بررسی تاثیر ضد‌میکروبی نانوکامپوزیت مس- نقره- کایتوسان در موش‌های صحرایی با ایمنی سرکوب‌شده و مواجهه‌یافته با مخمر کاندیدا آلبیکنس
محورهای موضوعی :
آسیب شناسی درمانگاهی دامپزشکی
محسن اشرافی
1
,
منصور بیات
2
,
سید پژمان مرتضوی
3
,
سید جمال هاشمی
4
,
امیر میمندی پور
5
1 - دانشجوی دکتری قارچ‌شناسی، گروه پاتوبیولوژی، دانشکده علوم‌تخصصی دامپزشکی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
2 - استاد گروه پاتوبیولوژی، دانشکده علوم‌تخصصی دامپزشکی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
3 - دانشیار گروه پاتوبیولوژی، دانشکده علوم‌تخصصی دامپزشکی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
4 - استاد گروه قارچ‌شناسی و انگل شناسی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
5 - عضو هیات‌علمی گروه زیست‌فناوری دامی، پژوهشگاه ملی مهندسی ژنتیک و زیست‌فناوری تهران، تهران، ایران.
تاریخ دریافت : 1400/07/14
تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/12/01
تاریخ انتشار : 1401/03/01
کلید واژه:
نانوکامپوزیت,
موش صحرایی,
کاندیدا آلبیکنس,
التهاب,
سرکوب ایمنی,
چکیده مقاله :
کاندیدا آلبیکنس مخمر شایع در بیماری های قارچی فرصت طلب در سراسر دنیا می باشد که به فراوانی روی سطح پوست و غشاهای مخاطی کلونیزه می شود. هدف از انجام مطالعه حاضر، بررسی اثر نانوکامپوزیت مس- نقره- کایتوسان روی مخمر مذکور بود. برای سنتز نانوکامپوزیت مورد نظر، ابتدا کایتوسان به کمک دستگاه التراسونیک در آب مقطر انحلال یافته، اتصال کایتوسان و گلوتارآلدئید با تکنیک FT-IR (fourier transform infrared spectrometer) تایید و اندازه و موفولوژی نانوکامپوزیت سنتزشده با میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی تعیین شد. در قسمت مطالعه حیوانی، 43 سر موش صحرایی نر نژاد ویستار با وزن 250-200 گرم در 5 گروه 7تایی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. سیستم ایمنی موش ها با استفاده از داروی سیکلوفسفامید با دوز 30 میلی گرم/کیلوگرم با تزریق داخل صفاقی تضعیف شده و با تلقیح دهانی سوسپانسیون کاندیدایی به کاندیدیازیس مبتلا گشتند. پس از درمان با نانوکامپوزیت مس-نقره-کایتوسان و نیستاتین، مشخص گردید که تعداد سلول های التهابی در سایر گروه های مورد بررسی در مقایسه با گروه درمان شده با نیستاتین، بیشتر بود. همچنین تعداد سلول های التهابی در گروه درمان شده با نانوکامپوزیت نقره-مس-کایتوسان بسیار کمتر از گروه موش های مبتلا به کاندیدیازیس و سیستم ایمنی ضعیف شده که تحت درمان نبودند، بود. یافته های مطالعه حاضر نشان داد که اثر درمانی نانوکامپوزیت مس- نقره – کایتوسان علیه کاندیدیازیس، نسبتاً بالا بوده و تاثیر مثبتی در کاهش التهاب داشتند. گر چه اثر ضدمخمری نانوذرات مس و نانوذرات کایتوسان به طور مجزا اثبات نشد ولی بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده مشخص گردید که ترکیب آن ها اثر هم افزایی اندکی داشته و مقداری هرچند اندک، بر خاصیت ضد قارچی آن ها موثر است.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Candida albicans is a common yeast in opportunistic fungal diseases world wide, which is frequently colonized on the surface of the skin and mucous membrane. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of all nanocomposite copper-silver-chitosan on the mentioned yeast. To synthesis of the nanocomposite, first the chitosan was dissolved in water using ultrasonic device, the binding of chitosan and glutaraldehyde was determined by FT-IR technique and the size and morphology of the synthesized nanocomposite were determined by SEM microscopy. In the animal study section, 43 male Wistar rats weighing 200-250 gin 5 groups of 7 were examined. The immune system of mice was weakened by 30 mg/kg cyclophosphamide injection through peritoneal injection and was given candidiasis by oral inoculation of candida suspension. After treatment with the nanocomposite and nystatin, it was found that the number of inflammatory cells in other groups was higher than the group treated with nystatin. Also, the number of cells in nanocomposite coper- silver- chitosan- treated group was much lower than in the other group of mice with weakened immune system and untreated candidiasis. The findings of the present study showed that the therapeutic effect of the nanocomposite against candidiasis was relatively high and had a positive effect on reducing inflammation. Although the anti-yeast effect of copper and chitosan nanoparticles have not been proven separately, but based on the current results, it was found that their combination has a slight synergistic effect and to some extent, slightly effective in their antifungal properties.
منابع و مأخذ:
Abruzzo, G.K., Gill, C.J., Flattery, A.M., Kong, L., Leighton, C., Smith, J.G., et al. (2000). Efficacy of the echinocandin caspofungin against disseminated aspergillosis and candidiasis in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 44(9): 2310-2318.
Arancia, S., Carattoli, A., Lavalle, R., Cassone, A. and De bernardis, F. (2006). Use of 65 kDa mannoprotein gene primers in real time PCR identification of Candida albicans in biological samples. Molecular and Cellular Probes, 20(5): 263-268.
Dananjaya, S., Kulatunga, D., Godahewa, G., Nikapitiya, C., Oh, C., Edussuriya, M., et al. (2017). Preparation, characterization, and antimicrobial properties of chitosan–silver nanocomposites films against fish pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Indian Journal of Microbiology, 57(4): 427-437.
Ellepola, A.N. and Morrison, C.J. (2005). Laboratory diagnosis of invasive candidiasis. The Journal of Microbiology, 43(1): 65-8
Friedman, D.Z. and Schwartz, I.S. (2019). Emerging fungal infections: new patients, new patterns, and new pathogens. Journal of Fungi, 5(3): 67.
Ghavidelaghdam, E., Narimanirad, M. and Lotfi, A. (2016). Effects of silver nanoparticles synthesized through chemical reduction on plasma superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase enzymes in rat model. Journal of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 10(37): 69-79. [In Persian]
Ghorbani, E. and Azadikhah, D. (2019). Identification and determination of prevalence of saprophytic fungi in the larval stage of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in hatcheries of west Azarbaijan province. Journal of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 13(49): 91-99. [In Persian]
Haddadi, P., Khorshidi, H., Raoofi, S., Nazhvani, A. D. and Badiee, P. (2018). Comparative evaluation of conventional and nanosilver-containing leucocyte and platelet-rich fibrin/biomaterial in the anti-biofilm formation of standard species of Candida and Streptococcus. Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology, 11(8): 1-6. [In Persian].
Javadi, A. Mirzaii, H. and Ebrahimi, I. (2009). Effect of probiotics in poultry diet on microbial hazards of poultry meat. Journal of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 3(9): 377-382. [In Persian]
Karimiyan, A., Najafzadeh, H., Ghorbanpour, M. and Hekmati-Moghaddam, S.H. (2015). Antifungal effect of magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, silicon oxide and copper oxide nanoparticles against Candida albicans. Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 17(10): e2179.
Kell, D.B., Dobson, P.D., Bilsland, E. and Oliver, S.G. (2013). The promiscuous binding of pharmaceutical drugs and their transporter-mediated uptake into cells: what we (need to) know and how we can do so. Drug Discovery Today, 18(5-6): 218-239.
Lara, H. H., Romero-Urbina, D. G., Pierce, C., Lopez-Ribot, J. L., Arellano-Jiménez, M. J. and Jose-Yacaman, M. (2015). Effect of silver nanoparticles on Candida albicans biofilms: an ultrastructural study. Journal of Nanobiotechnology, 13(1): 1-12.
Lyu, X., Zhao, C., Yan, Z.M. and Hua, H. (2016). Efficacy of nystatin for the treatment of oral candidiasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Drug Design, Development and Therapy, 10: 1161.
Marins, T.A., Marra, A.R., Edmond, M.B., Martino, M.D.V., Yokota, P.K.O., Mafra, A.C.C.N., et al. (2018). Evaluation of Candida bloodstream infection and antifungal utilization in a tertiary care hospital. BMC Infectious Diseases, 18(1): 1-13.
Mehraban, A., Nasr, R., Eslami, M. and Amrollahi, H. (2019). Molecular and morphological identification of fungi isolated from sour cherry, plum and apple fruit leather in Iran. Gene Reports, 17(4): 100500.
Mirhosseini, M., Yazdani, K.N. and Dehgan, H.A. (2016). Investigation of antimicrobial properties of chitosan–ZnO Nano composite. razi journal of medical sciences (journal of iran university of medical sciences), 23(147): 104-114. [InPesian].
Ren, G., Hu, D., Cheng, E.W., Vargas-Reus, M.A., Reip, P. and Allaker, R.P. (2009). Characterisation of copper oxide nanoparticles for antimicrobial applications. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 33(6): 587-590.
Shafiei, M., Ghasemian, A., Eslami, M., Nojoomi, F. and Rajabi-Vardanjani, H. (2019). Risk factors and control strategies for silicotuberculosis as an occupational disease. New Microbes and New Infections, 27(15): 75-77.
Sütçü, M., Acar, M., Genç, G.E., Kökçü, İ., Aktürk, H., Atay, G., et al. (2017). Evaluation of Candida species and antifungal susceptibilitiesamong children with invasive candidiasis. Turk Pediatri Arsivi, 52(3): 145-153.
Thanh, N.T. and Green, L.A. (2010). Functionalisation of nanoparticles for biomedical applications. Nano Today, 5(3): 213-230.
Yousefi, B., Eslami, M., Ghasemian, A., Kokhaei, P. and Sadeghnejhad, A. (2019a). Probiotics can really cure an autoimmune disease? Gene Reports. 15(2): 100364.
Yousefi, B., Eslami, M., Ghasemian, A., Kokhaei, P., Salek Farrokhi, A. and Darabi, N. (2019b). Probiotics importance and their immunomodulatory properties. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 234(6): 8008-8018.
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Abruzzo, G.K., Gill, C.J., Flattery, A.M., Kong, L., Leighton, C., Smith, J.G., et al. (2000). Efficacy of the echinocandin caspofungin against disseminated aspergillosis and candidiasis in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 44(9): 2310-2318.
Arancia, S., Carattoli, A., Lavalle, R., Cassone, A. and De bernardis, F. (2006). Use of 65 kDa mannoprotein gene primers in real time PCR identification of Candida albicans in biological samples. Molecular and Cellular Probes, 20(5): 263-268.
Dananjaya, S., Kulatunga, D., Godahewa, G., Nikapitiya, C., Oh, C., Edussuriya, M., et al. (2017). Preparation, characterization, and antimicrobial properties of chitosan–silver nanocomposites films against fish pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Indian Journal of Microbiology, 57(4): 427-437.
Ellepola, A.N. and Morrison, C.J. (2005). Laboratory diagnosis of invasive candidiasis. The Journal of Microbiology, 43(1): 65-8
Friedman, D.Z. and Schwartz, I.S. (2019). Emerging fungal infections: new patients, new patterns, and new pathogens. Journal of Fungi, 5(3): 67.
Ghavidelaghdam, E., Narimanirad, M. and Lotfi, A. (2016). Effects of silver nanoparticles synthesized through chemical reduction on plasma superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase enzymes in rat model. Journal of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 10(37): 69-79. [In Persian]
Ghorbani, E. and Azadikhah, D. (2019). Identification and determination of prevalence of saprophytic fungi in the larval stage of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in hatcheries of west Azarbaijan province. Journal of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 13(49): 91-99. [In Persian]
Haddadi, P., Khorshidi, H., Raoofi, S., Nazhvani, A. D. and Badiee, P. (2018). Comparative evaluation of conventional and nanosilver-containing leucocyte and platelet-rich fibrin/biomaterial in the anti-biofilm formation of standard species of Candida and Streptococcus. Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology, 11(8): 1-6. [In Persian].
Javadi, A. Mirzaii, H. and Ebrahimi, I. (2009). Effect of probiotics in poultry diet on microbial hazards of poultry meat. Journal of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 3(9): 377-382. [In Persian]
Karimiyan, A., Najafzadeh, H., Ghorbanpour, M. and Hekmati-Moghaddam, S.H. (2015). Antifungal effect of magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, silicon oxide and copper oxide nanoparticles against Candida albicans. Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 17(10): e2179.
Kell, D.B., Dobson, P.D., Bilsland, E. and Oliver, S.G. (2013). The promiscuous binding of pharmaceutical drugs and their transporter-mediated uptake into cells: what we (need to) know and how we can do so. Drug Discovery Today, 18(5-6): 218-239.
Lara, H. H., Romero-Urbina, D. G., Pierce, C., Lopez-Ribot, J. L., Arellano-Jiménez, M. J. and Jose-Yacaman, M. (2015). Effect of silver nanoparticles on Candida albicans biofilms: an ultrastructural study. Journal of Nanobiotechnology, 13(1): 1-12.
Lyu, X., Zhao, C., Yan, Z.M. and Hua, H. (2016). Efficacy of nystatin for the treatment of oral candidiasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Drug Design, Development and Therapy, 10: 1161.
Marins, T.A., Marra, A.R., Edmond, M.B., Martino, M.D.V., Yokota, P.K.O., Mafra, A.C.C.N., et al. (2018). Evaluation of Candida bloodstream infection and antifungal utilization in a tertiary care hospital. BMC Infectious Diseases, 18(1): 1-13.
Mehraban, A., Nasr, R., Eslami, M. and Amrollahi, H. (2019). Molecular and morphological identification of fungi isolated from sour cherry, plum and apple fruit leather in Iran. Gene Reports, 17(4): 100500.
Mirhosseini, M., Yazdani, K.N. and Dehgan, H.A. (2016). Investigation of antimicrobial properties of chitosan–ZnO Nano composite. razi journal of medical sciences (journal of iran university of medical sciences), 23(147): 104-114. [InPesian].
Ren, G., Hu, D., Cheng, E.W., Vargas-Reus, M.A., Reip, P. and Allaker, R.P. (2009). Characterisation of copper oxide nanoparticles for antimicrobial applications. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 33(6): 587-590.
Shafiei, M., Ghasemian, A., Eslami, M., Nojoomi, F. and Rajabi-Vardanjani, H. (2019). Risk factors and control strategies for silicotuberculosis as an occupational disease. New Microbes and New Infections, 27(15): 75-77.
Sütçü, M., Acar, M., Genç, G.E., Kökçü, İ., Aktürk, H., Atay, G., et al. (2017). Evaluation of Candida species and antifungal susceptibilitiesamong children with invasive candidiasis. Turk Pediatri Arsivi, 52(3): 145-153.
Thanh, N.T. and Green, L.A. (2010). Functionalisation of nanoparticles for biomedical applications. Nano Today, 5(3): 213-230.
Yousefi, B., Eslami, M., Ghasemian, A., Kokhaei, P. and Sadeghnejhad, A. (2019a). Probiotics can really cure an autoimmune disease? Gene Reports. 15(2): 100364.
Yousefi, B., Eslami, M., Ghasemian, A., Kokhaei, P., Salek Farrokhi, A. and Darabi, N. (2019b). Probiotics importance and their immunomodulatory properties. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 234(6): 8008-8018.
