نقش دانش روانشناسی محیط در طراحی پایانه مسافربری فرودگاه‌ها
محورهای موضوعی : معماری
آرزو زندی محب
1
(گروه آموزش هنر، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران.)
کلید واژه: طراحی معماری, پایانه فرودگاه, روانشناسی محیط, تعامل با محیط,
چکیده مقاله :
در این تحقیق به بررسی تاثیر محیط ساخته شده بر افراد و ادراک آنها از این فضا، با استفاده از دانش روانشناسی محیط پرداخته می‌شود.در پایانه فرودگاه‌ها، برای تامین نیاز استفاده‌کنندگان و گروه‌های ذینفع صنعت حمل‌ونقل هوایی، استفاده از راه‌کارهای دانش روانشناسی محیط برای طراحی معماری ضروری است. هدف تحلیل عوامل و مولفه‌های کالبدی موثر بر رفتار فضایی و ارائه راه‌کارهای مناسب، جهت بهبود کیفیت ساختار فضای معماری پایانه‌های مسافربری فرودگاهی با استفاده از دانش روانشناسی محیط است. روش ازنظر هدف کاربردی، ازنظر راهبرد کیفی و با روش تحلیل محتوا است.گردآوری داده‌ها اسنادی است. مراحل کلی شامل مشخص کردن مساله،یافت سوال و هدف، تعریف مبحث‌ها، کدگذاری و مقوله‌بندی، تحلیل و یافت نتایج و در نهایت تهیه گزارش است. در پایانه فرودگاه کیفیت و چگونگی خدمات‌رسانی، ویژگی مسافر و استفاده‌کننده باعث عملکردها و فضاهای متفاوت شده است، به‌همین دلیل، برای ایجاد حس تعلق به پایانه، جهت‌یابی، شناسایی محیط و پیش‌بینی فضا در زمان ناآشنایی محیط برای مسافر مهم است. حق انتخاب وتامین استقلال فردی با هدایت و مسیریابی انجام می‌شود. پیکره‌بندی معماری در هدایت انسان‌ها دارای اهمیت است و برای تاثیرگذاری بر رفتارها می‌توان با تغییر روشنایی، نوع بافت، مصالح و کالبدپیرامونی، قرارگاه‌ها و مکان رفتاری متفاوت را طراحی وخلق کرد.
The environment is built for human activities, so planning in the design of the airport passenger terminal must understand and consider the nature of the environment, behavior, needs, and comfort of consumers. This research aims to spread knowledge between the two fields of environmental psychology and Architectural design of airport terminals so that those present at the airport terminal have more interaction with the environment. The sub-goal is to investigate the physical factors and components affecting spatial behavior and to find appropriate strategies to improve the quality of the terminal structure. The research method is applied in terms of purpose, in terms of technique is qualitative research that uses the content analysis method. By analyzing the texts in the fields of environmental psychology and architectural design of airport terminals, design priorities, and the way of human perception of the terminal environment are discovered and solutions are proposed. Data collection is based on documentation. The general steps include identifying the problem, finding the question and purpose, defining the topics, coding and categorizing, analyzing and finding the results, and finally preparing the report. The results showed that in the two-way relationship between the environment and humans, marking enhances the capability of the environment and is important to create a sense of belonging to the terminal, navigation, identify the environment and predict the space when the environment is unfamiliar to the passenger. Combining the physical space and environment responds to human behaviors and supports social interaction in the design of the airport terminal. The right to choose and ensure individual independence is calibrated through guidance and routing. Architectural details are important in guiding humans, and to influence behaviors, different camps, and behavioral locations can be designed and created by changing lighting, type of texture, materials, and changes in the surrounding environment.
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