تاثیر ورزش هوازی و مصرف همزمان داروی سربرولایزین (Cerebrolysin) بر حافظهء فضائی موش‌های صحرایی نر مدل پارکینسون
محورهای موضوعی :
آسیب شناسی درمانگاهی دامپزشکی
سید زانیار اطهری
1
(دانشجوی دکترای تخصصی فیزیولوژی پزشکی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز، تبریز، ایران.)
میرعلیرضا نورآذر
2
(استادیار فیزیولوژی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، واحد علوم پزشکی تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران.)
داریوش مهاجری
3
(استاد پاتولوژی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، واحد علوم پزشکی تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران.)
تاریخ دریافت : 1400/12/22
تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/05/04
تاریخ انتشار : 1401/03/01
کلید واژه:
پارکینسون,
ورزش هوازی,
موش‌صحرایی,
سربرولایزین,
حافظهء فضائی,
چکیده مقاله :
اختلال در حافظه، یکی از عوارض بیماری پارکینسون است. سربرولایزین دارای اثرات نوروتروفیک و تحریک رشد نورونی می‌باشد. ورزش نیز باعث افزایش فاکتور های رشد مغز و بهبود حافظه فضائی می‌شود. هدف از انجام مطالعه حاضر، ارزیابی تاثیر ورزش هوازی و مصرف همزمان داروی سربرولایزین بر حافظه فضائی موش‌های صحرائی نر مدل پارکینسون بود. بدین منظور 36 سر موش صحرائی نر نژاد ویستار با وزن 20±250 به‌طور تصادفی به 6 گروه مساوی شامل شم جراحی، پارکینسونی (تزریق 6-هیدروکسی دوپامین، تک‌دوز یک طرفه داخل جسم سیاه مغز به میزان µg/ml 5/12)، کنترل مثبت (لوودوپا، به میزان mg/kg 12خوراکی، به مدت 21 روز)، تیمار سربرولایزین (به میزان mg/kg 538 تزریق داخل صفاقی، به مدت 21 روز)، ورزش تردمیل (روزانه به مدت 30 دقیقه، 60 درصد حداکثر اکسیژن مصرفی، به مدت 21 روز) و تیمار سربرولایزین (به میزان mg/kg 538 تزریق داخل صفاقی، به مدت 21 روز) توام با ورزش (روزانه به مدت 30 دقیقه، 60 درصد حداکثر اکسیژن مصرفی، به مدت 21 روز) تقسیم شدند. در پایان، آزمایش حافظه فضائی با ماز آبی موریس در گروه‌های مورد مطالعه انجام شده و پس از آسان‌کشی، از بافت مغز موش ها جهت مطالعه آسیب شناختی ناحیه هیپوکامپ نمونه برداری شد. داده‌ها توسط آزمون های آماری تحلیل واریانس یک طرفه (ANOVA) و توکی (Tukey) در سطح 05/0 p< ، توسط نرم‌افزار گراف‌پد (Graphpad) تحلیل گردید. القاء پارکینسون باعث کاهش شاخص‌های حافضه فضائی و سربرولایزین باعث افزایش فاکتورهای حافظه فضائی گردید (05/0p<). همچنین ورزش هوازی پارامترهای مربوط به حافضه فضائی را همانند سربرولایزین بهبود بخشید (05/0p<). ورزش هوازی توأم با سربرولایزین هم بهترین تاثیر را در بهبود شاخص‌های حافظه فضائی داشت. نتایج آسیب شناسی نیز همسو با نتایج حافظه فضائی بود. به نظر می رسد که ورزش هوازی و داروی سربرولایزین به‌طور همزمان، منجر به بهبود حافظه ء فضائی و تغییرات آسیب شناختی هیپوکامپ در موش های صحرائی مدل پارکینسون می شود.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Memory impairment is a complication of Parkinson's disease (PD). Cerebrolysin has neurotrophic effects and stimulates neuronal growth. Exercise also increases brain growth factors and improves spatial memory. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of aerobic exercise and concomitant use of cerebrolysin on spatial memory in male rats model of PD. 36 male Wistar rats weighing 250±20 were randomly divided into 6 equal groups: surgical sham, PD (6-hydroxydopamine unilateral single injection), positive control (levodopa, 12 mg/kg-po, 21 days), cerebrolysin (538 mg/kg-ip, 21days), treadmill exercise (daily for 30 minutes, 60% VO2 max, 21 days) and cerebrolysin with exercise. The cerberolysin plus exercise group was treated similarly. Finally, a spatial memory test with Morris water maze was performed in the studied groups, and after euthanasia, brain tissue was sampled to study the pathological changes in hippocampus. Data were analyzed by ANOVA test and Tukey post-hoc at the level of p<0.05 by Graphpad software. PD induction reduced spatial memory indices. Cerebrolysine increased spatial memory factors (p<0.05). Aerobic exercise improved spatial memory parameters such as cerebrolysin (p<0.05). Statistically, exercise with cerebrolysine had the best effect on improving spatial memory indices. The pathological results were consistent with the results of spatial memory. This study states that aerobic exercise and cerebrolysin treatment simultaneously improved spatial memory and pathological changes in the hippocampus in PD rats.
منابع و مأخذ:
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Aarsland, D., Bronnick, K., Williams-Gray, C., Weintraub, D., Marder, K., Kulisevsky, J., et al. (2010). Mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson disease: A multicenter pooled analysis. Neurology, 75(12): 1062-1069.
Alcántara‐González, F., Mendoza‐Perez, C.R., Zaragoza, N., Juarez, I., Arroyo‐García, L.E., Gamboa, C., et al. (2012). Combined administration of cerebrolysin and donepezil induces plastic changes in prefrontal cortex in aged mice. Synapse, 66(11): 938-949.
Álvarez, X.A., Lombardi, V.R.M., Fernández-Novoa, L., García, M., Sampedro, C., Cagiao, A., et al. (2000). Cerebrolysin® reduces microglial activation in vivo and in vitro: a potential mechanism of neuroprotection, in Advances in Dementia Research. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 281-292.
Alzoubi, K.H., Al-ibbini, A.M. and Nuseir, K.Q. (2018). Prevention of memory impairment induced by post-traumatic stress disorder by cerebrolysin. Psychiatry Research, 270: 430-437.
Athari, S.Z., Farajdokht, F., Sadigh-Eteghad, S., Mohajeri, D., Nourazar, M.A. and Mohaddes, G. (2022). Hydroxychloroquine attenuated motor impairment and oxidative stress in a rat 6-hydroxydopamine model of Parkinson's disease. International Journal of Neuroscience, 1-13.
Balestrino, R. and Schapira, A.H.V. (2020). Parkinson disease. European Journal of Neurology, 27(1): 27-42.
Belotto, M.F., Magdalon, J., Rodrigues, H.G., Vinolo, M.A.R., Curi, R., Pithon-Curi, T.C., et al. (2010). Moderate exercise improves leucocyte function and decreases inflammation in diabetes. Clinical and Experimental Immunology, 162(2): 237-243.
Bethus, I., Tse, D. and Morris, R.G.M. (2010). Dopamine and Memory: Modulation of the Persistence of Memory for Novel Hippocampal NMDA Receptor-Dependent Paired Associates. Journal of Neuroscience, 30(5): 1610-1618.
Blum, D., Torch, S., Lambeng, N., Nissou, M.F., Benabid, A.L., Sadoul, R., et al. (2001). Molecular pathways involved in the neurotoxicity of 6-OHDA, dopamine and MPTP: contribution to the apoptotic theory in Parkinson’s disease. Progress in Neurobiology, 65(2): 135-172.
Carvalho, M.M., Campos, F.L., Marques, M., Soares-Cunha, C., Kokras, N., Dalla, C., et al. (2017). Effect of Levodopa on Reward and Impulsivity in a Rat Model of Parkinson’s Disease. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 11: 145.
Cassilhas, R.C., Lee, K.S., Fernandes, J., Oliveira, M.G.M.D., Tufik, S., Meeusen, R., et al. (2012). Spatial memory is improved by aerobic and resistance exercise through divergent molecular mechanisms. Neuroscience, 202: 309-317.
Crowley, E.K., Nolan, Y.M. and Sullivan, A.M. (2019). Exercise as a therapeutic intervention for motor and non-motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease: Evidence from rodent models. Progress in Neurobiology, 172: 2-22.
Da Cunha, C., Angelucci, M.E.M., Canteras, N.S., Wonnacott, S. and Takahashi, R.N. (2002). The lesion of the rat substantia nigra pars compacta dopaminergic neurons as a model for Parkinson’s disease memory disabilities. Cellular and molecular neurobiology, 22(3): 227-37.
De Leonibus, E., Pascucci, T., Lopez, S., Oliverio, A., Amalric, M. and Mele, A. (2007). Spatial deficits in a mouse model of Parkinson disease. Psychopharmacology, 194(4): 517-525.
Deumens, R., Blokland, A. and Prickaerts, J. (2002). Modeling Parkinson’s Disease in Rats: An Evaluation of 6-OHDA Lesions of the Nigrostriatal Pathway, Experimental Neurology, 175(2): 303-317.
Devi, S.A. and Kiran, T.R. (2004). Regional responses in antioxidant system to exercise training and dietary Vitamin E in aging rat brain. Neurobiology of Aging, 25(4): 501-508.
Dias, V., Junn, E. and Mouradian, M.M. (2013). The Role of Oxidative Stress in Parkinson’s Disease. Journal of Parkinson’s Disease, 3(4): 461-491.
During, M. and Cao, L. (2006). VEGF, a Mediator of the Effect of Experience on Hippocampal Neurogenesis. Current Alzheimer Research, 3(1): 29-33.
Duty, S. and Jenner, P. (2011). Animal models of Parkinson’s disease: a source of novel treatments and clues to the cause of the disease. British Journal of Pharmacology, 164(4): 1357-1391.
Flores, G. and Atzori, M. (2014). The Potential of Cerebrolysin in the Treatment of Schizophrenia. Pharmacology & Pharmacy, 5(7): 691-704.
Georgy, G.S., Nassar, N.N., Mansour, H.A. and Abdallah, D.M. (2013). Cerebrolysin Ameloriates Cognitive Deficits in Type III Diabetic Rats. PLoS ONE. Edited by Boraud, T., 8(6): e64847.
Giralt, A., Saavedra, A., Carretón, O., Xifró, X., Alberch, J. and Pérez-Navarro, E. (2011). Increased PKA signaling disrupts recognition memory and spatial memory: role in Huntington’s disease. Human Molecular Genetics, 20(21): 4232-4247.
Hamilton, T.J., Wheatley, B.M., Sinclair, D.B., Bachmann, M., Larkum, M.E. and Colmers, W.F. (2010). Dopamine modulates synaptic plasticity in dendrites of rat and human dentate granule cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 107(42): 18185-18190.
Hansen, N. and Manahan-Vaughan, D. (2014) Dopamine D1/D5 Receptors Mediate Informational Saliency that Promotes Persistent Hippocampal Long-Term Plasticity. Cerebral Cortex, 24(4): 845-858.
Hartbauer, M., Hutter-Paier, B. and Windisch, M. (2001). Effects of Cerebrolysin on the outgrowth and protection of processes of cultured brain neurons. Journal of Neural Transmission, 108(5): 581-592.
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