الگوی توسعۀ کارآفرینی دانش‌بنیان مبتنی بر ویژگی‌های شبکه اجتماعی کارآفرینان
سید محمد رضی مجد محمدی
1
(
دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مدیریت، واحد زاهدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زاهدان، ایران
)
وحید پورشهابی
2
(
استادیار، گروه مدیریت، واحد زاهدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زاهدان، ایران
)
علی پایان
3
(
دانشیار، گروه ریاضی، واحد زاهدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زاهدان، ایران
)
کلید واژه: کارآفرینی دانش‌بنیان, شبکۀ اجتماعی کارآفرینان, نظریۀ داده‌بنیاد, پارک علم و فناوری.,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف این پژوهش، توسعۀ الگوی نظری وکاربردی است که در برگیرندۀ ابعاد و مؤلفه‌های توسعۀ کارآفرینی دانش‌بنیان مبتنی بر ویژگی‌های شبکۀ اجتماعی کارآفرینان می‌باشد. برای رسیدن به این هدف، روش نظریۀ داده بنیاد مورد استفاده قرار گرفت که از طریق آن، تجربۀ زیستۀ کارآفرینان در مراکز رشد و پارک علم و فناوری استان سیستان و بلوچستان مفهوم‌سازی شد. جامعۀ آماری این پژوهش، مؤسسان و یاکارآفرینان واحدهای فناور رشد یافته مستقر در این پارک و علم و فناوری می‌باشند که بر اساس سازوکارهای نمونه‌گیری نظری 18 نفر برای انجام مصاحبه انتخاب شدند. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها، روش تحلیل مضمون مورد استفاده قرارگرفت. برای انجام این کار، از نرم افزار MAXQDA استفاده شد. بر اساس یافته‌های پژوهش، 11 مؤلفه شناسایی شد که عبارتند از: مراحل کسب وکار، شبکۀ اجتماعی، شبکه‌سازی، تأثیر بر جامعه، تحول و نوآوری در صنعت، محدودکننده‌ها، توانمندسازها، اکوسیستم فناوری، تقویت اقتصاد محلی، نوآوری محصول و فرهنگ اجتماعی. این مؤلفه‌ها در پنج بُعد پیشایندها، پدیده محوری، زمینه‌ها، مداخله‌گرها، راهبردها و پیامدها طبقه‌بندی شدند و روابط میان آنها مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در نهایت، سهم نظری، پیشنهادات کاربردی، محدودیت‌ها و پیشنهاداتی برای پژوهشگران مورد بحث قرار گرفتند.
چکیده انگلیسی :
This research aims to develop a theoretical and applied model that encompasses the dimensions and components of knowledge-based entrepreneurship development based on the characteristics of entrepreneurs’ social networks. To achieve this goal, the grounded theory method was used, through which the lived experience of entrepreneurs in the growth centers and science and technology parks of Sistan and Baluchestan province was conceptualized. The statistical population of this research is the founders or entrepreneurs of the mature technology units located in this science and technology park, who were selected for interviews based on theoretical sampling mechanisms, 18 people. The content analysis method was used to analyze the data. To do this, MAXQDA software was used. Based on the research findings, 11 components were identified, including business stages, social network, networking, impact on society, industry transformation and innovation, constraints, enablers, technology ecosystem, strengthening local economy, product innovation, and social culture. These components were categorized into five dimensions antecedents, pivotal phenomenon, contexts, interveners, strategies, and consequences, and the relationships between them were examined. Finally, theoretical contributions, practical suggestions, limitations, and suggestions for researchers were discussed.
Acs, Z. J., Braunerhjelm, P., Audretsch, D. B., & Carlsson, B. (2009). The knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship. Small Business Economics, 32(1), 15-30.
Adomako, S., Danso, A., Boso, N., & Narteh, B. (2018). Entrepreneurial alertness and new venture performance: Facilitating roles of networking capability. International Small Business Journal, 36(5), 453-472.
Bhushan, B., Kovid, R. K., & Kumari, D. (2020). Entrepreneurial Networks and Venture Growth: Insights from Information Technology Firms in an Emerging Market. FIIB Business Review, 9(3), 205-215.
Brown, R., Mawson, S., & Rowe, A. (2019). Start-ups, entrepreneurial networks and equity crowdfunding: A processual perspective. Industrial Marketing Management, 80(5), 115-125.
Corbin, J., & Strauss, A. (2008). Basics of Qualitative Research:Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory (3 ed.).SAGE Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452230153
Dai, Y., & Xu, J. (2021). Impact of non-commercial networks on academic entrepreneurship in post-commercialisation. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 33(2), 202-216.
Gioia, D. A., Corley, K. G., & Hamilton, A. L. (2012). Seeking Qualitative Rigor in Inductive Research: Notes on the Gioia Methodology. Organizational Research Methods, 16(1), 15-31.
Hayter, C. S. (2015). Social Networks and the Success of University Spin-offs: Toward an Agenda for Regional Growth. Economic Development Quarterly, 29(1), 3-13.
Hoang, H., & Yi, A. (2015). Network-based Research in Entrepreneurship: A Decade in Review. Foundations and Trends® in Entrepreneurship, 11(1), 1-54.
Langley, A., Smallman, C., Tsoukas, H., & Van de Ven, A. H. (2013). Process studies of change in organization and management: Unveiling temporality, activity, and flow. Academy of Management Journal, 56(1), 1-13.
Leyden, D. P., & Link, A. N. (2015). Toward a theory of the entrepreneurial process. Small Business Economics, 44, 475-484.
Leyden, D. P., Link, A. N., & Siegel, D. S. (2014). A theoretical analysis of the role of social networks in entrepreneurship. Research Policy, 43(7), 1157-1163.
Mahmoudi, J., & Pourshahabi, V. (2023). Investigating the effect of financial intelligence value on employees' risk taking with the mediating role of social capital. Journal of value creating in Business Management, 2(4), 25-45. https://doi.org/10.22034/jvcbm.2023.314246.1009 [In Persian]
Mathisen, M. T., & Rasmussen, E. (2019). The development, growth, and performance of university spin offs: a critical review. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 44(6), 1891-1938.
Maysami, A.-M., Mohammadi-Elyasi, G., Mobini-Dehkordi, A., & Hejazi, S.-R. (2018). The Dimensions and Components of Technological Entrepreneurship Ecosystem in Iran. Journal of Technology Development Management, 5(4), 9-42. [In Persian]
Mohammadi-Eliasi, G., Rokni, N., & Tayyebi, S.-K. (2011). The role of social networks in identifying entrepreneurial opportunities. Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 4(1), 7-26. [In Persian]
Moradi , M., & Farajollahzadeh, M. (2020). Identifying and Prioritizing Factors Affecting Advanced Technology Entrepreneurship in Iran. Interdisciplinary Studies on Strategic Knowledge, 4(13), 141-170. [In Persian]
Nilchian, M., & Kasaei, M. (2012). Entrepreneurship Profile Developement Strategy of Higher Education Graduated. Journal of Strategic Management Studies, 3(11), 89-107. [In Persian]
Pourkiyani, M., Pourshahabi, V., & Farzan, F. (2014). Leadership styles and organizational learning. Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 10(6), 615-624.
Qian , H. (2017). Skills and knowledge-based entrepreneurship:evidence from US cities. Regional Studies, 51(10), 1469-1482.
Qian, H., & Acs, Z. J. (2013). An absorptive capacity theory of knowledge spillover entrepreneurship. Small Business Economics, 40(2), 185-197.
Rahimpour, M., Yahyazadeh-Far, M., Aghajani , H., & Azar , A. (2021). Financing Strategies of Startups. Journal of Strategic Management Studies, 12(45), 45-64. [In Persian]
Ramzanpour-Nargesi, G., Ramzanpour-Nargesi, S., & Ghaffari, A. (2016). Key factors on the development of technological entrepreneurship inknowledge-based firms located in science and technology parks in Iran. Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 8(4), 749-766.
Rasmussen, E., Mosey, S., & Wright, M. (2015). The transformation of network ties to develop entrepreneurial competencies for university spin-offs. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 27(7-8), 430-457.
Saunders, M., Philip , L., & Thornhill, A. (2019). Research methods for business students (8 ed.).Pearson.
Stam, W., Arzlanian, S., & Elfring, T. (2014). ocial capital of entrepreneurs and small firm performance: A meta-analysis of contextual and methodological moderators. Journal of Business Venturing, 29(1), 152-173.
Sullivan, D., & Marvel, M. (2011). How Entrepreneurs’ Knowledge and Network Ties Relate to the Number of Employees in New SMEs. Journal of Small Business Management, 49(2), 185-206.
Sullivan, D. M., & Ford, C. M. (2014). How entrepreneurs use networks to address changing resource requirements during early venture development. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 38(3), 551-574.
van Burg, E., Elfring, T., & Cornelissen, J. P. (2021). Connecting content and structure: A review of mechanisms in entrepreneurs’ social networks. International Journal of Management Reviews, 24(2), 188-209.
Wright, M., Clarysse, B., & Mosey, S. (2012). Strategic entrepreneurship, resource orchestration and growing spin-offs from universities. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 24(9), 911-927.
Zali, M.-R., Razavi, S.-M., & Kaboli, E. (2013). The effect of executive managers' social network on the performance of start-up businesses in Iran; Evidence based on the findings of the GEM Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. Journal of Executive Management, 4(8), 1-22. [In Persian]