بررسی جذب زیستی سرب توسط باکتری های مقاوم به سرب جداشده از پساب کارخانجات شهرک صنعتی آق قلا
محورهای موضوعی : میکروب شناسی محیطی
محسن ابراهیمی
1
(
کارشناس ارشد، گروه میکروب شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد دامغان، دامغان
)
آنیا آهنی آذری
2
(
استادیار، گروه میکروب شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد گرگان، گرگان
)
کلید واژه: سرب, زیست پالایی, باکتری های مقاوم, باکتری های جاذب,
چکیده مقاله :
سابقه و هدف: سرب یک فلز سنگین و یک آلاینده پایدار در طبیعت است که از طریق پساب های صنعتی به محیط وارد می شود. این مطالعه با هدف جداسازی باکتری های مقاوم به سرب از پساب های صنعتی و بررسی جذب زیستی سرب انجام شد. مواد و روش ها: این مطالعه توصیفی بر روی سه نمونه پساب انجام گرفت. برای جداسازی باکتری های مقاوم به سرب از نوترینت آگار حاوی غلظت های مختلف استات سرب استفاده شد. سپس خصوصیات 28 کلنی بررسی گردید. از این تعداد 6 کلنی با بیشترین مقاومت به سرب انتخاب شدند و با استفاده از اسپکتروفتومتری جذب اتمی میزان جذب سرب توسط این جدایه ها اندازه گیری گردید. 4 جدایه برتر که دارای بیشترین جذب سرب بودند به کمک روش مولکولی شناسایی شدند. یافته ها: 78.5 درصد باکتری های مقاوم جدا شده گرم مثبت و 21.5 درصد گرم منفی بودند. با استفاده از آزمون های بیوشیمیایی مشخص شد که 46.5 درصد از جدایه ها به جنس باسیلوس تعلق دارند. از این میان جدایه T5 بیشترین جذب سرب را داشت. همچنین نتایج تعیین توالی جدایه های برتر نشان داد که این سویه ها متعلق به گونه های اشریشا کلی سویه 789، انتروباکتر کلواکه سویه GGT036، باسیلوس تکوئی لنسیس سویهKM30 و کورتیا اس. پی سویه (VITA1 (T5 هستند. نتیجه گیری: یافته های این مطالعه نشان می دهد که باکتری های جدا شده از پساب آلوده به سرب پتاسیل زیادی برای حذف این فلز از محیط های آلوده دارند و می توانند کاندیداهای خوبی برای پاکسازی و تصفیه زیستی باشند.
Background & Objectives: Lead is a heavy metal and persistent pollutant in the environment that enters through industrial wastewaters. The aim of this study was to isolate lead resistant bacteria from the industrial wastewaters, and to study the lead absorption by the isolated bacteria. Materials & Methods: This descriptive study was performed on three wastewater samples. Nutrient agar medium containing different concentrations of lead acetate were used to isolate the lead resistant bacteria. Overall, 28 colonies were selected and their characteristics were determined. Of these, six colonies with the highest lead resistance were selected. The rate of lead absorption of these strains was measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Four strains with higher lead absorption was identified using molecular method. Results: 78.5% of the isolated resistant bacteria were Gram positive and 21.5% of the bacteria were Gram negative bacteria. Biochemical tests showed that 46.5% of the isolates were belonged to Bacillus sp. Of these, T5 had the highest lead absorption. Also, sequencing results revealed that the selected isolates are belong to Escherichia coli strain 789, Enterobacter cloacae strain GGT036, Bacillus tequilensis strain KM30 and Kurthia sp. VITA1 (T5). Conclusion: The result of this study showed that the bacteria isolated from lead-containing wastewaters are highly potent for removal of this metal from polluted environments, and therefore can be appropriate candidates for bioremediation and biological treatment.
1. Rajbanshi A. Study on heavy metal resistant bacteria in Guheswori sewage treatment plant. Our Nature. 2008; 6(1): 52-57.
2. Koshy PM. 2013. Environmental stress studies with reference to the pollution in the Vattakayal backwaters near the industrial area of Chavara Kollam district Kerala. Ph.D. Faculty of Environmental and Atmospheric Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University.
3. Edward Raja C, Selvam GS, Omine K. 2009. Isolation, identification and characterization of heavy metal resistant bacteria from sewage. International Joint Symposium on Geodisaster and Geoenvironment in Asia. JS-Fukuoka.
4. Kafilzadeh F, Afrogh R, Mojoodi N. Isolation and identification of lead resistant bacteria from contaminated soils near gas stations in Jahrom city. J Health. 2013; 4(2): 110-121. [In Persian]
5. Bruins MR, Kapil S, Oehme FW. Microbial resistance to metals in the environment. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2000; 45: 198-207.
6. Nath S, Deb B, Sharma I. Isolation and characterization of cadmium and lead resistant bacteria. Glo Adv Res J Microbiol. 2012; 11: 194-198.
7. Karim Salmani B, Amouzegar M, Hamedi J. Biosorption of lead by bacteria isolated from biological wastewater petrochemical industry. J Environ Sci Technol. 2011; 13: 42-54. [In Persian]
8. Chatterjee S, Mukherjee A, Sarkar A, Roy P. Bioremediation of lead by lead-resistant microorganisms, isolated from industrial sample. Adv Biosci Biotechnol. 2012; 3: 290-295.
9. Nayeri R, Ghaemi N, Noohi A. Evaluation of isolated bacteria from industrial wastewaters in lead (Pb) removal. Qom Univ Med Sci J. 2011; 5(1): 75-82. [In Persian]
10. Low KS, Lee CK and Liew SC. Sorption of cadmium and lead from aqueous solution by spent grain. Pro Biochem. 2000; 36: 59-64.
11. Naik MM, Shamim K, Dubey SK. Biological characterization of lead resistant bacteria to explore role of bacterial metallothionein in lead resistance. Current Sci. 2012; 103 (4): 426-429.
12. Dorian BH, Landy RB, Enrique DP, Luis FL. Zinc and lead biosorption by Delftia tsuruhatensis: a bacterial strain resistant to metals isolated from mine tailings. J Water Resource Pro. 2012; 4: 207-216.
13. Sowmya M, Rejula MP, Rejith PG, Mohan M, Karuppish M and Hatha MA. Heavy metal tolerant halophilic bacteria from Vemanad Lake as possible source for bioremediation of lead and cadmium. J Environ Bio. 2013; 35(4): 654-660.
14. Amouzegar M, Ghazanfari N. Evaluation of biosorption of lead and cadmium by halophilic bacterium Halomonas eurihalina strain D. J Environ Sci. 2009; 2(1): 1-11.
15. Hassanlouei MA, Ghasemiyan Roudsari F. 2013. Isolation of lead resistant bacteria from polluted effluents and soils of Zanjan Province. First National Conference on Sustainable Agricultural Development and Healthy. 26 February, Hamedan, Iran.
16. Weisburg WG, Barns SM, Pelletier DA, Lane DJ. 16S ribosomal DNA amplification for phylogenetic study. J Bacteriol. 1991; 173(2): 697-703.
17. Altschul SF, Gish W, Miller W, Myers EW, Lipman DJ. Basic local alignment search tool. J Mol Biol. 1990; 215: 403-410.
18. Kafilzadeh F, Afrough R, Johari H, Tahery Y. Range determination for resistance/tolerance and growth kinetic of indigenous bacteria isolated from lead contaminated soils near gas stations (Iran). Eur J Exp Bio. 2012; 2(1): 62-69.
19. Lugaskas A, Levinskaite L, Peeiulyte D, Repeekiene J, Motuzas A, Vaisvalavieius R, Prosyeevas I. Effect of copper, zinc and lead acetates on microorganisms in soil. Ekologija. 2005; 1: 61-69.
20. Malik A, Khan IF, Aleem A. Plasmid incidence in bacteria from agricultural and industrial soils. World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2002; 9: 827-833.
21. Abou-Shanab RI, Delorme TA, Angle JS, Chaney RL, Ghanem K, Moawad H, Ghozlan HA. Phenotypic characterization of microbes in the rhizosphere of Alyssum murale. Int J Phytoremed. 2003; 4: 367-379.
22. Tunali S, Cabuk A and Akar XT. Removal of lead and copper ions from aqueous solutions by bacterial strain isolated from soil. Chem Eng J. 2005; 115: 203-211.
23. Gabor RM, Hassan SHA, Shoreit AAM. Biosorption of lead and nickel by living and non-living cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ASU 6a. Int Biodeterior Biodeg. 2008; 62: 195-203.
24. Ray I, Paul S, Bera D, Chattopadhyay P. Bioaccumulation of Pb (II) from aqueous solutions by Bacillus cereus M116. J Haz Sub Res. 2005; 5(1): 1-21.
_||_1. Rajbanshi A. Study on heavy metal resistant bacteria in Guheswori sewage treatment plant. Our Nature. 2008; 6(1): 52-57.
2. Koshy PM. 2013. Environmental stress studies with reference to the pollution in the Vattakayal backwaters near the industrial area of Chavara Kollam district Kerala. Ph.D. Faculty of Environmental and Atmospheric Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University.
3. Edward Raja C, Selvam GS, Omine K. 2009. Isolation, identification and characterization of heavy metal resistant bacteria from sewage. International Joint Symposium on Geodisaster and Geoenvironment in Asia. JS-Fukuoka.
4. Kafilzadeh F, Afrogh R, Mojoodi N. Isolation and identification of lead resistant bacteria from contaminated soils near gas stations in Jahrom city. J Health. 2013; 4(2): 110-121. [In Persian]
5. Bruins MR, Kapil S, Oehme FW. Microbial resistance to metals in the environment. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2000; 45: 198-207.
6. Nath S, Deb B, Sharma I. Isolation and characterization of cadmium and lead resistant bacteria. Glo Adv Res J Microbiol. 2012; 11: 194-198.
7. Karim Salmani B, Amouzegar M, Hamedi J. Biosorption of lead by bacteria isolated from biological wastewater petrochemical industry. J Environ Sci Technol. 2011; 13: 42-54. [In Persian]
8. Chatterjee S, Mukherjee A, Sarkar A, Roy P. Bioremediation of lead by lead-resistant microorganisms, isolated from industrial sample. Adv Biosci Biotechnol. 2012; 3: 290-295.
9. Nayeri R, Ghaemi N, Noohi A. Evaluation of isolated bacteria from industrial wastewaters in lead (Pb) removal. Qom Univ Med Sci J. 2011; 5(1): 75-82. [In Persian]
10. Low KS, Lee CK and Liew SC. Sorption of cadmium and lead from aqueous solution by spent grain. Pro Biochem. 2000; 36: 59-64.
11. Naik MM, Shamim K, Dubey SK. Biological characterization of lead resistant bacteria to explore role of bacterial metallothionein in lead resistance. Current Sci. 2012; 103 (4): 426-429.
12. Dorian BH, Landy RB, Enrique DP, Luis FL. Zinc and lead biosorption by Delftia tsuruhatensis: a bacterial strain resistant to metals isolated from mine tailings. J Water Resource Pro. 2012; 4: 207-216.
13. Sowmya M, Rejula MP, Rejith PG, Mohan M, Karuppish M and Hatha MA. Heavy metal tolerant halophilic bacteria from Vemanad Lake as possible source for bioremediation of lead and cadmium. J Environ Bio. 2013; 35(4): 654-660.
14. Amouzegar M, Ghazanfari N. Evaluation of biosorption of lead and cadmium by halophilic bacterium Halomonas eurihalina strain D. J Environ Sci. 2009; 2(1): 1-11.
15. Hassanlouei MA, Ghasemiyan Roudsari F. 2013. Isolation of lead resistant bacteria from polluted effluents and soils of Zanjan Province. First National Conference on Sustainable Agricultural Development and Healthy. 26 February, Hamedan, Iran.
16. Weisburg WG, Barns SM, Pelletier DA, Lane DJ. 16S ribosomal DNA amplification for phylogenetic study. J Bacteriol. 1991; 173(2): 697-703.
17. Altschul SF, Gish W, Miller W, Myers EW, Lipman DJ. Basic local alignment search tool. J Mol Biol. 1990; 215: 403-410.
18. Kafilzadeh F, Afrough R, Johari H, Tahery Y. Range determination for resistance/tolerance and growth kinetic of indigenous bacteria isolated from lead contaminated soils near gas stations (Iran). Eur J Exp Bio. 2012; 2(1): 62-69.
19. Lugaskas A, Levinskaite L, Peeiulyte D, Repeekiene J, Motuzas A, Vaisvalavieius R, Prosyeevas I. Effect of copper, zinc and lead acetates on microorganisms in soil. Ekologija. 2005; 1: 61-69.
20. Malik A, Khan IF, Aleem A. Plasmid incidence in bacteria from agricultural and industrial soils. World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2002; 9: 827-833.
21. Abou-Shanab RI, Delorme TA, Angle JS, Chaney RL, Ghanem K, Moawad H, Ghozlan HA. Phenotypic characterization of microbes in the rhizosphere of Alyssum murale. Int J Phytoremed. 2003; 4: 367-379.
22. Tunali S, Cabuk A and Akar XT. Removal of lead and copper ions from aqueous solutions by bacterial strain isolated from soil. Chem Eng J. 2005; 115: 203-211.
23. Gabor RM, Hassan SHA, Shoreit AAM. Biosorption of lead and nickel by living and non-living cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ASU 6a. Int Biodeterior Biodeg. 2008; 62: 195-203.
24. Ray I, Paul S, Bera D, Chattopadhyay P. Bioaccumulation of Pb (II) from aqueous solutions by Bacillus cereus M116. J Haz Sub Res. 2005; 5(1): 1-21.