شبیه سازی آبخوان دشت تویسرکان با مدل MODFLOW و ارزیابی وضعیت آب زمین شناسی تحت شرایط موجود و آینده
محورهای موضوعی : برگرفته از پایان نامهعبدالله طاهری تیزرو 1 * , مرتضی کمالی 2
1 - دانشیار گروه مهندسی آب، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان
2 - کارشناس ارشد آبیاری و زهکشی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان
کلید واژه:
چکیده مقاله :
منابع آب زیرزمینی یکی از با ارزش‌ترین منابع طبیعی محسوب می‌شوند؛ از همین رو مدلسازی آب زیرزمینی در سال‌های اخیر به عنوان ابزاری قدرتمند در بحث‌های مدیریتی، بهینه‌سازی مصرف و پیش‌بینی منابع آب زیرزمینی مطرح شده است. هدف از این مطالعه، مدلسازی آبخوان دشت تویسرکان با مدل MODFLOW در قالب نرم افزار PMWIN به عنوانی مدلی کارآمد در مباحث آب زیرزمینی می‌باشد. شبیهسازی برای یک دوره یک ساله شامل 12 دوره تنش یک ماهه (مهر 87 تا شهریور 88) انجام گردید. مدل مذکور برای 10 ماه اول دوره شبیهسازی، واسنجی و با داده‌های مشاهداتی دو ماه باقیمانده، صحت‌سنجی گردید. نتایج واسنجی در دو حالت ماندگار و غیر ماندگار، نشان می‌دهد که هدایت هیدرولیکی و آبدهی ویژه از حوالی شمال شرقی دشت به سمت مناطق میانی و خروجی دشت واقع در جنوب غربی آن افزایش می‌یابند. پس از صحت‌سنجی مدل و حصول اطمینان از توانایی مدل در پیش‌بینی شرایط آینده آبخوان، اقدام به تعریف دو سناریوی ده ساله گردید. در سناریوی نخست، ادامه روند کنونی برداشت آب زیرزمینی و در سناریوی دوم، افزایش راندمان آبیاری منطقه به میزان 20 درصد و در نتیجه کاهش برداشت‌ها مدنظر قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصل از هر دو سناریو، نشان دهنده کاهش سطح ایستابی در پیزومترهای دشت به جز در دو پیزومتر 3 و 6 است که با افزایش مواجه می‌شوند.
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و ارزیابی وضعیت آب زمینشناسی تحت شرایط موجود و آینده MODFLOW 899 شبیهسازی آبخوان دشت تویسرکان با مدل
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26) Zhou, Y., and Li, W. 2011. A review of regional groundwater flow modeling. Geoscience Frontiers 2(2): 205-214.Groundwater resources are one of the most valuable natural resources. Therefore, in the recent years, the groundwater modeling is a powerful tool in management procedures, optimization and predicting of groundwater resources in future. The purpose of this study is the modeling of Toyserkan aquifer with MODFLOW that is a code in PMWIN software which is considered to be very efficient in groundwater modeling. The simulation was attempted for an annual period of 12 monthly stress periods (September, 2008 to August, 2009). This model was calibrated for first 10 months in simulation period and then was verified with observed data for next two months. Calibration results in steady and transient states indicate that, horizontal hydraulic conductivity and storage coefficient increases from north east to the south west in the Toyserkan plain. After verification to postulate the confidence from model’s ability for predicting the aquifer’s future conditions, two scenarios with 10 years length were defined. The first scenario is based on the current withdrawal trend and in the second scenario, irrigation efficiency which is increased up to 20 percent and therefore decreases in withdrawals was considered. A trend of decline in the groundwater levels in most of observation wells and increase in two observation wells, numbers 3 and 6 were observed.