شناسایی محلات هدف مداخله با تأکید بر شاخص های بافت ناکارآمد شهری (مطالعه موردی: محلات منطقه 19 تهران)
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهریهومان گودرزی 1 * , لطفعلی کوزه گر 2 , محمد تقی رضویان 3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری، جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
2 - دانشیار و عضو هیأت علمی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
3 - استاد و عضو هیأت علمی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: محلات هدف مداخله, بافت ناکارآمد شهری, منطقه 19 تهران, اراضی قهوه‌ای.,
چکیده مقاله :
جهت مداخله در بافت‌ها و محلات شهری، ابتدا باید سطح شناخت کافی ایجاد شود تا از این طریق بتوان برنامه‌ریزی صحیح انجام داد. بستر برنامه‌ریزی نقش مهمی دارد. شناسایی محلات هدف مداخله برنامه‌ریزی از طرق مختلفی انجام می‌شود که در این میان شاخص‌های بافت ناکارآمد شهری می‌تواند ابزاری مناسب برای این شناخت باشد. پژوهش حاضر در نظر دارد تا محلات منطقه 19 شهرداری تهران را موردبررسی و تحلیل قرار دهد و درنهایت محلات اولویت‌دار برای مداخله شناسایی کند. با توجه به اهداف و ماهیت طرح این تحقیق از نوع پژوهش‌های کاربردی می‌باشد. جامعه آماری تحقیق حاضر متخصصین و کارشناسان حوزه شهرسازی، برنامه‌ریزی شهری، مدیریت شهری، اساتید دانشگاهی، نخبگان و دانشجویان دکتری و سایر افرادی که به نحوی نسبت به موضوع موردمطالعه آگاهی و تخصص دارند. روش نمونه‌گیری در پژوهش حاضر به‌صورت هدفمند و غیرتصادفی است. ازآنجایی‌که حجم دقیق جامعه آماری به‌صورت دقیق مشخص نیست، حجم نمونه نیز تا رسیدن به حد اشباع علمی و برابر با 50 نفر در نظر گرفته‌شده است. با توجه به یافته‌های پژوهش مشخص شد که مؤلفه‌های نازل بودن کیفیت زندگی با امتیاز نهایی 0.333 و مؤلفه محرومیت با امتیاز نهایی 0.297 در رتبه‌های اول و دوم قرار دارد؛ به‌عبارت‌دیگر ازنظر کارشناسان این دو مؤلفه بیشتر از سایر مؤلفه‌ها نشان‌دهنده ناکارآمدی بافت‌های شهری می‌باشد. به‌طورکلی نتایج نشان می‌دهد که هر چه از سمت شرق منطقه 19 تهران به سمت غرب آن حرکت شود بافت‌های شهری وضعیت ناکارآمد را نشان می‌دهد. سه محله خانی‌آباد شمالی، اسفندیاری و شریعتی شمالی نسبت به سایر محله‌ها وضعیت بهتری را دراند و در مقابل محله‌های علی‌آباد، اسماعیل‌آباد و نعمت‌آباد در وضعیت بسپار نامطلوب قرار دارند.
In order to intervene in urban contexts and localities, first, a sufficient level of knowledge must be created so that proper planning can be done in this way. The planning platform plays an important role. Identification of target areas for planning intervention is done in different ways, among which the indicators of inefficient urban context can be a suitable tool for this identification. The current research intends to investigate and analyze the neighborhoods of the 19th district of Tehran municipality and finally identify the priority neighborhoods for intervention. According to the objectives and the nature of the project, this research is of applied research type. The statistical population of the present research is specialists and experts in the field of urban planning, urban planning, urban management, university professors, elites and doctoral students and other people who somehow have knowledge and expertise about the subject under study. The sampling method in this research is purposeful and non-random. Since the exact size of the statistical population is not known precisely, the sample size has been considered until reaching the scientific saturation level and equal to 50 people. According to the findings of the research, it was found that the components of low quality of life with a final score of 0.333 and the component of deprivation with a final score of 0.297 are in the first and second ranks. In other words, according to experts, these two components show the inefficiency of urban tissues more than other components. In general, the results show that as you move from the east side of the 19th district of Tehran to the west side, the urban tissues show an inefficient situation. The three neighborhoods of North Khani Abad, Esfandiari, and North Shariati are in a better condition than other neighborhoods, and in contrast to the neighborhoods of Ali Abad, Ismail Abad, and Nemat Abad, they are in an unfavorable situation.
Extended Abstract
Introduction
Today, the metropolis of Tehran is expanding in different directions, which is more visible in the southern regions of Tehran, where the economic conditions of land and topography are available. Region 19 of Tehran municipality with a population of more than 250 thousand people is one of the vast areas of Tehran that is currently experiencing spiral growth, so that a large part of the population and buildings are located in the eastern half of the region and more than 50% of the region they are unbuilt and far apart. In addition, the existence of brown, worn-out lands and informal settlements has fueled the issue that the conditions of the region can be generalized to an inefficient context. It is worth noting that in the macro-policies, which can be seen in the regional and local plans of the region; there is no specific plan for the organization of these lands. In other words, the group of managers and practitioners who somehow have the role of policy-making towards inefficient urban structures, for various reasons, including the lack of human and decision-making expertise, a concentrated and sectoral view, lack of budget, and lack of a clear vision. And..., they could not adopt a clear policy. In addition to this, experience shows that most of the interventions and policies that are made towards these tissues, have a commanding and centralist approach, which have almost failed. Therefore, it is necessary to first identify the policies of intervention in inefficient contexts, and to reveal and analyze its merits and demerits, and in the next step, taking into account global experiences, theoretical literature, and the opinion of specialists and experts, the ideal model for intervention in the context urban inefficiencies in general and the 19th district of Tehran should be adopted in particular.
Methodology
According to the objectives and the nature of the project, this research is of applied research type. The interdisciplinary nature and framework of the current research requires quantitative and qualitative research methods, which are known as mixed or mixed methods in the world literature. The statistical population of the present research is specialists and experts in the field of urban planning, urban planning, urban management, university professors, elites and doctoral students and other people who somehow have knowledge and expertise about the subject under study. The sampling method in this research is purposeful and non-random. Since the exact size of the statistical population is not known precisely, the sample size has been considered until reaching the scientific saturation level and equal to 50 people. Data collection methods are carried out in two ways: survey and documentation. In this way, in order to obtain the data for analysis and analysis from the survey method and to collect the desired data for the preparation and compilation of theoretical foundations and research methods from the documentary method and refer to articles, theses, books, documents, sites and so on... is used. In order to know the location and status of the 19th district of Tehran according to the indicators of inefficient urban tissues, the multi-criteria decision making models of TOPSIS are used.
Results and discussion
In the current research, according to the theoretical foundations, the indicators of urban narkarmed tissues have been identified, which are evaluated and prioritized in this section using the opinion of experts and specialists of this index. The characteristics of the sample community are as follows. According to the demographic characteristics, it should be said that 37.69% of the sample population is women and 62.31% is men. In terms of age, the most respondents are in the age group of 30 to 65 years with 61.54 percent of all respondents. Among the respondents in terms of education, most of them have a master's degree, which is 42.31%, and 38.46% of the doctorate. The largest number of respondents are in the occupational category of consulting engineers (23.85%) and university professors (34.62%). The descriptive characteristics of the sample members in the present study are as follows. According to the findings of the research, it was found that the components of low quality of life with a final score of 0.333 and the component of deprivation with a final score of 0.297 are in the first and second ranks. In other words, according to experts, these two components show the inefficiency of urban tissues more than other components.
Conclusion
According to the findings of the research, it was found that the components of low quality of life with a final score of 0.333 and the component of deprivation with a final score of 0.297 are in the first and second ranks. In other words, according to experts, these two components show the inefficiency of urban tissues more than other components. Then, these indicators were evaluated in the 19th district of Tehran, the results showed that the inefficient condition of the neighborhoods of the 19th district is generally in an unfavorable situation in terms of the resource pollution component. Meanwhile, North Khani Abad and Abdul Abad neighborhoods are in a better condition than other neighborhoods. On the other hand, the neighborhoods of Ismailabad and Aliabad are in very unfavorable conditions. The dysfunctional state of the localities of the 19th region in terms of the component of waste and destruction of resources shows that the localities of North Khani Abad, Esfandiari and North Shariati are in a very good condition, and in contrast to the western localities of the region, they are in an unfavorable condition. The dysfunctional state of neighborhoods in Region 19 in terms of the identity component shows that, in general, the status of this component is more favorable than other components in Region 19, but neighborhoods such as Shahid Kazemi and Ali Abad are in a very unfavorable situation. The dysfunctional state of the neighborhoods of region 19 in terms of the safety component shows that in this component, region 19 is in an intermediate situation. that only two neighborhoods of Shahzi Kazemi and Ismail Abad are in unfavorable condition. The dysfunctional state of the districts of the 19th region in terms of the deprivation component shows that this component is severely affected by the name status.
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