Effects of ZnSO4 Foliar Application on Vegetative Growth and Phenolic and Essential Oil Content of Geranium (Pelargonium odoratissimum L.)

محورهای موضوعی : مجله گیاهان زینتی

Lamia Vojodi Mehrabani ¹ , Mohammad Bagher Hassanpouraghdam ² , Asghar Ebrahimzadeh ³ , Rana Valizadeh Kamran ⁴

1 - Assistant Professor, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University
2 - Department of Horticulture, University of Maragheh
3 - Department of Horticulture, University of Maragheh
4 - Department of Biotechnology, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University

تاریخ دریافت : 1394/11/28 تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/03/16 تاریخ انتشار : 1395/06/11

کلید واژه: growth, Essential Oil, phenolic compound, <i>Pelargonium odoratissimum</i> L, ZnSO4,

چکیده مقاله :

Pelargonium odoratissimum is a perennial evergreen used as a fragrant ornamental plant. Leaves, green branches and fresh flowers contain essential oils, that have been shown to possessantibacterial,antifungal, antiviral,insecticidal andantioxidant properties. In order tostudytheeffect of foliar spray of ZnSO4 (0, 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 mg L-1) on vegetative growth and some physiological characteristics of Pelargonium odoratissimum L. plants, a pot experiment was carried out during 2015 at the Research Greenhouse of Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Iran. Vegetative growth (plant height, fresh and dry weight) was significantly affected by the application of ZnSO4. Foliar application of ZnSO4 promoted plant height especially at 2000 mg L-1. Chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were affected with ZnSO4 treatment as well. The content of essential oil was not significantly influenced with ZnSO4 spray. ZnSO4 application had significant effect on total phenolic and anthocyanins (at 1000 and 2000 mg L-1) and total flavonoids (at 2000 mg L-1) content.

چکیده انگلیسی:

شعمدانی عطری از گیاهان دائمی و همیشه سبز است که به عنوان گیاهی معطر در فضای سبز استفاده می‌شود. برگ‌ها، شاخساره‌های سبز و گل‌های تازه گیاه حاوی اسانس است. اسانس این گیاه دارای اثرات ضد باکتری، ضد قارچ، حشره کشی و آنتی اکسیدانی است. به منظور مطالعه تاثیر محلول پاشی برگی سولفات روی (0، 1000، 2000، 3000  و 4000 میلی گرم در لیتر) بر رشد رویشی و برخی ویژگی‌های فیزیولوژیک شعمدانی عطری آزمایش گلدانی طی سال 2015 در دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان طراحی شد. نتایج نشان داد که رشد رویشی شعمدانی (ارتفاع گیاه، وزن تر و خشک) شدیدا تحت تاثیر محلول پاشی سولفات روی قرار گرفت. محلول پاشی برگی سولفات روی موجب افزایش ارتفاع گیاه (در غلظت 2000 میلی گرم در لیتر)، محتوای کلروفیل کل، کلروفیل a ، b و کاروتنوئید شد. محتوای اسانس نمونه تحت تاثیر محلول پاشی سولفات روی قرار نگرفت. محلول پاشی برگی سولفات روی تاثیر معنی‌داری روی محتوای فنل کل، آنتوسیانین (در غلظت 1000 و 2000 میلی گرم در لیتر) و فلاونوئید کل (در غلظت 2000 میلی گرم در لیتر) داشت.

منابع و مأخذ:

Abd El-Wahab, M. A. 2008. Effect of some trace elements on growth, yield and chemical constituents of Trachyspermum ammi L. plants under Sinai conditions. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences. 4(6):717-724.

Amberger, A. 1982. Micronutrient and other iron problem in Egypt. Short communication. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 5: 967-968.

Ayad, H. S., Reda, F. and Abdalla, M. S. A. 2010. Effect of putrescine and zinc on vegetative growth, photosynthetic pigment, lipid peroxidation and essential oil content of geranium. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 6(5): 601-610.

Cakmak, I.  2000. Possible roles of zinc in protecting plant cells from damage by reactive oxygen species. New Phytologist. 146: 185- 205.

Cakmak, I. 2008. Enrichment of cereal grains with zinc: agronomic or genetic biofortification?. Plant and Soil. 302 (1): 1 -17.

Cakmak, I. and Engels, C. 1999. Role of mineral nutrients in photosynthesis and yield formation. In: Ringel, Z. (ed.): Haworth Press, New York. Mineral Nutrition of Crops. pp. 141-168.

Fahad, S., Masood Ahmad,  K. H., Akbar Anjum, M. and Hussain, S. 2014. The effect of micronutrients (B, Zn and Fe) foliar application on the growth, flowering and corm production of gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.) in calcareous soils. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology. 16: 1671-1682.

Farahat, M. M., Soad Ibrahim, M. M., Taha, L. S. and FatmaEl-Quesni, E. M. 2007. Response of vegetative growth and some chemical constituents of Cupressus sempervirens L. to foliar application of ascorbic acid and zinc at Nubaria. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences 3(4): 496-502.

Fox, T. L. and Guerimot, M. L. 1998. Molecular biology of action transport in plants. Annuals Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology. 49: 669-696. www.aensiweb.com/old/jasr/jasr/2012/901-914.pdf.

Kaya, C. and Higgs, D. 2002. Responce of tomato cultivars to application of zinc when grown in the sand culture at low zinc. Scientia Horticulturae. 93: 53-64.

Kim, K. H., Tsao, R., Yang, R. and Cui, S.W. 2006. Phenolic acid profiles and antioxidant activities of wheat bran extracts and the effect of hydrolysis conditions. Food Chemistry. 95: 466–473.

Marschner, H. 1986. Function of mineral nutrients. Micronutrients. In: Academic Press, New York. Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. Pp. 269-300.

Misra, A. and Srivastava, N. K. 2010. Value addition of essential monoterpene oil(s) in geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) on leaf positions for commercial exploitation. African Journal of Agricultural Research. 5 (15): 2077-2079.

Nahed, G. A. and Balbaa, L. K. 2007. Influence of tyrosine and zinc on growth, flowering and chemical constituents of Salvia farinacea. Journal of Applied Sciences Research 3(11): 1479-1489.

Nasiri, Y. and Najafi, N. 2015. Effects of soil and foliar applications of iron and zinc on flowering and essential oil of chamomile at greenhouse conditions. Acta Agriculturae Slovenica. 105: 33 - 41.

Ohki, K. 1976. Effect of zinc nutrition on photosynthesis and carbonic anhydrase activity. Physiologia Plantarum, 38: 300-304.

Ohki, K. 1978. Zinc concentration in soybean as related to growth, photosynthesis, and Carbonic anhydrase activity. Crop Science. 18: 79- 82.

Prochazkova, D., Sairam, R. K., Srivastava, G. C. and Singh, D. V. 2001. Oxidative stress and antioxidant activity as the basis of senescence in maize leaves. Plant Science, 161: 765-771.

Quettier-Deleu, C., Gressier, B., Vasseur, J., Dine, T., Brunet, J., Luyck, M., Cazin, M., Cazin, J. C., Bailleul, F. and Trotin, F. 2000. Phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) hulls and flour. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 72: 35-40.

Salehi Sardoei, A.,  Shahdadneghad, M.,  RohanyYazdi,  M. and Mohammadi, T. 2014. Effects of zinc sulphate and ascorbic acid on flowering characteristics of ornamental plant gazania (Gazania rigens) cv. Day Break Red Stripe. International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research. 2: 392-398.

Song, C.Z., Liu, M.Y., Meng, J.F., Chi, M., Xi, Z.M. and Zhang, Z.W. 2015. Promoting effect of foliage sprayed zinc sulfate on accumulation of sugar and phenolics in berries of Vitis vinifera cv. Merlot growing on zinc deficient soil. Molecules. 20: 2536-2554.