تاثیر تحولات ریزساختاری بر خواص خوردگی فولاد زنگ نزن آستنیتی s310 پس از عملیات ترمومکانیکی
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی - پژوهشی مواد نوین
رضا بلوک حیدری
1
,
مصطفی اسکندری
2
,
مهدی یگانه
3
1 - دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد رشته مهندسی مواد، گرایش شناسایی و انتخاب مواد، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.
2 - استادیار، عضو هیئت علمی رشته مهندسی مواد، گروه مهندسی مواد، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.
3 - استادیار، عضو هیئت علمی رشته مهندسی مواد، گروه مهندسی مواد، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.
کلید واژه: ریزساختار, خوردگی, فولاد زنگ نزن آستنیتی s310, عملیات ترمومکانیکی,
چکیده مقاله :
چکیده
مقدمه: در این پژوهش تحولات ریزساختاری و تاثیر آن بر خواص خوردگی فولاد زنگ نزن آستنیتی s310 طی عملیات ترمومکانیکی بررسی شد.
روش: فرایند نورد سرد به میزان 90 درصد کاهش در ضخامت انجام پذیرفت. سپس نمونه‌ها در دماهای 750، 850، 950 و 1050 درجه سانتی‌گراد به مدت 10 دقیقه آنیل شدند. به کمک میکروسکوپ نوری ریزساختار نمونه‌ها مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. جهت بررسی خواص خوردگی نمونه‌ها از آزمون‌های طیف‌سنجی امپدانس الکتروشیمیایی و پلاریزاسیون پتانسیودینامیک در محلول سدیم کلرید 5/3 درصد وزنی استفاده گردید.
یافته‌ها و نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج نشان داد که فرایند نورد سرد موجب کاهش اندازه دانه و تبدیل فاز آستنیت به مارتنزیت αʹ ناشی از کرنش می‌شود. در ادامه در اثر عملیات آنیل استحاله برگشتی مارتنزیت αʹ به آستنیت اتفاق می‌افتد. افزایش دمای آنیل نیز موجب رشد دانه و افزایش متوسط اندازه دانه می‌شود. کاهش اندازه دانه در اثر فرایند نورد سرد موجب افزایش مقاومت به خوردگی می‌شود. همچنین مقاومت به خوردگی در اثر آنیل نمونه در دمای 750 درجه سانتی‌گراد افزایش پیدا کرده و مقدار آن نسبت به نمونه بدون آنیل از 26800 به Ω.cm2 38950 می‌رسد. انجام استحاله برگشتی از عوامل اصلی این افزایش در مقاومت به خوردگی می‌باشد. درحالی که افزایش دمای آنیل رشد دانه و کاهش تدریجی مقاومت به خوردگی را به دنبال دارد. به گونه‌ای که مقدار مقاومت به خوردگی در نمونه آنیل شده در دمای 1050 درجه سانتی‌گراد به Ω.cm2 5400 کاهش می-یابد.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: In this study, microstructural changes and their effect on corrosion properties of 310s austenitic stainless steel during thermomechanical treatment were investigated.
Methods: The cold rolling process was performed with a 90% reduction in thickness. The samples were then annealed at 750, 850, 950, and 1050 °C for 10 minutes. The microstructure of the samples was examined by an optical microscope. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization tests were performed in 3.5 wt. % NaCl to investigate the corrosion properties of the samples.
Findings and Conclusion: The results showed that the cold rolling process reduces the grain size and converts the austenite phase to strain-induced αʹ-martensite. Subsequently, a reverse transformation of αʹ-martensite to austenite occurs due to the annealing. Increasing the annealing temperature also causes grain growth and an increase in the average grain size. Corrosion resistance improved by reduction in grain size. Annealing at 750 °C also increased the corrosion resistance from 26800 to 38950 Ω.cm2 compared to the un-annealed sample. Reverse transformation is one of the main factors in this increase in corrosion resistance. While increasing the annealing temperature leads to grain growth and a decrease in corrosion resistance. So that the amount of corrosion resistance in the annealed sample at 1050 °C is reduced to 5400 Ω.cm2.
[1] Sun, H., Sun, Y., Zhang, R., Wang, M., Tang, R., Zhou, Z., (2015). Study on hot workability and optimization of process parameters of a modified 310 austenitic stainless steel using processing maps. Materials and Design, 67 165–172.
[2] Christian, J. L., Gruner, J. D., & Girton, L. D., (1962). The Effects of Cold Rolling on the Mechanical Properties of Type 310 Stainless Steel at Room and Cryogenic Temperatures. Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials, 127–133.
[3] Somani, M. C., Juntunen, P., Karjalainen, L. P., Misra, R. D. K., Kyröläinen, A., (2009). Enhanced mechanical properties through reversion in metastable austenitic stainless steels. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science, 40 (3), 729–744.
[4] Mostafaei, M.A., Kazeminezhad, M., (2020). The effect of temperature on microstructure during ultra-rapid annealing of severely deformed low-carbon steel. Journal of New Materials, 11 (40), 1–12.
[5] Xu, D., Wan, X., Yu, J., Xu, G., Li, G., (2018). Effect of cold deformation on microstructures and mechanical properties of austenitic stainless steel. Metals, 8 (7), 1–14.
[6] Nezakat, M., Akhiani, H., Sabet, S. M., Szpunar, J., (2017). Electron backscatter and X-ray diffraction studies on the deformation and annealing textures of austenitic stainless steel 310S. Materials Characterization, 123 115–127.
[7] Shirdel, M., Mirzadeh, H., Parsa, M. H., (2015). Enhanced Mechanical Properties of Microalloyed Austenitic Stainless Steel Produced by Martensite Treatment. Advanced Engineering Materials, 17 (8), 1226–1233.
[8] Kheiri, S., Mirzadeh, H., Naghizadeh, M., (2019). Tailoring the microstructure and mechanical properties of AISI 316L austenitic stainless steel via cold rolling and reversion annealing. Materials Science and Engineering A, 759 (March), 90–96.
[9] Di Schino, A., Barteri, M., Kenny, J. M., (2003). Effects of grain size on the properties of a low nickel austenitic stainless steel. Journal of Materials Science, 38 (23), 4725–4733.
[10] Gupta, R. K., Birbilis, N., (2015). The influence of nanocrystalline structure and processing route on corrosion of stainless steel: A review. Corrosion Science, 92 1–15.
[11] Feng, X., Lu, X., Zuo, Y., Chen, D., (2014). The passive behaviour of 304 stainless steels in saturated calcium hydroxide solution under different deformation. Corrosion Science, 82 347–355.
[12] Eskandari, M., Yeganeh, M., Motamedi, M., (2012). Investigation in the corrosion behaviour of bulk nanocrystalline 316L austenitic stainless steel in NaCl solution. Micro and Nano Letters, 7 (4), 380–383.
[13] Ravi Kumar, B., Mahato, B., Singh, R., (2007). Influence of cold-worked structure on electrochemical properties of austenitic stainless steels. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science, 38 A (9), 2085–2094.
[14] Hamada, A. S., Karjalainen, L. P., Somani, M. C., (2006). Electrochemical corrosion behaviour of a novel submicron-grained austenitic stainless steel in an acidic NaCl solution. Materials Science and Engineering A, 431 (1–2), 211–217.
[15] Fu, X., Ji, Y., Cheng, X., Dong, C., Fan, Y., Li, X., (2020). Effect of grain size and its uniformity on corrosion resistance of rolled 316L stainless steel by EBSD and TEM. Materials Today Communications, 25 101429.
[16] Padilha, A. F., Plaut, R. L., Rios, P. R., (2003). Annealing of cold-worked austenitic stainless steels. ISIJ International, 43 (2), 135–143.
[17] Yang, S. W., Spruiell, J. E., (1982). Cold-worked state and annealing behaviour of austenitic stainless steel. Journal of Materials Science, 17 (3), 677–690.
[18] Donadille, C., Valle, R., Dervin, P., Penelle, R., (1989). Development of texture and microstructure during cold-rolling and annealing of F.C.C. alloys: Example of an austenitic stainless steel. Acta Metallurgica, 37 (6), 1547–1571.
[19] Rezaei, H. A., Ghazani, M. S., Eghbali, B., (2018). Effect of post deformation annealing on the microstructure and mechanical properties of cold rolled AISI 321 austenitic stainless steel. Materials Science and Engineering A, 736 364–374.
[20] Odnobokova, M., Belyakov, A., Enikeev, N., Molodov, D. A., Kaibyshev, R., (2017). Annealing behavior of a 304L stainless steel processed by large strain cold and warm rolling. Materials Science and Engineering A, 689 (October 2016), 370–383.
[21] Nezakat, M., Akhiani, H., Hoseini, M., Szpunar, J., (2014). Effect of thermo-mechanical processing on texture evolution in austenitic stainless steel 316L. Materials Characterization, 98 10–17.
[22] Stott, F. H., Wei, F. I., (1989). High temperature oxidation of commercial austenitic stainless steels. Materials Science and Technology (United Kingdom), 5 (11), 1140–1147.
[23] Yeganeh, M., Omidi, M., Eskandari, M., (2018). Superhydrophobic Surface of AZ31 Alloy Fabricated by Chemical Treatment in the NiSO4 Solution. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 27 (8), 3951–3960.
[24] Saremi, M., Yeganeh, M., (2010). Corrosion behavior of copper thin films deposited by EB-PVD technique on thermally grown silicon dioxide and glass in hydrochloric acid media. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 123 (2–3), 456–462.
[25] Mandal, S., Singh, J. K., Lee, D. E., Park, T., (2020). Effect of phosphate-based inhibitor on corrosion kinetics and mechanism for formation of passive film onto the steel rebar in chloride-containing pore solution. Materials, 13 (16), 3642.
[26] Shaeri Karimi, M. H., Yeganeh, M., Alavi Zaree, S. R., Eskandari, M., (2021). Corrosion behavior of 316L stainless steel manufactured by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) in an alkaline solution. Optics and Laser Technology, 138 (January), 106918.
[27] Kumar, B. R., Singh, R., Mahato, B., De, P. K., Bandyopadhyay, N. R., Bhattacharya, D. K., (2005). Effect of texture on corrosion behavior of AISI 304L stainless steel. Materials Characterization, 54 (2), 141–147.
[28] Bolouk Heidari, R., Eskandari, M., Yeganeh, M., (2020). Investigation of Microstructural and Texture Changes of 310 Austenitic Stainless Steel After Cold Rolling Process. 3rd National Conference on Materials Engineering, Metallurgy and Mining, Iran.
[29] Tiamiyu, A. A., Eduok, U., Szpunar, J. A., Odeshi, A. G., (2019). Corrosion behavior of metastable AISI 321 austenitic stainless steel: Investigating the effect of grain size and prior plastic deformation on its degradation pattern in saline media. Scientific Reports, 9 (1), 1–18.
[30] Abbasi Aghuy, A., Zakeri, M., Moayed, M. H., Mazinani, M., (2015). Effect of grain size on pitting corrosion of 304L austenitic stainless steel. Corrosion Science, 94 368–376.
[31] Kwok, C. T., Cheng, F. T., Man, H. C., Ding, W. H., (2006). Corrosion characteristics of nanostructured layer on 316L stainless steel fabricated by cavitation-annealing. Materials Letters, 60 (19), 2419–2422.
[32] Bösing, I., Marquardt, G., Thöming, J., (2020). Effect of Heat Treatment of Martensitic Stainless Steel on Passive Layer Growth Kinetics Studied by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy in Conjunction with the Point Defect Model. Corrosion and Materials Degradation, 1 (1), 77–91.
_||_