Contrastive Rhetoric

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1 - A Contrastive Rhetorical Analysis of the News Reports in Iranian and American Newspapers
Amir Sabzevari Vahid Sadeghi

Contrastive rhetorical analysis as a way of understanding different ways through which writers from various cultural backgrounds shape their discourse was officially initiated by the works of Kaplan (1966). This study tries to use the methodology to investigate the news چکیده کامل

Contrastive rhetorical analysis as a way of understanding different ways through which writers from various cultural backgrounds shape their discourse was officially initiated by the works of Kaplan (1966). This study tries to use the methodology to investigate the news reports in two American and Iranian widely published newspapers. Using the analytical methodologies of contrastive rhetoric and genre analysis, 10 news reports written by Iranian and American journalist were selected and analyzed. Results revealed that though the genre written by both groups of writers followed the same generic or rhetorical organizational structure, the strategies writers from the two different socio-cultural environments took to realize the moves in the genres were different. پرونده مقاله

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2 - A Study of Syntactic Complexity via Coh-Metrix: Similarities and Differences of Ph.D. Dissertations Written by Iranian University Students and English Native Speakers
Masoud Azadnia Ahmadreza Lotfi Reza Biria

10.30486/relp.2018.663453

The present study sought to identify the similarities and/or differences between texts written by Iranian university students of English teaching major and those written by English natives in terms of syntactic complexity. To this end, an automated computational web too چکیده کامل

The present study sought to identify the similarities and/or differences between texts written by Iranian university students of English teaching major and those written by English natives in terms of syntactic complexity. To this end, an automated computational web tool, namely Coh-Metrix was used to scrutinize a corpus containing 83 text excerpts extracted from 10 dissertations written by Iranian Ph.D. students as well as a comparison corpus including 94 text excerpts selected from 10 Ph.D. dissertations written by English native speakers in terms of four specific measures representing syntactic complexity. The results indicated that among the four measures, Mean Number of Modifiers and Sentence Syntax Similarity functioned as distinctive factors differentiating between the first language (L1) and second language (L2) texts, whereas Left Embeddedness and Minimal Edit Distance were found to be similar between the two corpora. The findings may have several implications for EFL practitioners. پرونده مقاله

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3 - A Contrastive Study of Metadiscourse in English and Persian Editorials
داود کوهی منیژه موجود

The original impetus for this cross-linguistic study came from a need to explore the effect of cultural factors and generic conventions on the use and distribution of metadiscourse within a single genre. To this end, the study as a contrastive rhetoric research, examine چکیده کامل

The original impetus for this cross-linguistic study came from a need to explore the effect of cultural factors and generic conventions on the use and distribution of metadiscourse within a single genre. To this end, the study as a contrastive rhetoric research, examined a corpus of 60 newspaper editorials (written in English and Persian) culled from 10 elite newspapers in America and Iran. Based on Hyland’s (2005) model of metadiscourse, both interactive and interactional metadiscourse resources were analyzed. The results disclosed that genre conventions had a determining role in the writers’ choice of some metadiscourse resources that contributed to some similarities in the use and distribution of metadiscourse resources across English and Persian data. In addition, some differences were found between two sets of editorials which were attributed to cultural/linguistic backgrounds of both groups of editorialists. The interactional category and attitude markers proved to be the predominant metadiscourse category and subcategory in newspaper editorials genre. Overall, the findings suggested that metadiscourse has a decisive role in the construction of persuasion in newspaper editorials genre. پرونده مقاله

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4 - A Sociopragmatic Analysis of Textual Metadiscourse Markers in English and Persian Scientific Texts
Jhale Bagheri Reza Biria Sajad Shafiee

This study aimed to explore the function and frequency of textual metadiscourse markers (MDMs) in scientific English and Persian texts. Based on the qualitative and quantitative analysis of textual markers characterizing the selected genre, four different textbooks, two چکیده کامل

This study aimed to explore the function and frequency of textual metadiscourse markers (MDMs) in scientific English and Persian texts. Based on the qualitative and quantitative analysis of textual markers characterizing the selected genre, four different textbooks, two written in English and two in Persian were analyzed to identify the textual metadiscourse categories (including logical markers, code glosses, and sequencers) used in these texts and to determine the sociopragmatic differences existing in these languages, chi-square test was run and the findings suggested that textual MDMs were present in both English and Persian texts, but they differed in their frequency of occurrence. The contrastive comparison between the English and Persian texts revealed that the frequency of the textual MDMs was greater in the Persian texts. Therefore, it was concluded that such discrepancy could be attributed to the differing rate of explicitness in these two languages. The Persian writers were more interested in explicating their ideas for readers through the text via the use of textual markers (TMs) to a greater extent. It was further found that different factors may influence the use of MDMs, namely the culture, the writer's preferences, the text, and its genre. The implications could include the precaution that Iranian EFL writers ought to be advised to approximate their writing style, in terms of using MDMs, to that of native speakers of English while writing in English. پرونده مقاله

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5 - A Contrastive Rhetoric Analysis of 'Code Glosses' in Medicine Academic Research Posters Written in English by Native and Iranian Writers
محمدرضا طالبی نژاد فریبا قدیانی

The present contrastive rhetoric study was aimed at analyzing 'Code Glosses' in a corpus of 60 Medicine Academic Research Posters (MARPs) written in English by Native and Iranian writers. To the best of the researchers’ knowledge, none of the previous studies had چکیده کامل

The present contrastive rhetoric study was aimed at analyzing 'Code Glosses' in a corpus of 60 Medicine Academic Research Posters (MARPs) written in English by Native and Iranian writers. To the best of the researchers’ knowledge, none of the previous studies had focused on this case. The two mentioned categories of MARPs published from 2012 to 2013 were selected randomly and regardless of particular specialty of medicine disciplinary. MARPs written by native and Iranian writers were respectively taken from F1000 posters site and Fifth International Congress (FIC) on Quality Improvement in Clinical Laboratories held in Tehran, Iran. Hyland’s (2005) model was used as the framework of the study and ‘Code Glosses’ were scrutinized in the corpus as the sub-type of meta-discourse markers. In line with the goals of the study the researchers conducted the following procedures: First, they performed the quantitative analysis of ‘Code Glosses’ by text analyzer_ MAXQDA software. Then, they performed the qualitative analysis manually to be sure of meta-discourse functionality of the counted markers in the context. Finally, they ran Chi- Square tests at α=0.05 to determine the probable significant differences between two categories of MARPs. The results of the study showed a significant difference between MARPs written by Native and Iranian writers in using rhetorical strategies regarding' Code Glosses'. It can be concluded that the observed difference was due to writers’ different first language and cultural context. پرونده مقاله

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