهمیت غذایی، علوفه‌ای و دارویی است. انتخاب تاریخ مناسب کاشت در کنار تغذیه گیاهی می‌تواند اثر عمیقی روی تولید و کیفیت گیاهان زراعی داشته باشد. پژوهش حاضر جهت ارزیابی اثر تاریخ کاشت (25/12/1397، 25/01/1398 و 23/02/1398) و محلول‌پاشی سولفات روی (صفر، 2 و 4 گرم در لیتر) بر شاخص‌های رشد و عملکرد بالنگوی شهری، به صورت مزرعه ای به اجرا درآمد. با تاخیر در کاشت طول دوره پیش از گلدهی، طول دوره پس از گلدهی، ارتفاع بوته، شاخص سطح برگ (LAI)، سرعت رشد محصول (CGR)، سرعت رشد نسبی (RGR) و عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گیاه کاهش پیدا کرد. در مقابل، استفاده از سولفات روی موجب افزایش ارتفاع بوته، LAI، CGR و RGR گردید. با افزایش ارتفاع بوته، تعداد شاخه فرعی و تعداد کپسول در بوته نیز افزایش پیدا کرد. بیشترین اثر کاربرد سولفات روی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد در تاریخ کاشت اول مشاهده شد و با تاخیر در کاشت کارایی استفاده از کود روی کاهش یافت. در تاریخ کاشت سوم کاربرد سولفات روی تأثیر معنی‌داری بر عملکرد دانه نداشت. تأخیر در کاشت موجب کاهش عملکرد از مسیر کاهش تعداد شاخه فرعی، تعداد کپسول در بوته و وزن هزاردانه گردید. نتایج نشان داد که کشت زودهنگام و کاربرد سولفات روی از مسیر افزایش طول دوره پیش از گلدهی و پس از گلدهی، LAI، RGR و CGR موجب افزایش ارتفاع بوته، تعداد شاخه فرعی، تعداد کپسول در بوته و وزن هزاردانه و در نتیجه موجب عملکرد دانه بالاتر در بالنگوی شهری گردید. پرونده مقاله
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