Investigation of Tuberose's Quantitative Characteristics and Identification of Its Associated Pathogens under Different Levels of Nitrogen and Potassium in Khuzestan Province

محورهای موضوعی : مجله گیاهان زینتی

Seyed Hossein Mahmoodi Nezhad Dezfully ¹ , Kaivan Karimi ²

1 - Soil and Water Research Department, Safiabad Agricultural Research and Education and Natural Resources Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Dezful, Iran
2 - Plant Protection Department, Safiabad Agricultural Research and Education and Natural Resources Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Dezful, Iran

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/04/15 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/08/05 تاریخ انتشار : 1399/12/11

کلید واژه: macro elements, Plant pest and disease, Quantitative parameters, <i>Polianthes tuberosa</i>,

چکیده مقاله :

This study aimed to assess the effect of different levels of nitrogen and potassium on tuberose's quantitative characteristics and identification of its associated pathogens in the Khuzestan province of Iran. The experiment was carried out at Safiabad Agricultural Research and Education and Natural Resources Center as a completely randomized factorial design with 3 replications. Factors included four levels of nitrogen (0, 100, 200 and 300 kg N ha-1) as Urea, three levels of potassium (0, 150 and 300 kg K2O ha-1) as potassium sulfate and a constant level of phosphorous (100 kg p 2O5 ha-1) as super phosphate. In current study, leaf nitrogen, spike length, leaf length, SPAD readings, leaf area index (LAI), optical depreciation coefficient, disease percentage and absorbed photosynthetically active radiation parameters were measured. The results showed that the effect of nitrogen on leaf length, SPAD readings, optical depreciation coefficient, absorbed photosynthetically active radiation, and disease percentage was significant at 0.05 probability level while on leaf nitrogen, spike length, and LAI was significant at 0.01 probability level. Potassium had no any significant effect on corresponding parameters in this experiment. In addition, the causal agents of necrotic spots on the tips and edges of the leaves and petals were identified as Botrytis sp., Curvularia sp., and Fusarium sp. while the main cause of necrotic spots on the petals was a thrips, which is probably eitherF.intonsaorF.schultzeispecies. Overall, the application of 100 kg ha-1 of nitrogen and no application of K2O are the best treatments and recommended for florists (in planting large bulbs).

چکیده انگلیسی:

این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تأثیر سطوح مختلف نیتروژن و پتاسیم بر خصوصیات کمی گل مریم و شناسایی عوامل بیماری­زای مرتبط با آن در استان خوزستان انجام شد. این آزمایش بصورت فاکتوریل و در قالب بلوک کامل تصادفی در 3 تکرار در مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی صفی آباد دزفول اجرا گردید. فاکتورها شامل چهار سطح نیتروژن شامل N1= 0، N2= 100، N3= 200 و N4= 300 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن خالص از منبع اوره و سه سطح پتاسیم شامل K1= 0، K2= 150 و K3= 300 کیلوگرم در هکتارK2O  ازمنبع سولفات پتاسیم و 100 کیلوگرم p < sub>2O5  در هکتار از منبع سوپر فسفات تریپل بود. در این تحقیق نیتروژن برگ، طول خوشه، طول برگ، قرائت SPAD، شاخص سطح برگ (LAI)، ضریب استهلاک نوری، درصد بیماری و تابش فعال فتوسنتزی جذب شده اندازه گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که کود نیتروژن بر طول برگ، قرائت کلروفیل‌متر، ضریب استهلاک نوری، تشعشع فعال فتوسنتزی جذب شده و درصد بیماری در سطح 5 درصد همچنین بر درصد نیتروژن برگ، طول خوشه و شاخص سطح برگ در سطح 1 درصد تأثیر معنی‌دار داشته است. پتاسیم اثر معنی داری بر پارامترهای اندازه­گیری شده در این آزمایش نداشت. عوامل ایجاد کننده لکه های نکروزه در نوک و لبه­های برگ و گلبرگBotrytis sp. ، .Curvularia sp و .Fusarium sp بودند. در حالی که علت اصلی ایجاد لکه­های نکروزه روی گلبرگ­ها، تریپس است که احتمالاً از گونه­های F.intonsa یا F.schultzei است. به­طور کلی، کاربرد 100 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن و صفر کیلوگرم در هکتار K2O تیمار مناسب بدست آمده از نتایج پروژه است که می­توان به گل‌کاران (در کاشت پیاز درشت) توصیه نمود.

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