• فهرست مقالات Maxwell model

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        1 - بررسی اثر صمغ‌های گوار و زانتان بر خصوصیات ویسکوالاستیکی کیک اسفنجی بدون گلوتن با استفاده از آزمون رهایی تنش
        هادی باقری عبدالستار عوض صوفیان مهران اعلمی
        مقدمه: با توجه به نیاز تغذیه ای بیماران سلیاکی به یک رژیم غذایی فاقد گلوتن، مطالعه در مورد تولید و بهبود محصولات بدون گلوتن افزایش یافته است. با توجه به برخی از مشکلات کیفی مانند حجم پایین و بافت ضعیف در محصولات بدون گلوتن نظیر کیک برنجی، استفاده از ترکیبات بهبود دهنده چکیده کامل
        مقدمه: با توجه به نیاز تغذیه ای بیماران سلیاکی به یک رژیم غذایی فاقد گلوتن، مطالعه در مورد تولید و بهبود محصولات بدون گلوتن افزایش یافته است. با توجه به برخی از مشکلات کیفی مانند حجم پایین و بافت ضعیف در محصولات بدون گلوتن نظیر کیک برنجی، استفاده از ترکیبات بهبود دهنده مانند هیدروکلوئیدها که خواص ویسکوالاستیک گلوتن را شبیه سازی می‌کنند، ضروری به نظر می رسد. از آنجا که گلوتن به عنوان یک ترکیب ویسکوالاستیک شناخته می شود و با توجه به عدم حضور گلوتن در کیک برنجی و استفاده از هیدروکلوئید ها که منجر به تغییر خصوصیات ویسکوالاستیک خواهد گردید، بنابراین مطالعه رفتار ویسکوالاستیک کیک برنجی بدون گلوتن حاوی هیدروکلوئید ها ضرروری به نظر می رسد. مواد و روش‌ها: دراین مطالعه اثر صمغ های گوار و زانتان بر خصوصیات ویسکوالاستیکی کیک برنجی بدون گلوتن با استفاده از آزمون رهایی تنش مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت و سپس توسط دو مدل پلک- نورمند و ماکسول تعمیم یافته مورد مدل سازی قرار گرفت. آنالیز آماری داده ها با استفاده از آنالیز واریانس یک طرفه و به منظور مقایسه میانگین ها از آزمون دانکن در سطح 5 درصد استفاده شد. یافته‌ ها: نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش غلظت صمغ های گوار و زانتان، مقدار F0،K1،K2و پارامتر های مدل ماکسول کاهش یافت. این بدین معنی است که با افزودن صمغ گوار و زانتان نرخ کاهش نیروی اولیه افزایش یافت، بنابراین رفتار کیک حاوی صمغ، بیشتر متمایل به رفتار شبه مایع می باشد. با توجه به SSEو R2 مدل می توان بیان کرد که مدل پلگ- نورمند نیز می تواند به شکلی مناسب رفتار تنش ویسکوالاستیک کیک بدون گلوتن را در طول زمان توجیه نماید اما نسبت به مدل ماکسول از اعتبار پائین تری برخوردار است. نتیجه گیری: خصوصیات ویسکوالاستیکی کیک بدون گلوتن حاوی صمغ گوار و زانتان بهبود یافته و رفتار کیک حاوی صمغ متمایل به رفتار شبه مایع گردید. پرونده مقاله
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        2 - Influence of Guar Gum on Texture Profile Analysis and Stress Relaxation Characteristics of Carrot Sponge Cake
        F. Salehi M. Kashaninejad
        Stress relaxation has traditionally been employed as one of the principal means for measuring the viscoelastic behavior of foods. The objective of this study was to determine the texture profile analysis and stress relaxation characteristics of carrot sponge cake formul چکیده کامل
        Stress relaxation has traditionally been employed as one of the principal means for measuring the viscoelastic behavior of foods. The objective of this study was to determine the texture profile analysis and stress relaxation characteristics of carrot sponge cake formulated with four different levels of guar gum (0, 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 %). Texture profile analysis results showed a decrease in the carrot cake consistency, gumminess and chewiness with increasing the level of gum. The consistency and hardness values decreased from 4773.11 to 2260.60 g.s and 915.45 to 458.54 g with increasing guar gum levels from 0 to 0.75 %, respectively. The results showed that mechanical stress relaxation data of carrot sponge cakes were fitted well by both the Peleg-Normand and four-element Maxwell models. The F0 (initial force) and %SR (percentage stress relaxation) parameter of carrot sponge cakes decreased with increasing gum concentration (P<0.05). Although all decay forces (F1, F2 , F3 and F4) of the carrot sponge cakes obviously decreased with increasing guar gum concentration. The elasticity of the carrot sponge cakes was the highest at 0.75% guar gum concentration. پرونده مقاله
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        3 - Modeling of Compression Curves of Flexible Polyurethane Foam with Variable Density, Chemical Formulations and Strain Rates
        M.F Alzoubi S Al-Hallaj M Abu-Ayyad
        Flexible Polyurethane (PU) foam samples with different densities and chemical formulations were tested in quasi-static stress-strain compression tests. The compression tests were performed using the Lloyd LR5K Plus instrument at fixed compression strain rate of 0.033 s- چکیده کامل
        Flexible Polyurethane (PU) foam samples with different densities and chemical formulations were tested in quasi-static stress-strain compression tests. The compression tests were performed using the Lloyd LR5K Plus instrument at fixed compression strain rate of 0.033 s-1 and samples were compressed up to 70% compression strains. All foam samples were tested in the foam rise direction and their compression test stress results were modeled using a constitutive Polymeric or Phenomenological Foam Model (PFM). In this research, a new constitutive PFM model that consists of mechanical systems such as dashpots and springs was formulated to be used for different strain rate experiments. The experimental compression test results for different strain rates were compared to the PFM model results for all foam samples. Both modeling and experimental results showed pretty good agreement. From curve fitting of the experimental tests with the PFM model; different mechanical materials’ coefficients such as elastic and viscous parameters were computed. These mechanical parameters are indeed important characteristics for viscoelastic materials. This model can be used for constant and variable strain rates and for characterizing biomechanical material applications such as bone tissues, muscle tissues and other cellular materials. پرونده مقاله
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        4 - Evaluation of CO2/CH4 Gas Separation in PVA and PVC Mixed Matrix Membrane Permeation Models
        Elaheh Gandomkar Ghalhari Samaneh Koudzari Farahani Abdolreza Moghadassi Ezzatollah Joudaki Seyyed Mohsen Hosseini
        The purpose of this paper is to examine, predict and compare gas transport behavior of mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) combined with porous particles with different polymeric matrix. In this regard, composite flat sheet membranes are prepared from different amounts of pol چکیده کامل
        The purpose of this paper is to examine, predict and compare gas transport behavior of mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) combined with porous particles with different polymeric matrix. In this regard, composite flat sheet membranes are prepared from different amounts of poly(Polyvinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly vinyl chloride (PVC) Gas permeability were studied for the prepared membranes. Then these membranes modelled were performed by Maxwell, and the results of Maxwell model with the experimental data were compared and the percentage of error was shown. Studied results showed that despite higher permeability emissions of carbon dioxide with PVC membrane grid with carbon nanotubes in the membrane of PVA but Maxwell model for PVA membranes without any additive as a polymeric membrane has provided more acceptable results. پرونده مقاله
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        5 - Mathematic modeling of purification of biodiesel with PES polymeric membrane
        Samaneh Koudzari Farahani Elaheh Gandomkar Ghalhari Abdolreza Moghadassi Seyyed Mohsen Hosseini Ezzatollah Joudaki
        One of the new separation methods for purifying biodiesel used in recent years is the membrane separation process. In the current research, purification of produced biodiesel was carried out using Polymeric Poly Ether Sulfone(PES) based membrane. The prepared PVP membra چکیده کامل
        One of the new separation methods for purifying biodiesel used in recent years is the membrane separation process. In the current research, purification of produced biodiesel was carried out using Polymeric Poly Ether Sulfone(PES) based membrane. The prepared PVP membranes was containing 1, 1.5, 2 and 3 wt.% of PVP concentration with 16 wt.% PES. as additive. Reported experimental determining the membrane flux and separation efficiency (glycerol rejection) membrane was modeled by Maxwell Model. The result, including penetration rate, theory graph and experimental data comparison for biodiesel and glycerin, and error graphs have been explained. Results showed that the experimental data’s have Compatibility with the model and, membrane with 2 percent PVP has provided more acceptable results. پرونده مقاله