Nigeria

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1 - Identification and Assessment of Key Political Risk Factors Influencing Corporate Performance of International Construction Companies in North- Eastern (NE), Nigeria
John Adebiyi abriel Sanni

International construction companies have settled in Africa and especially Nigeria, to compete for infrastructural projects, in a bid to extend their services across their borders. The trans-border extension of the services offered by these international multi-nationals چکیده کامل

International construction companies have settled in Africa and especially Nigeria, to compete for infrastructural projects, in a bid to extend their services across their borders. The trans-border extension of the services offered by these international multi-nationals exposes them to the political risk factors pertinent with the host country. In order to survive the harsh realities of the political risk indicators operational in Nigeria, especially the north-eastern part of the country, that has been plagued with civil unrest associated with the terrorist operations of Boko haram, it has become necessary to identify and manage these risk factors, to ensure the continuous survival of international construction companies in Nigeria. This paper seeks to identify and assess the prevalence of these political risk factors influencing the corporate performance of international companies operating in the North-east of Nigeria. Data for the s tudy was collected through structured questionnaires administered to 78 expatriates project managers from 6 international construction companies in the 6 states in the North East of Nigeria. Collected data was analyzed using relative importance index and factor analysis. Findings revealed that terrorism, corruption, insurrections, sabotages and kidnapping were the top five risk factors with the highest frequency of occurrence. It was also revealed that terrorism, kidnappings, sabotages, corruption and change in government are the risk factors with the highest impact on operations in the region. It is therefore recommended for the federal, state and local Governments to provide security for lives, properties and investments, companies should do more corporate social responsibilities and purchase political risk insurance cover to minimize their losses پرونده مقاله

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2 - Relationship between Corporate Reputation and Customer Loyalty on Nigerian Food and Beverages Industry: PLS Approach
A. H. Gorondutse H. Hilman M. Nasidi

This study used the partial least squares (PLS) approach to examine the effect of corporate reputation on the customer loyalty of the Food and Beverages Industry in Nigeria. The data for this study were collected from the customers in Kano State Nigeria. Out of 250 dist چکیده کامل

This study used the partial least squares (PLS) approach to examine the effect of corporate reputation on the customer loyalty of the Food and Beverages Industry in Nigeria. The data for this study were collected from the customers in Kano State Nigeria. Out of 250 distributed questionnaires, 212 usable questionnaires were returned. Before examining the effect of corporate reputation on the customer loyalty of Food and Beverages Industries, the validity and reliability of the measurement, outer, model was investigated and confirmed in line with the standardized reporting style of PLS structural equation modeling. The results of the study concerning to the impact of corporate reputation on the customer loyalty of Food and Beverages Industries was confirmed in line with the premises of the theory of planned behavior that looks intention could be the best determinant of an individual’s behavior. The last section of the study discusses the findings and provides further insights into the future research were also discussed. پرونده مقاله

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3 - Technical Efficiency of Nigerian Insurance Companies: A Data Envelopment Analysis and Latent Growth Curve Modelling Approach
Jaiyeoba Jaiyeoba Haruna Babatunde Razali Haron

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the performance of Nigerian insurance companies using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Because of the unavailability of the required data, the study is limited to ten Nigerian insurance companies for the period of five ye چکیده کامل

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the performance of Nigerian insurance companies using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Because of the unavailability of the required data, the study is limited to ten Nigerian insurance companies for the period of five years from 2008 to 2012. The input employed were commission expenses and management expenses, while premium and investment income were used as the output. Data were sourced from the respective insurance websites and African financial websites. DEA was the main methodology used in analyzing the data of this study while ratio analysis (liquid asset to total asset, total equity to total asset and return on asset) was also used in addition to the DEA. The overall result of the Total Factor Productivity (TFP) shows that Nigerian insurance industry is less efficient and this is caused by low level of Technical efficiency (EF) change including Technological change (TECH); this is also confirmed by the result of Latent Growth Curve Modeling (LGCM) which reveals that their efficiency over the period was declining. However, some of the leading insurance companies in terms of performance (TFP) are Leadway insurance, Standard Alliance insurance and Sovereign Trust insurance, among the insurance firms. The results of the ratio on the other hand reveal that Leadway is the highest in terms of profitability, Aiico was more liquid compared to the other firms and Oasis insurance finances more of its asset with shareholder’s fund compared to other insurance firms. پرونده مقاله

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4 - Analysis of Farm Management Extension Services Performed by Extension Agents of Agricultural Development Projects in Southwest Nigeria
Rashid Adisa Mudashir Mustapha Kayode Balogun Hussein Ibrahim Waliyat Oloyede

The study analyzed farm management extension services (FMESs) performed by the extension agents of Agricultural Development Projects in South West Nigeria. Study representatives were sampled randomly from Oyo ADP, Osun ADP and Ekiti ADP, making a 50% representation of t چکیده کامل

The study analyzed farm management extension services (FMESs) performed by the extension agents of Agricultural Development Projects in South West Nigeria. Study representatives were sampled randomly from Oyo ADP, Osun ADP and Ekiti ADP, making a 50% representation of the South-West. A proportionate sample of 80% of the total of the extension agents in each of the 3 case studies was randomly selected; making a total sample of 164 respondents for the study. Data were analyzed using simple descriptive statistics such as frequency counts, percentages and mean. Findings revealed that majority (76.8%) of the respondents were males, had higher certificates than ND (92.7%) and supervised more than 199 farmers (61.6%). However, more than half of the respondents were still new in the extension work with working experience of between 1-10 years (55.5%). The results further showed that only few of the change agents performed farm management tasks related to finance and marketing. The major constraints facing the extension agents in performing FMESs in the study area were lack of incentives, farmers’ illiteracy and inadequate training ranking 1st, 2nd and 3rd respectively. This study recommends that extension agents should be trained more in the core aspects of FMESs which include linkage to finance and marketing. Also, extension professionals should be well motivated with incentives to ensure that FMESs are adequately rendered to their clients for increased productivity. پرونده مقاله

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5 - The Estimation Model of Determinant of Mobile Phone Apps’ Usage by Smallholder Farmers in North West Nigeria
Abdullahi Khidir Idowu Oladele Daniel Ekpa

This study examined the determinants of frequency of cellphone applications’ usage among farmers in North-West Nigeria using Negative Binomial Regression Model (NBRM). Using ex-post-facto research design, multi-stage sampling procedure was employed to select 385 r چکیده کامل

This study examined the determinants of frequency of cellphone applications’ usage among farmers in North-West Nigeria using Negative Binomial Regression Model (NBRM). Using ex-post-facto research design, multi-stage sampling procedure was employed to select 385 respondents from ADP geo-ecological zones of three agrarian states (namely Katsina, Kano and Kaduna) for the study. Thereafter, three Local Government Areas (LGAs) were randomly selected from each state and from which 5 communities were randomly selected from each of the LGAs in Katsina and Kaduna, and 10 from the most densely populated Kano state. Data were collected using a pre-tested structured questionnaire and summarized using frequency counts, percentages and mean. Though most frequently used mobile applications include voice call app (mean value of 1.410), SMS app (0.932 mean score) and Opera with 0.640 mean value, weighted mean values showed that all the apps were rarely being put to use by the farmers, indicating generally low frequency of usage. NBRM analysis results showed that educational attainment, knowledge, phones farmers operate well, phone as information garget, app store, social media and agencies as sources of apps positively influenced the frequency of mobile apps usage. A well guided effort through appropriate policies that would encourage the frequency of mobile phone usage by farmers for information accessing, should be put in place by major stakeholders of rural and agricultural development in the area. پرونده مقاله

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6 - Informal Sources of Financing Climate Change Adaptation amongst Crop Farmers in Nigeria
Agbugba Ikechi K. Ihemezie Eberechukwu J Adam E. Ahmed

The study examined the sources of informal finance in aiding climate change adaptation in South eastern Nigeria. Random sampling was adopted in the selection of 6 out of the 9 communities in the study area. From each of these selected communities, 10 crop farmers were r چکیده کامل

The study examined the sources of informal finance in aiding climate change adaptation in South eastern Nigeria. Random sampling was adopted in the selection of 6 out of the 9 communities in the study area. From each of these selected communities, 10 crop farmers were randomly selected giving a total number of 60 respondents. Descriptive statistics such as percentages and frequency, as well as multiple regression analysis were used for data analysis. The socio-economic characteristics showed that the respondents who made use of informal financial sources were predominantly male, and had farming as their primary occupation. The regression results showed that age and level of education of the respondents does not have significant effect on the amount of informal finance. Whereas, gender, marital status; farming experience; and annual farming income have a significant effect on secured amount of informal finance. Inadequacy of the informal lenders, insufficiency of the credit, poor accounting knowledge of money lenders, inconsistency and unreliability of the informal credit are the main constraints of informal finance in the study area and hence negatively influence the adaptation measures on climate change. پرونده مقاله

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7 - Labour Information Utilization by Farmers in SW Nigeria
Odeleye Taiwo Grace

Farmers need up to date information on efficient use and management of labour for agricultural production. Yet, they lack adequate and needed information. Hence, this study was undertaken to explore the sources and use of labour information by farmers in southwestern Ni چکیده کامل

Farmers need up to date information on efficient use and management of labour for agricultural production. Yet, they lack adequate and needed information. Hence, this study was undertaken to explore the sources and use of labour information by farmers in southwestern Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select respondents for the study. Primary data were collected to elicit information from the farmers on sources and use of labour related information and data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Extension agents, input dealers, NGOs, produce marketers, private organization, radio, television, posers, acquaintances, farmers’ association/cooperative and advisory leaflets were sources of information used by farmers. However, finding showed that acquaintance was the common source of labour information used by 53.8 percent food crop farmers and 44.8 percent tree crop farmers. They obtained information on labour management, availability, types and use from the above listed information sources. Very few use extension agents as source of labour information in Oyo state and 42.5 percent tree crop farmers indicated that they had no contact with the extension agents. There is need to enhance farmers’ access to needed information on labour related matters and extension services should be improved to impact more technical knowledge to farmers. پرونده مقاله

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8 - Evaluation of Nigerian hospital meal carts
Sesan P. Ayodeji Michael K. Adeyeri Olaoluwa Omoniyi

Hospital meal carts are used to deliver meals, drugs and some other materials to patients in the hospital environment. These carts which are moved manually by operators, the health workers, mostly do not comply with ergonomics guidelines and physical requirements of چکیده کامل

Hospital meal carts are used to deliver meals, drugs and some other materials to patients in the hospital environment. These carts which are moved manually by operators, the health workers, mostly do not comply with ergonomics guidelines and physical requirements of the equipment users in terms of anthropometry data of the region thus increasing the risk of musculoskeletal disorder among the meal cart users. This study carried out ergonomic evaluation of the available meal carts in some western Nigeria hospitals. A well-structured questionnaire has two major segments: Operational survey and biomechanical survey, which were administered to the health workers using hospital meal carts in some hospitals in southwestern Nigeria, and physical assessment, which was undertaken to collect data for the ergonomic evaluation. The responses from the questionnaires show that some areas on the existing hospital meal carts are of concern to the users which need to be improved upon. پرونده مقاله

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9 - Quantitative Appraisal of Total Aflatoxin in Ready-to-eat Groundnut in North-central Nigeria
Funmilola Adefolalu Daniel Apeh Susan Salubuyi Mary Galadima Augustine Agbo Michaella Anthony Hussaini Makun

10.22034/jchr.2021.1911495.1196

Following the CODEX Alimentarius Commission's request for data to aid decision-making in the review of regulated limits of mycotoxin in groundnut, this study determined the incidence of total aflatoxin (AFT) in processed groundnut from Niger state, which is located in N چکیده کامل

Following the CODEX Alimentarius Commission's request for data to aid decision-making in the review of regulated limits of mycotoxin in groundnut, this study determined the incidence of total aflatoxin (AFT) in processed groundnut from Niger state, which is located in Nigeria's north-central region. A total of 180 ready-to-eat groundnut samples were collected across four microclimatic zones in Niger state, with 60 samples each of boiled groundnut, roasted groundnut, and groundnut cakes. The ELISA technique was used to test the samples. For groundnut cakes, roasted groundnut, and boiled groundnut, the incidence and mean concentrations of AFT were 100% (11.15±3.31 µg.kg-1), 83.3% (4.50±2.47 µg.kg-1) and 38.3% (1.51±2.13 µg.kg-1) respectively, across all areas, suggesting that groundnut cake had the highest incidence and concentrations of AFT. While, 95% of groundnut cake, 53.3% of roasted groundnut, and 18.3% of boiled groundnut samples had AFT levels above 4 µg.kg-1. The result of this research suggests that storage time had a negative effect on the safety of groundnut. پرونده مقاله

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10 - Socio-cultural Drivers of Adaptations and Vulnerability to Climate Change: Lessons from Crop Farmers in Ondo State, Nigeria
Ademola Adegoroye Tolulope Olubunmi-Ajayi Olayinka Oladosu Emmanuel Oloruntoba

This study investigated the socio-cultural determinants of climate change adaptation and vulnerability among crop farmers in Ondo State, South-western Nigeria. Using a multi-stage sampling approach and the Delphi method, 150 respondents were selected from the three Sena چکیده کامل

This study investigated the socio-cultural determinants of climate change adaptation and vulnerability among crop farmers in Ondo State, South-western Nigeria. Using a multi-stage sampling approach and the Delphi method, 150 respondents were selected from the three Senatorial Zones. Primary data were sourced with the aid of a survey and oral interviews. The collected data were analyzed using the vulnerability index, Ordinal logistic regression, and Heckman probit regression. The findings revealed that the socio-cultural characteristics of respondents contributed to their vulnerability to climate change, as indicated by an average livelihood vulnerability index (LVI) of 0.33. Notably, factors such as water availability and adaptation practices exhibited higher vulnerability indices of 0.49 and 0.42, respectively. The overall LVI and LVI-IPCC averages were 0.35 and 0.02, respectively, highlighting the existence of vulnerability among farming households. The results of ordinal logistic regression revealed that age, marital status, education level, and income from agriculture were statistically significant factors determining the level of vulnerability to climate change in the study area. Consequently, the results of the Heckman two-step regression model revealed that age, marital status, household size, education, religion, belief, family structure, and community teamwork were the significant factors affecting the adaptation and vulnerability to climate change in the area. Policy should be geared towards improving the socio-cultural factors for sustainable livelihoods with an income diversification strategy by the government for crop farmers in order to cushion the effects of low income realized from farming activities in the area. پرونده مقاله

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