ارزیابی دیدگاه شهروندان نسبت به ایجاد مرکز بهداشتی-درمانی و تعیین مکان‌های بهینه در ناحیه دو شهر فولادشهر با استفاده از مدل های تصمیم گیری مکانی
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهریحجت صادقی 1 * , شهره امیدی 2 , فاطمه عباسی 3
1 - استادیار، دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی و برنامه ریزی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
2 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، سنجش از دور و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی، دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی و برنامه ریزی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
3 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، سنجش از دور و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی، دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی و برنامه ریزی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
کلید واژه: مکان بهینه, بیمارستان, توسعه شهری, مدل تصمیم گیری مکانی.,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف این پژوهش تعیین و اولویت بندی مکان های بهینه ایجاد بیمارستان در ناحیه دو شهر فولادشهر است. روش پژوهش توصیفی-تحلیلی و مبتنی بر دادههای مکانی است. تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها به روش مقایسه زوجی در نرمافزار Arc GIS و Expert Choice و همچنین نرم افزار spss انجام شد. در محیط نرمافزار لایه‌های رستری مرتبط با هر معیار تهیه و از طریق عملیات وزن‌دهی، استانداردسازی انجام شد. همچنین از مدل AHP جهت مقایسه معیارها و زیرمعیارها استفاده شد. با عملیات همپوشانی لایه ها و اعمال وزن های محاسبه شده، نقشه نهایی تهیه شد. نتیجه آزمون تی تک نمونه ای تایید نمود که در سطح معناداری کمتر از 05/0 ،شهروندان ایجاد بیمارستان جدید را یک نیاز اساسی می دانند. همچنین نتیجه نشان داد معیار فاصله از مراکز بهداشتی موجود با وزن 362/0 و سپس مجاورت با مناطق مسکونی با وزن 202/0 به عنوان مهمترین معیارها در مکان یابی بیمارستان جدید شناخته شدند. همچنین بر اساس نقشه وزن دهی شده، سه مکان برای احداث بیمارستان جدید در ناحیه دو شهر فولادشهر پیشنهاد شده و محدوده بسیار مناسب برای ایجاد بیمارستان، بیش از از 83/12 درصد ار ناحیه شهری را به خود اختصاص داده است. بر اساس نتیجه مدل تاپسیس، اولویت اول برای احداث بیمارستان جدید، مکان یک با وزن 573/0 بوده که از لحاظ شاخص دسترسی مکانی، دسترسی زمانی و عدم مشکلات زمین در وضعیت مطلوبی شناخته شده است.
Nowadays, given the rapid growth of urbanization, the development of urban services, especially health and medical services, has gained significant importance. In this context, Fooladshahr, due to its peripheral position near the metropolis of Isfahan and its considerable population absorption, requires the expansion of healthcare services and the establishment of a new hospital. This study aimed to identify and prioritize optimal locations for constructing a hospital in District 2 of Fooladshahr. The research method was descriptive-analytical, and the data were analyzed using ArcGIS, Expert Choice, and SPSS software. For this purpose, raster layers of various criteria were prepared, standardized, and weighted through the AHP model. Subsequently, by overlaying the layers and applying the calculated weights, the final location map was produced.The results of the one-sample t-test indicated that at a significance level of less than 0.05, citizens considered the establishment of a new hospital an essential necessity. Furthermore, the analysis of the criteria showed that distance from existing healthcare centers with a weight of 0.362 and proximity to residential areas with a weight of 0.202 were the most influential factors in hospital site selection. Based on the generated maps, three suitable locations were proposed for the new hospital, with the most suitable area covering more than 12.83% of District 2. In addition, the results of the TOPSIS model revealed that location number one, with a weight of 0.573, was selected as the first priority, as it was identified to have favorable conditions in terms of spatial and temporal accessibility as well as the absence of land-related problems. The findings indicate that proper site selection can be an effective step toward the sustainable development of healthcare services in Fooladshahr.
Extended Abstract
Introduction
Nowadays, due to the rapid growth of urbanization, the development of urban services is very important and necessary. Based on this, the development of health-treatment services based on spatial and justice-oriented models can be a step towards the future. Hospitals are considered vital centers of cities and their optimal location can be very effective. In this regard, various human and natural factors are influential. The geographic information system and related methods have the ability to evaluate urban uses to create a new hospital. In this regard, to locate the hospital, it is necessary to examine various criteria. Considering different criteria can lead to determining the best location and decision. As one of the peripheral cities of Isfahan metropolis, Fuladshahr has a major role in attracting the population, and because of this role, the expansion of services, including medical services, is an undeniable necessity for this city. Therefore, considering the increase in population and future perspective in this field, the establishment of a new hospital can be effective in the sustainable development of this city. The purpose of this research is to determine and prioritize the optimal locations for the establishment of a hospital in two district of Fuladshahr.
Methodology
The research method is descriptive-analytical and based on spatial data. Data analysis was done by pairwise comparison method in Arc GIS and Expert Choice software. Raster layers associated with each criterion were prepared in the software and standardized through weighting operations. Also, AHP model was used to compare criteria and sub-criteria. By overlaying the layers and applying the calculated weights, the final map was prepared.The data have been prepared and analyzed through documentary and organizational methods. The basic data for the preparation of the maps was the location data obtained from the municipality of Fuladshahr. The criteria used in this research are 1- slope, 2- proximity to residential areas, 3- proximity to green space (park), 4- proximity to main streets, 5- distance from educational centers, 6- distance from religious centers. Mosque), 7-distance from commercial centers, 8-distance from existing health centers.
Results and discussion
First, the classes of the criteria were determined in Arc GIS software, and then based on the opinion of the experts and in the Expert Choice software, the options (classes) were compared in pairs and their final weight was calculated. Next, in the GIS environment, the weights were applied to the corresponding layers. Based on the results, appropriate to inappropriate areas have been determined for each criterion. For example, the highest weight for the slope index related to the interval or slope class of 0 to 35.4% was 0.474; Because the lower the slope, the better the situation for building a hospital. In the following, 8 main criteria are evaluated through the pairwise comparison method in order to determine their importance relative to each other in order to locate the new hospital. The results showed that the most important criterion in locating the new hospital was the distance criterion from the existing health centers with a weight of 0.362. In fact, the new hospital should have a suitable distance from the existing centers in order to be able to cover the entire urban area. Proximity to residential areas with a weight of 0.202 from the point of view of experts is known as another important criterion that has won the second rank. According to the prepared map, the green areas are known as the best areas for building a new hospital. These areas are located in the southeast, south and almost east of the urban area. According to the area index, the most suitable area for the construction of a new hospital occupies more than 12.83% of the urban area. This area is generally scattered in three parts of the southeast and south of the urban area. Also, the area suitable for establishing a hospital includes 8.07% of the entire urban area. After the new places to establish a hospital in two districts of Fuladshahr were determined, these places were prioritized using the TOPSIS decision-making method. To evaluate the 3 proposed locations, five indicators of location accessibility, time accessibility, centrality, proximity to wasteland and lack of land problems were emphasized. Based on the results, from the point of view of experts, the barren land index with a weight of 0.342, and then the location accessibility index with a weight of 0.224 are known as the most important indicators in prioritizing the three proposed locations. According to the results of the weighted matrix, location one with a weight of 0.182 has the best position in the location accessibility index. Also, in terms of the centrality index, location two with a weight of 0.155 had the best conditions. After going through various stages of evaluation of the proposed locations using the TOPSIS method, it was finally determined that location 1 with a weight of 0.573 was recognized as the first priority for establishing a hospital. This place has two establishments in the southeast part and near the street in the urban area.
Conclusion
According to the results, it can be concluded that distance from existing health centers with a weight of 0.362 and then proximity to residential areas with a weight of 0.202 were recognized as the most important criteria in locating a new hospital. Also, based on the weighted map, three places have been proposed for the construction of a new hospital in two districts of Fuladshahr, and the most suitable area for the establishment of a hospital has been allocated more than 12.83% of the urban area. According to the results of the TOPSIS model, the first priority for the construction of a new hospital is location 1 with a weight of 0.573, which is known to be in a favorable condition in terms of location accessibility, time accessibility and lack of land problems.
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