• صفحه اصلی
  • بهبود شاخص سطح برگ و غلظت کلروفیل (SPAD) سویا با محلول‌‌پاشی نانو کلات آهن، روی و منگنز در شرایط آبیاری محدود

اشتراک گذاری

آدرس مقاله


کد مقاله : SJOAPB-2108-1374 (R1) بازدید : 489 صفحه: 91 - 108

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

بهبود شاخص سطح برگ و غلظت کلروفیل (SPAD) سویا با محلول‌‌پاشی نانو کلات آهن، روی و منگنز در شرایط آبیاری محدود

محورهای موضوعی : گیاهی

محمد سعید وقار 1

1 - استادیار، گروه زراعت، واحد کرمانشاه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/05/24 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/06/15 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/10/01

کلید واژه: غلظت کلروفیل برگ, شاخص سطح برگ, سویا, ریزمغذی‌ها, تنش خشکی, آبیاری محدود,

چکیده مقاله :

هدف: در فرآیند تغذیه گیاه عناصر ضروری باید به اندازه کافی در دسترس گیاه باشند تا با حفظ تعادل عناصر غذایی، عملکرد افزایش یابد. پژوهش حاضر به منظور بهبود شاخص سطح برگ و غلظت کلروفیل توسط محلول‌‌پاشی نانوکلات آهن، روی و منگنز در جهت افزایش عملکرد سویا در شرایط آبیاری محدود انجام شد.مواد و روش‌‌ها: آزمایشی به صورت اسپلیت پلات در قالب طرح بلوک‌‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در دو سال (۱۳۹۴و ۱۳۹۵) انجام شد. تیمارها شامل: رژیم آبیاری (آبیاری کامل، قطع آبیاری در مرحله گلدهی، غلاف‌‌دهی و ابتدای دوره پرشدن دانه) و محلول‌‌پاشی (آب مقطر (شاهد)، آهن، روی، منگنز، آهن + روی، آهن + منگنز، روی + منگنز و آهن + روی + منگنز) بود.نتایج: تنش خشکی شاخص سطح برگ را به طور معنی‌‌داری کاهش داد. بیشترین کاهش از برهمکنش تیمار شاهد و قطع آبیاری در مرحله غلاف‌دهی بدست آمد که نسبت به تیمار آبیاری کامل، 5/31 درصد کاهش داشت. محلول‌‌پاشی روی + منگنز در تعدیل تنش خشکی موفق‌تر بود و شاخص سطح برگ را نسبت به شاهد 4/49 درصد افزایش داد. قطع آبیاری در مرحله گلدهی، غلظت کلروفیل را 2/11 درصد و در مرحله غلاف‌دهی 5/16درصد به ترتیب افزایش و کاهش داد. با کاربرد نانوکلات آهن + روی غلظت کلروفیل برگ در مرحله غلاف‌دهی و پرشدن دانه 8/3۸ و 1/39 درصد نسبت به شاهد افزایش یافت و به عنوان بهترین تیمار شناخته شد.نتیجه‌‌گیری: در شرایط آبیاری محدود تغذیه برگی نانوکلات آهن، روی و منگنز راهکاری مناسب و سازگار با بحران آب است و می‌‌تواند با تعدیل تنش خشکی و بهبود شاخص سطح برگ و غلظت کلروفیل، عملکرد دانه سویا را بهبود دهد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Objectives: Maintaining the balance of nutrients leads to increase yield so the essential elements should be available enough in the process of plant nutrition. This experiment was performed by foliar application of iron, zinc, and manganese nano-clates under limited irrigation conditions to improving leaf area index and leaf chlorophyll concentration.Methods: The two years experiment was conducted (2016-2017). The main plot included four levels of irrigation: full irrigation, irrigation withhold at flowering stage, podding stage, and grain filling period. The subplot included eight levels of foliar application with Fe, Zn, Mn, Fe+Zn, Fe+Mn, Zn+Mn, Fe+Zn+Mn nano-chelates, and distilled water (control).Results: Drought stress reduced leaf area index significantly. The highest reduction was obtained from the interaction of control treatment and cessation of irrigation in the pod stage, which was 31.5% less than the full irrigation treatment. Foliar application of Zn+Mn was more successful in modulating drought stress and increased leaf area index by 49.4% compared to the control. Irrigation cessation in flowering stage increased chlorophyll concentration by 11.2% and decreased it by 16.5% in pod stage. With the application of Fe+Zn nano-chelate increased on leaf chlorophyll concentration in the pod stage and grain formation by 38.8% and 39.1% compared to the control and was recognized as the best treatment.Conclusion: In limited irrigation conditions, foliar feeding of Fe, Zn and Mn nano-chlates is a suitable solution and compatible with water crisis and can improve soybean yield by modifying drought stress and improving leaf area index and leaf chlorophyll concentration.

منابع و مأخذ:


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_||_

  1. (2018). World agricultural supply and demand estimates. World agricultural outlook board. 2002. Available at:
    https://www.usda.gov/oce/commodity/wasde/Secretary-Briefing.pdf
    2.
  2. Liu K. Chemistry and nutritional value of soybean components. 1997: 25-113. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-1763-42
    3.
  3. Souri MK & Bakhtiarizade M. Biostimulation effects of rosemary essential oil on growth and nutrient uptake of tomato seedlings. Scientia Horticulture. 2019; 243: 472-476.
    DOI: 1016/j. scienta.2018.08.056.
    4.
  4. Souri MK & Hatamian M. Amino chelates in plant nutrition: a review. Plant Nutr. 2019; 42(1): 67-78. DOI: 10.1080/01904167.2018.1549671.
    5.
  5. Dogan E, Kirnak H & Copur O. Deficit irrigations during soybean reproductive stages and CROPGRO-soybean simulations under semi-arid climatic conditions. Field Crops Res. 2007; 103(2): 154-159. DOI: 1016/j.fcr.2007.05.009
    6.
  6. Reddy AR, Chaitanya KV & Vivekanandan M. Drought-induced responses of photosynthesis and antioxidant metabolism in higher plants. Plant Physiol. 2004; 161(11): 1189-1202. DOI: 10. 1016/j.jplph. 2004.01.013
    7.
  7. Hatamian M, Rezaei Nejad A, Kafi M, Souri MK & Shahbazi K. Nitrate improves hackberry seedling growth under cadmium application. Biol. Technol. Agric. 2020; 6(1): 1-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03247.
    8.
  8. Taiz L & Zeiger E. Plant Physiology. The Benjamin Cumming Publishing Company. 2003; 91(6): 750-751. DOI: 1093/aob/mcg079
    9.
  9. Wijewardana C, Alsajri FA, Irby T, Krutz J & Golden B. Quantifying soil moisture deficit effects on soybean yield and yield component distribution patterns. Sci. 2018; 36(4): 241-255. DOI: 10.1007/s00271-018-0580-1
    10.
  10. Rico CM, Majumdar S, Duarte-Gardea M, Peralta-Videa JR & Gardea-Torresdey JL. Interaction of nanoparticles with edible plants and their possible implications in the food chain. Agric. Food. Chem. 2011; 59(8): 3485-3498.
    11.
  11. Rosati A & Dejong TM. Estimating photosynthetic radiation use efficiency using incident light and photosynthesis of individual leaves. Ann Bot. 2003; 91(7): 869-877.
    DOI: 1093/aob/mc g094
    12.
  12. Wijewardana C, Reddy KR & Bellaloui N. Soybean seed physiology, quality, and chemical composition under soil moisture stress. Food Chem. 2018; 278(1): 92-100. DOI: 1016/j.food chem.2018.11.035
    13.
  13. Singh NB, Amist N, Yadav K, Singh D, Pandey JK & Singh SC. Zinc oxide nanoparticles as fertilizer for the germination, growth and metabolism of vegetable crops. Nanoeng. Nanomanuf. 2013; 3(4): 353-364. DOI: 10.1166/jnan.2013.1156
    14.
  14. Montoya F, Garcia C, Pintos F & Otero A. Effects of irrigation regime on the growth and yield of irrigated soybean in temperate humid climatic conditions. Water Manage. 2017; 193(1): 30-45. DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2017.08.001
    15.
  15. Ghosh PK, Ajay KK, Bandyopadhyay MC, Manna KG, Mandal AK & Hati KM. Comparative effectiveness of cattle manure, poultry manure, phosphocompost and fertilizer-NPK on three cropping systems in vertisols of semi-arid tropics. II. Dry matter yield, nodulation, chlorophyll content and enzyme activity. Technol. 2004; 95(1): 85-93. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech. 2004.02.012
    16.
  16. Rosales-Serna R, Kohashi-Shibata J, Acosta-Gallegos JA, Trejo-Lopez C, Ortiz-Cereceres J & Kelly JD. Biomass distribution, maturity acceleration and yield in drought-stressed common bean cultivars. Field Crops Res. 2004; 85(2): 203-211.
    DOI: 1016/s0378-4290(03) 00161-8
    17.
  17. Semida WM, Abdelkhalik A, Mohamed GF, El-Mageed A, Taia A & Mageed AA. Foliar application of zinc oxide nanoparticles promotes drought stress tolerance in eggplant (Solanum melongena). J. Plants. 2021; 10(2): 1-17. DOI: 10.3390/plants10020 421
    18.
  18. Kafi M & Rostami M. Yield characteristics and oil content of three safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) cultivars under drought in reproductive stage and irrigation with saline water. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research. 2007; 5(1): 121-132. [In Persian].
    19.
  19. Babaeian M, Tavassoli A, Ghanbari A, Esmaeilian Y & Fahimifard M. Effects of foliar micronutrient application on osmotic adjustments, grain yield and yield components in sunflower (Alster cultivar) under water stress at three stages. J. Agric. Res. 2011; 6(5): 1204-1208. DOI: 10.58 97/AJAR10.928
    20.
  20. Zhang M, Duan L, Tian X, He Z, Li J, Wang B & Li Z. Uniconazole-induced tolerance of soybean to water deficit stress in relation to changes in photosynthesis, hormones and antioxidant system. Plant Physiol. 2007; 164(6): 709-717.
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph. 2006.04.008
    21.
  21. Zahra Z, Arshad M, Rafique R, Mahmood A, Habib A, Qazi IA & Khan SA. Metallic Nanoparticle (TiO2 and Fe3O4) Application modifies rhizosphere phosphorus availability and uptake by Lactuca sativa. Agric. Food. Chem. 2015; 63(31): 6876-6882.
    DOI: 10.1021/acs. jafc.5b01611
    22.
  22. Lobato AKS, Oliveira Neto CF, Santos Filho BG, Costa RCL, Cruz FJR, Neves HKB & Lopes MJS. Physiological and biochemical behavior in soybean (Glycine max Sambaiba) plants under water deficit. Aust. J. Crop Sci. 2008; 2(1): 25-32.
    23.
  23. Oliviera-Neto CF, Silva-Lobato AK, Goncalves-Vidigal MC, Costa RCL, Santos BG, Filho BG, Alves GAR, Silva-Maia WJM, Cruz FJR, Neres HKB & Santos Lopes MJ. Carbon compounds and chlorophyll contents in sorghum submitted to water deficit during three growth stages. Technol. 2009; 7(3): 588-593.
    24.
  24. Sultana N, Ikeda T & Kashem MA. Effect of foliar spray of nutrient solutions on photosynthesis, dry matter accumulation and yield in seawater-stressed rice. Exp. Bot. 2001; 46(2): 129-140. DOI: 10.1016/s0098-8472(01)00090-9
    25.
  25. Servin AD & White JC. Nanotechnology in agriculture: Next steps for understanding engineered nanoparticle exposure and risk. Nano Impact. 2016; 1: 9-12.
     DOI: 1016/j.impact.2015.1 2.002
    26.
  26. Singh NA. Nanotechnology innovations, industrial applications and patents. Environ. Chem. Lett. 2017; 15(2): 185-91. DOI: 1007/s10311-017-0612-8
    27.
  27. Adams ML, Norvell WA, Philpot WD & Peverly JH. Spectral detection of micronutrient deficiency in bragg soybean. J. 2000; 92(2): 261-268. DOI: 10.1007/s10087 0050031
    28.
  28. Wiersma JV. High rates of Fe-EDDHA and seed iron concentration suggest partial solutions to iron deficiency in soybeans. J. 2005; 97(3): 924-934.
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