طراحی سیستم معیشتی سازگار و پایدار با محیط زیست تالاب شادگان با رویکرد توسعه میدان نفتی
محورهای موضوعی : فنآوری های نوین در منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست
محمد سعیدی فرد
1
,
آزاده نکویی اصفهانی
2
,
مهدی نظری صارم
3
1 - گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده عمران و منابع زمین
2 - هیِِت علمی دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی واحد تهران مرکزی ،گروه مهندسی محیط زیست
3 - مهندسی نفت، گروه اموزشی مهندسی نفت، دانشکده عمران و منابع زمین، تهران مرکزی
کلید واژه: تالاب شادگان, توسعه میدان نفتی, سیستم معیشتی, تصمیم گیری چند معیاره هیبریدی,
چکیده مقاله :
مقدمه: محیط زیست بی بدیل تالاب‌ها سبب تجمع ساکنین در اطراف آن‌ها، افزایش گردشگری و همچنین منبع کار و روزی مردم منطقه بوده است. تالاب شادگان یکی از مهمترین تالاب‌های کشور است که با توسعه میدان نفتی در اطراف آن تغییراتی در محیط زیست، گردشگری و حتی زندگی مردم این منطقه پدید آمد. هدف از این تحقیق طراحی سیستم معیشتی سازگار و پایدار با محیط زیست تالاب شادگان با رویکرد توسعه میدان نفتی می‌باشد. مواد و روش‌ها: این تحقیق یک تحقیق کاربردی می‌باشد، نحوه گردآوری داده‌ها به صورت توصیفی- غیرآزمایشی است و در میان انواع روش‌های تحقیق توصیفی در زمره مطالعه موردی قرار گرفته است. جامعه آماری 10 نفر از خبرگان شرکت بهره‌برداری نفت و گاز مارون را شامل شده است که پرسشنامه خبرگان در میان آن‌ها توزیع گردید. بر اساس مطالعات صورت گرفته معیار‌های اصلی تحقیق شامل عوامل اجتماعی، زیست محیطی، قانونی و اقتصادی می‌باشد. تجزیه‌و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از رویکرد ANP-DEMATEL صورت گرفته است. نتایج و بحث: بر اساس نتایج تحقیق اثبات شد، معیار " عوامل زیست محیطی" با وزن نهائی 574/0 در اولویت اول میان معیار‌ها بوده و بیشترین تعامل با سایر معیار‌ها را دارا می‌باشد. عوامل قانونی با تأثیرگذاری 719/6 تأثیرگذارترین و عوامل اجتماعی با تأثیرپذیری 099/7 تأثیرپذیرترین معیار می‌باشد. زیرمعیار "فقدان برنامه اجرایی و دستورالعمل تخصصی مدیریت محیط زیست در میادین نفتی" با وزن نهائی 1605/0 در اولویت اول میان زیرمعیار‌ها می‌باشد. نتیجه‌گیری: با مد نظر قرار دادن توسعه میدان نفتی در محدوده تالاب شادگان، با هدف دستیابی به محیط زیستی پایدار، می‌توان از وارد شدن لطمه به سیستم معیشتی بومیان جلوگیری کرد. در این خصوص توجه به داشتن برنامه اجرایی و دستورالعمل تخصصی مدیریت محیط زیست در میادین نفتی و وجود ضمانت اجرایی برای آن از اهمیت فراوان برخوردار است.
Introduction: Since ancient times, the wetlands had an alternative environment that caused residents to gather around them, and these wetlands were a source of work and livelihood for the people of the region, and this led to an increase in tourism. Shadgan Wetland is one of the most important wetlands in the country, and with the development of the oil field around it, changes in the environment, tourism and even the life of the people of this region emerged. Materials and Methods: This research was conducted with the aim of designing a livelihood system compatible and sustainable with Shadgan wetland environment with the approach of oil field development. In terms of research classification according to the purpose, it is an applied research, the method of data collection is descriptive-non-experimental, and among the types of descriptive research methods, it is classified as a case study. The statistical population includes 10 experts of Maron Oil and Gas Exploitation Company, among whom the expert questionnaire was distributed. Based on the studies, the main research criteria include social, environmental, legal and economic factors. Results and Discussion: Data analysis has been done using ANP-DEMATEL approach. Based on the results of the research, it was proven that the "environmental factors" criterion with a final weight of 0.574 is the first priority among the criteria and has the most interaction with other criteria, legal factors with an influence of 6.719 are the most influential and social factors with an influence of 099. 7/ is the most effective criterion, the sub-criterion "lack of executive plan and specialized guidelines for environmental management in oil fields" with a final weight of 0.1605 is the first priority among the sub-criteria. Conclusion: considering the development of the oil field in the area of Shadgan wetland, with the aim of achieving a sustainable environment so as not to harm the livelihood system of the natives of the area, attention should be paid to having an executive plan and specialized instructions for environmental management in oil fields and the existence Executive guarantee is very important for it
1. Akbari, R.; Mirdamadi, S. M.; Faraj Elah H., S. J.; Lashgarara, F.; (2021) Designing a model of participatory management in the sustainability of saline wetlands in Mesileh plain of Qom province, Journal of Agricultural Extension and Education Research, Volume 14, Number 1, pp. 1-13. (in persian)
2. Asumadu, G., Quaigrain, R., Owusu-Manu, D., Edwards, D. J., Oduro-Ofori, E., Kukah, A. S. K., & Nsafoah, S. K. (2023). Analysis of risks factors associated with construction projects in urban wetlands ecosystem. International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 30(2), 198-210.
3. Banavidi, H.; (2022) Exploitation and protection of Iran's wetlands in the light of Ramsar International Convention, Management and humanities researches in Iran, period 8. (in persian)
4. Bastaminia, A.; Safaipour, M.; Tazesh, Yu.; Dasturpour, M. J.; (2013) Environment and sustainable development, The first national conference on urban planning, urban management and sustainable development. (in persian)
5. Bazarafshan, Sh.(2018). Sociological investigation of the relationship between lifestyle and social participation of elderly citizens of Gorgan city. Urban Sociological Studies, 7(25), 91-116.
6. Dahmardeh, M.; Shahraki, J.; Akbari, A.; (2018) Economic evaluation of the environmental damage caused by the drying up of the Hamon wetland on the ecosystem of the Sistan region, Journal of Natural Environment Hazards, Volume 8, Number 19, pp. 209-228. (in persian)
7. Do, Y., Kim, J.Y., Lineman, M., Kim, D.K. and Joo, G.J.(2015) Using internet search behavior to assess public awareness of protected wetlands. Conservation Biology, 29(1), pp.271-279.
8. Eriegha, O. J., & Sam, K. (2020). Characterization of Crude Oil Impacts and Loss of Livelihood in the Niger Delta, Nigeria: A Fisheries Perspective. International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research, 1, 255-273.
1. Ghanian, M., Ghoochani, O. M., Mohammadzadeh, L., Cotton, M., Özerol, G., & Tiefenbacher, J. P. (2023). Interactions Between Changing Climates and Land Uses: The Case of Urmia Lake, Iran. In Indigenous and Local Water Knowledge, Values and Practices (pp. 139-159). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore.
2. Hosseini, M. (2023) Environmental impact assessment consecutive rubber dams in the Karzin river Fars province, Journal of Modern Research in Environmental Engineering, Volume 1, Number 1, pp. 1-12. (in persian)
3. Huq, N., Pedroso, R., Bruns, A., Ribbe, L., & Huq, S. (2020). Changing dynamics of livelihood dependence on ecosystem services at temporal and spatial scales: an assessment in the southern wetland areas of Bangladesh. Ecological Indicators, 110, 105855.
4. Jiang, B., Wong, C.P., Chen, Y., Cui, L. and Ouyang, Z.(2015) Advancing wetland policies using ecosystem services–China’s way out. Wetlands, 35(5), pp.983-995.
5. Kakuba, S. J., & Kanyamurwa, J. M. (2021). Management of wetlands and livelihood opportunities in Kinawataka wetland, Kampala-Uganda. Environmental challenges, 2, 100021.
6. Karimi Sangchini, I.; Islami, I.; (2019) Comprehensive evaluation and ranking of factors threatening biodiversity in the watershed of Chaghakhor International Wetland, Pasture and Watershed, Journal of Natural Resources of Iran, Volume 73, Number 3, pp. 571-585. (in persian)
7. Khajawi, P.; Nemati, F. (2022) Detection of oil slicks in the Persian Gulf using MODIS sensor images, Land Ecology Quarterly, first year, first issue, pp. 50-78. (in persian)
8. Khosnoud, Z.; Khoshnoud, R. (2007) Investigation of the most important polluting factors of Shadgan Wetland" 2nd Conference and Specialized Exhibition of Environmental Engineering. (in persian)
9. Kingsford, R. T., & Walburn, A. J. D. (2022). Oil and gas exploration and development in the Lake Eyre Basin: distribution and consequences for rivers and wetlands, including the Coongie Lakes Ramsar Site. Marine and Freshwater Research.
10. Kolahi, M.; Azimi Saqin Sara, R.; Hatami, Yazd, A.; (2022) Management of Bezengan wetland through capacity building and social participation, Human and Environment Quarterly, No. 63, pp. 73-86. (in persian) 11. Lamsal, P., Atreya, K., Pant, K.P. and Kumar, L.(2016) February. Tourism and wetland conservation: application of travel cost and willingness to pay an entry fee at Ghodaghodi Lake Complex, Nepal. In Natural Resources Forum (Vol. 40, No. 1-2, pp. 51-61).
12. Manouri, M.; (2022) Environmental Effects of Development Projects, Publications: Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Unit. (in persian)
13. Mazloumi, A.; Zarkami, R.; (2022) Characteristics and importance of wetlands as the most productive ecosystems availablem 7th International Congress on Agricultural Development and Environment with emphasis on the United Nations Development Program. (in persian)
14. Mehmadi Kartlai, H.; Nohagar, A.; (2021) Investigation of the destruction factors of Horul Azim wetland and its protection strategies, Second International Conference on Urban Planning, Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment. (in persian)
15. Merriman, J.C. & Murata, N. (2016). Guide for Rapid Economic Valuation of Wetland Ecosystem Services. BirdLife International Tokyo, Japan. Ministry of the Environment Japan.
16. Mirzaei, A.; Sabeti, M.; (2018) Estimating the economic benefits of Jazmurian wetland restoration and preservation programs, Agricultural Economics Research, Volume 11, Number 1, pp. 53-80. (in persian)
17. Mohammadi, M.; Najafi, V.; (2016) Protection of wetlands in international law, in the light of the Ramsar Convention, Legal Research, Volume 16, Number 31, pp. 231-250. (in persian)
18. Mohtsham Nia, S. (2023) Investigating environmental sustainability using ecological footprint index (case study: Abadan city, Khuzestan province), Journal of Modern Research in Environmental Engineering, Volume 1, Number 1, pp. 55-66. (in persian)
19. Mouszadeh, R.; (2017) Estimating the economic value of market goods in the coastal ecosystem of the Anzali Wetland, Environmental Promotional Scientific Quarterly, No. 59, pp. 47-62. (in persian)
20. Mouszadeh, Roya; (2017) "Estimating the economic value of market goods in the coastal ecosystem of the Anzali Lagoon", Environmental Promotional Scientific Quarterly, No. 59, pp. 47-62. (in persian)
21. Muradjani, Shirin (2022) Investigating the effect of climate change on the future tourism of Lorestan province using the TCI index and radiation forcing scenarios, Land Ecology Quarterly, Volume 1, Number 1, pp. 27-37. (in persian)
22. Oxman, Ch.; Mito, A.; Bismarck, A.; (2021) "Environmentally compatible materials" Publications: University of Tehran, translator: Sakuni, Mehdi; Akbarpour, Iman; Sepahund, Sima. (in persian)
23. Pordbani, R.; (2016) Systemic thinking approach in environmental management, The first competition of the comprehensive international conference of engineering sciences in Iran. (in persian)
24. Qarani Arani, B.; Sharifi Yar, J.; Ghaffari, S. R.; (2016) Analysis of the effects of high water scarcity on the social and economic aspects of villagers' lives, Rural Research Quarterly, Volume 8, Number 3, pp. 422-437. (in persian)
25. Rafei, A.; Danekar, A.; (2021) Natural appearance and environmental features of Shadgan wetland, Nature of Iran, Volume 6, Number 4, pp. 135-146. (in persian)
26. Rafei, A.; Danekar, A.; Zandbasiri, M.; Bagherzadeh Karimi, M.; (2022) An analysis of land use/land cover
changes in Shadgan International Wetland in recent years, Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System in Natural Resources (Application of Remote Sensing and GIS in Natural Resources Sciences), Volume 13, Number 2, pp. 1-5. (in persian)
27. Rochwulaningsih, Y., Masruroh, N. N., Sholihah, F., Widodo, S. K., & Budiyanto, S. (2020). Managing socio-economic problems of the wetland environment in South Kalimantan. In E3S Web of Conferences (Vol. 202, p. 03025). EDP Sciences.
28. Sadeghi, A. R., & Shams, F. (2017). Role Analysis of the Sense of Security in Enhancement of the Citizens’ Social Participation Case Study: Shiraz, Iran. Strategic Research on Social Problems in Iran, 6(4), 91-104.
29. Salehi, S.; Faizi, S.; Qolipour, Y.; (2019) Analysis of the factors affecting the image and environmentally friendly behavior of tourists in nature-based tourism destinations (case study: Masal city) Scientific Journal of Tourism Management Studies, Volume 15, Number 52, pp. 53-80. (in persian)
30. Sam, K., & Zabbey, N. (2018). Contaminated land and wetland remediation in Nigeria: opportunities for sustainable livelihood creation. Science of the Total Environment, 639, 1560-1573.
31. Shushtri Akhan, K.; Qalehaki, R. R.; (2021) "Introduction of a comprehensive environmental management system in oil field development plans (case study: Azar oil field development plan, Ilam province)" Oil and Gas Exploration and Production, No. 186, pp. 57-62. (in persian)
32. Talebi, A.; Talaiyan, M.; Abbasi Guderzi, F.; Freeman, B.; (2019) Evaluation of possible effects of land use changes on water quality of Shadgan lagoon using remote sensing data, Spatial Analysis of Environmental Hazards, Volume 7, Number 2, pp. 33-48. (in persian)
33. Torres, C. & Hanley, N. (2017). Communicating research on the economic valuation of coastal and marine ecosystem services, Marine Policy. 75: 99–107.
34. Volik, O., Elmes, M., Petrone, R., Kessel, E., Green, A., Cobbaert, D., & Price, J. (2020). Wetlands in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region: the nexus between wetland hydrological function and resource extraction. Environmental Reviews, 28(3), 246-261