بررسی نقش مؤلفه‌های روانشناختی بر رفتار زیست‌محیطی کشاورزان دماوند و فیروزکوه
1 - استادیار گروه روان شناسی بالینی، دانشکده علوم و فناوریهای پزشکی، واحد علوم تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران .* (مسوول مکاتبات)
کلید واژه: رفتار زیست‌محیطی, روانشناسی محیط زیست, نگرش, خودپنداره,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: موضوع این پژوهش پیمایشی توصیفی در «بررسی نقش مؤلفه‌های روانشناختی بر رفتار زیست‌محیطی کشاورزان دماوند و فیروزکوه» در حوزه مطالعاتی روانشناسی محیط زیست قرار دارد. هدف اصلی این پژوهش بررسی تأثیر متغیرهای روانشناختی شامل نگرش و خودپنداره بر رفتار زیست‌محیطی کشاورزان شهرستان فیروزکوه می‌باشد.
روش بررسی: روش اين تحقيق از نظر رويکرد توصيفي ـ پيمايشي است. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل کشاورزان و باغداران شهرستان‌های فیروزکوه و دماوند بودند که با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری ساده تصادفی با انتساب متناسب و با استفاده از فرمول کوکران، 372 نفر نمونه‌گیری شدند. در این پژوهش از ضرایب همبستگی پیرسون و آماره رگرسیون چندمتغیره و برآوردهای نرم‌افزار لیزرل استفاده شده است.
یافته‌ها: نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که خودپنداره و نگرش زیست‌محیطی مؤلفه‌های اصلی سازه روانشناختی بر رفتار زیست‌محیطی (در ابعاد مدیریت آب، مدیریت خاک، مدیریت تلفیقی آفات) مؤثر هستند. نهایت امر اینکه، توان متغیرهای مستقل مورد استفاده در تبیین واریانس متغیر وابسته (رفتار زیست‌محیطی)، 31 درصد بوده است.
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج پژوهش مؤیدی است بر اینکه بهره‌گیری از روانشناسی به ما کمک می‌کند با اصلاح نگرش‌ها و خودپنداره‌های زیست‌محیطی، دغدغه‌های آینده‌نگرانه کشاورزان و باغداران منطقه را به بهره‌گیری درست از منابع و حفظ سهم و حقوق نسل‌های آینده از منابع آب، خاک، هوا، گیاهان و حیات وحش سوق دهند.
Background and Objective: The subject matter of the present research, ‘Examining the Role of Psychological Elements on Farmers’ Environmental Behaviors in Damavand and Firoozkooh Provinces,’ belongs to psychological studies with emphasize on environment. The present research’ main goal is to review the effects of psychological variables - including attitude and self-concept - on farmers’ environmental behaviors in these provinces.
Material and Methodology: This is a descriptive-survey research. Its statistical population, 372 individuals, include farmers and gardeners in Damavand and Firoozkooh provinces sampled by simple random sampling with proportional assignment and using Cochran formula. Pearson correlation coefficients, multivariate regression statistic and LIZREl software estimates were used in the present research.
Findings: The research’s results showed that self-concept and environmental attitude were the main elements of psychological structure effective on environmental behaviors, in aspects of water management, soil management and integrated pest management. At the end, one could say that the independent variables powers used in explaining dependent variable variance, i.e. behavioral behavior, was %31.
Discussion and Conclusion: The research’s results confirmed that psychology may help us in reforming environmental attitudes and self-concepts in order to turn farmers’ and gardeners’ concerns regarding future in these provinces to make a sustainable use of water, soil, air, plants and wild life resources and preserve coming generations’ shares and rights.
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