تحلیلی بر مؤلفه‌های کلیدی مؤثر بر ارتقای عملکرد لجستیک با رویکرد مدل سازی معادلات ساختاری (مورد مطالعه: صنعت پست کشور)
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت صنعتیروح اله سلحشوری 1 , احمد جعفرنژاد 2 , عزت الله اصغری زاده 3 , منصور مومنی 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری گروه مدیریت صنعتی، پردیس البرز دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
2 - استاد گروه مدیریت صنعتی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
3 - دانشیار گروه مدیریت صنعتی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
4 - استاد دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه ستاد گروه مدیریت صنعتی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران تهران
کلید واژه: مدل سازی معادلات ساختاری, مؤلفه‌های کلیدی, عملکرد لجستیک, صنعت پست,
چکیده مقاله :
امروزه، بخش لجستیک به عنوان یکی از ارکان اصلی توسعه اقتصادی کشورها شناخته شده است. عملکرد لجستیک کشورها، عامل رشد اقتصادی و رقابت آنها در هر دو زمینه تجارت بین‌المللی و داخلی خواهد بود. سیاست‌گذاران، اجرای سیاست‌های منسجم و پایدار را برای یکپارچه‌سازی زنجیره تأمین نه تنها در کشورهای دارای بهترین عملکرد، بلکه در اقتصادهای نوظهور نیز به عنوان موتوری برای رشد ضروری می‌دانند. کشورهای دارای عملکرد ضعیف در بخش لجستیک با هزینه‌های بالا روبرو هستند. این امر نه تنها به دلیل هزینه‌های حمل و نقل بلکه به دلیل زنجیره‌های تأمین غیرقابل اتکا است که مانع اصلی همگرایی و رقابت در زنجیره ارزش جهانی محسوب می‌شود. این تحقیق با درک ضرورت و اهمیت این موضوع، به تحلیل مؤلفه‌های کلیدی مؤثر بر ارتقای عملکرد لجستیک به روش توصیفی-پیمایشی و همبستگی پرداخته است. بدین منظور با مرور گسترده مباحث نظری و مصاحبه با خبرگان صنعت پست کشور، مدلی مفهومی از مؤلفه‌های کلیدی مؤثر بر ارتقای عملکرد لجستیک ارائه و پنج فرضیه اصلی پیشنهاد شده است. جامعه آماری این تحقیق، کلیه خبرگان، مدیران و کارکنان شرکت پست جمهوری اسلامی ایران هستند که با استفاده از فرمول کوکران، حجم نمونه آماری این تحقیق برابر 384 نفر احتساب گردید. جهت تحلیل داده‌ها از رویکرد مدل سازی معادلات ساختاری و نرم‌افزار SPLS استفاده گردید. نتایج نهایی تحقیق نشان داد که تمامی متغیرها (مدیریت دانش، مدیریت سازمان منابع انسانی، عوامل داخلی، عوامل خارجی) برعملکرد لجستیک صنعت پست کشور تأثیر مثبت و معناداری دارد. بدین ترتیب صنعت پست می‌تواند با استفاده از الگوی طراحی‌شده و با تقویت و اجرای موفق این عوامل، گام بسیار بزرگی در جهت ارتقای عملکرد لجستیک کشور بردارد.
The logistics sector is nowadays known as one of the main pillars of economic development since it is the logistic performance that can have a knock-on effect on economic growth and competitiveness in both international and domestic trade. According to policy makers, implementing coherent and sustainable policies to integrate the supply chain is vital to ignite growth and development not only in economically prosperous countries but also in emerging economies. Economically underprivileged countries are normally those that suffer high costs in the logistics sector owing not only to transportation rates but also to unreliable supply chains that can hamper convergent and competitive functioning in the global value chain. Having realized the vitality of logistics sector, the present descriptive correlational survey aimed at investigating the effect of key components that can have a bearing on improved logistics performance in Post industry. To serve the purpose, a conceptual model of key components, along with five main hypotheses, was proposed based on a thorough literature review and consultation with experts in the post industry. The research population comprised all experts, managers and staff of the Islamic Republic of Iran Post Company from whom a sample of 402 was selected based on the Cochran formula. The collected data were analyzed via Structural Equation Modeling. The findings emerging from the study revealed that all components including knowledge management, human resources organization management, internal and external factors had positive and significant effects on the performance of logistics sector in the post industry. It is suggested that reinforcing the specified components and employment of the designed pattern can help the post industry to take a major step towards improving its logistic performance.
Aghazadeh, H., Estiri, M., & Aslanlou, B.(2007). Investigating the Effective Components on Enterprise Competitiveness in Iran. Journal of Economic Research, 6 (3), 38-60, (In Persian).
Amir Khanloo, M., & Safdari, F. (2016). Iran's Competitiveness Status in the Global Competitiveness Report 2017-2016. Tehran: Economic Research Center, (In Persian).
Asgharizadeh, A., & Ghassemi, A. R. (2009). Supply Chain Performance Excellence: An Innovative Approach to Achieve Comprehensive Supply Chain Management (Case Study: Chain of Supply of Shahrvand Corporation).Commercial Companies,13(52),97-124,(In Persian).
Blokian Roodsari, A., & Shahbazi, M. (2010). Investigating the Effect of Private Sector on Infrastructure Development. Strategy Journal, 19 (57), 245-276, (In Persian).
De Souza, R., Mark, G., Sumeet, G., & Luo, L. (2007). An Investigation into the Measures Affecting the Integration of ASEAN’s Priority Sectors: Phase 2: The Case of Logistics. REPSF Project.
Divandari, A., Nikokar, Gh., Nahavandian, G., & Aghazadeh, H. (2008). Market Orientation and Business Performance in Iran. Commercial Management, 1(1), 39-54, (In Persian).
Fahimnia, E.(2013). Infrastructure Geographical Disadvantage, Transport Costs, and Trade. World Bank Economic Review, 15(3), 451-479.
Faqih, N., Ranaei Kurd Shulli, H., Mohammadi, A., Samadi, A., Mousavi Haghighi, M., & Ghafournian, M. (2013). Evaluation of Iran's Fixed Communication Services Supply Chain with a Systemic Dynamics Approach. Industrial Management Vision, 11, 111-137, (In Persian).
Ghafari Toran, H. (2011). The Role and Position of Supplier Relationship Management in Logistics and Supply Chain. Supply Chain Management Quarterly, 13(32), 34-45, (In Persian).
Ghanbari, A. (2015), Investigating Transportation Effects Focused on Inter-Workshop Logistics System (Case Study: Saipa Logistics System). Master's Thesis, Tehran: Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, (In Persian).
Gharbian, A. S. (2010). Identification of the Effect of Post Industry Capabilities on the Development of Internet Businesses. Master's Thesis, Tehran: Tehran University (In Persian).
Ghasemi, A. R., & Adusi, H. (2014). Evaluation of the Effect of Logistic Performance on Global Competitiveness during 2007-2013. Business Management Magazine, 6(2), 359-380, (In Persian).
Gunasekaranetal, K. (2007). The Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012, Switzerland: World Economic Forum Geneva.
Hamdi, M., & Mohammadi Kabood Cheshmeh, H. (2013). Methods for Assessing the Performance of the Logistics in Military Organizations. the First International Conference on Political Epic (with an Approach to Middle Eastern developments) and Economic Epic(with an Approach to Management and Accounting),(In Persian).
Hossein Abadi, M. (2012). Investigating the Role of Post Industry in Multimodal Transport. The First Conference on Multimodal Transportation in the National and International Trade, Available in: http://www.worldbank.org, (In Persian).
Khaki, Gh. (2008). Research Methodology with an Approach to Thesis Writing, Tehran: Derayat Publication Center, (In Persian).
Korinek, J., & Sourdin, P. (2011). To What Extent Are High-Quality Logistics Services Trade Facilitating. OECD Trade Policy Working Papers, 108.
Martí, L., Martín, J. C., & Puertas, R. (2017). A DEA-Logistics Performance Index. Journal of Applied Economics. 1, 169-192.
Mehregan, M., Safari, H., & Asgharizadeh, A. (2010). Methanol Petrochemical Competitive Power Measurement Using Fuzzy System. Journal of Business Management,2(4),165-184,(In Persian).
Molaei, Gh. (2009), Logistics Performance Management of Iran Khodro Supply Chain. Master Thesis, Shiraz: Shiraz University, (In Persian).
Rodger James Demetriades, P., & Morgenroth, E. (2017). Infrastructure, Transport Costs and Trade. Journal of International Economics, 47(1), 91-112.
Sayami Baghbanan, A. (2010). Investigating the Effect of Logistics Performance on the Relationship between Supply Chain Management Strategy and Organizational Performance. Master's Thesis, Tehran: Shahid Beheshti University, (In Persian).
Shafiee, M., & Tarmast, P.(2014). The Effect of Supply Chain Management Processes on Competitive Advantage and Organizational Performance (Case Study:Supplying Automotive Parts Company (SAPCO)). Quantitative Studies in Management, 5(2), 105-124 (In Persian).
Shah Bandarzadeh, H., & Abadi, F. (2016). Supply Chain Performance Evaluation with the Approach of the Operational Reference Model for Supply Chain (Case Study: Marine Industries of Iran: Sadra). Commercial Review, 79, 37-65, (In Persian).
Tajbakhsh, T.R., & Chaterjee, L.R.(2015). Economic Consequences of Transport Improvements. Retrieved in: www.uctc.net/access/ access.asp.
Zailani, E. (2007). Competitive Advantage. New York: Free Press.
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Aghazadeh, H., Estiri, M., & Aslanlou, B.(2007). Investigating the Effective Components on Enterprise Competitiveness in Iran. Journal of Economic Research, 6 (3), 38-60, (In Persian).
Amir Khanloo, M., & Safdari, F. (2016). Iran's Competitiveness Status in the Global Competitiveness Report 2017-2016. Tehran: Economic Research Center, (In Persian).
Asgharizadeh, A., & Ghassemi, A. R. (2009). Supply Chain Performance Excellence: An Innovative Approach to Achieve Comprehensive Supply Chain Management (Case Study: Chain of Supply of Shahrvand Corporation).Commercial Companies,13(52),97-124,(In Persian).
Blokian Roodsari, A., & Shahbazi, M. (2010). Investigating the Effect of Private Sector on Infrastructure Development. Strategy Journal, 19 (57), 245-276, (In Persian).
De Souza, R., Mark, G., Sumeet, G., & Luo, L. (2007). An Investigation into the Measures Affecting the Integration of ASEAN’s Priority Sectors: Phase 2: The Case of Logistics. REPSF Project.
Divandari, A., Nikokar, Gh., Nahavandian, G., & Aghazadeh, H. (2008). Market Orientation and Business Performance in Iran. Commercial Management, 1(1), 39-54, (In Persian).
Fahimnia, E.(2013). Infrastructure Geographical Disadvantage, Transport Costs, and Trade. World Bank Economic Review, 15(3), 451-479.
Faqih, N., Ranaei Kurd Shulli, H., Mohammadi, A., Samadi, A., Mousavi Haghighi, M., & Ghafournian, M. (2013). Evaluation of Iran's Fixed Communication Services Supply Chain with a Systemic Dynamics Approach. Industrial Management Vision, 11, 111-137, (In Persian).
Ghafari Toran, H. (2011). The Role and Position of Supplier Relationship Management in Logistics and Supply Chain. Supply Chain Management Quarterly, 13(32), 34-45, (In Persian).
Ghanbari, A. (2015), Investigating Transportation Effects Focused on Inter-Workshop Logistics System (Case Study: Saipa Logistics System). Master's Thesis, Tehran: Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, (In Persian).
Gharbian, A. S. (2010). Identification of the Effect of Post Industry Capabilities on the Development of Internet Businesses. Master's Thesis, Tehran: Tehran University (In Persian).
Ghasemi, A. R., & Adusi, H. (2014). Evaluation of the Effect of Logistic Performance on Global Competitiveness during 2007-2013. Business Management Magazine, 6(2), 359-380, (In Persian).
Gunasekaranetal, K. (2007). The Global Competitiveness Report 2011-2012, Switzerland: World Economic Forum Geneva.
Hamdi, M., & Mohammadi Kabood Cheshmeh, H. (2013). Methods for Assessing the Performance of the Logistics in Military Organizations. the First International Conference on Political Epic (with an Approach to Middle Eastern developments) and Economic Epic(with an Approach to Management and Accounting),(In Persian).
Hossein Abadi, M. (2012). Investigating the Role of Post Industry in Multimodal Transport. The First Conference on Multimodal Transportation in the National and International Trade, Available in: http://www.worldbank.org, (In Persian).
Khaki, Gh. (2008). Research Methodology with an Approach to Thesis Writing, Tehran: Derayat Publication Center, (In Persian).
Korinek, J., & Sourdin, P. (2011). To What Extent Are High-Quality Logistics Services Trade Facilitating. OECD Trade Policy Working Papers, 108.
Martí, L., Martín, J. C., & Puertas, R. (2017). A DEA-Logistics Performance Index. Journal of Applied Economics. 1, 169-192.
Mehregan, M., Safari, H., & Asgharizadeh, A. (2010). Methanol Petrochemical Competitive Power Measurement Using Fuzzy System. Journal of Business Management,2(4),165-184,(In Persian).
Molaei, Gh. (2009), Logistics Performance Management of Iran Khodro Supply Chain. Master Thesis, Shiraz: Shiraz University, (In Persian).
Rodger James Demetriades, P., & Morgenroth, E. (2017). Infrastructure, Transport Costs and Trade. Journal of International Economics, 47(1), 91-112.
Sayami Baghbanan, A. (2010). Investigating the Effect of Logistics Performance on the Relationship between Supply Chain Management Strategy and Organizational Performance. Master's Thesis, Tehran: Shahid Beheshti University, (In Persian).
Shafiee, M., & Tarmast, P.(2014). The Effect of Supply Chain Management Processes on Competitive Advantage and Organizational Performance (Case Study:Supplying Automotive Parts Company (SAPCO)). Quantitative Studies in Management, 5(2), 105-124 (In Persian).
Shah Bandarzadeh, H., & Abadi, F. (2016). Supply Chain Performance Evaluation with the Approach of the Operational Reference Model for Supply Chain (Case Study: Marine Industries of Iran: Sadra). Commercial Review, 79, 37-65, (In Persian).
Tajbakhsh, T.R., & Chaterjee, L.R.(2015). Economic Consequences of Transport Improvements. Retrieved in: www.uctc.net/access/ access.asp.
Zailani, E. (2007). Competitive Advantage. New York: Free Press.